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1.
美国哈佛大学的阿伯纳西和麻省理工学院的厄特拜克两位专家从20世纪70年代起以产品生命周期曲线理论(简称PLC理论)结合产品创新、工艺创新曲线的相互间关系进行了分析研究,发现该三种因素曲线间具有不同的发展特性和互相联系推进产业创新的规律。两位专家通过对技术创新与产业创新间的相互促进关系的研究,率先提出了"主导设计"理念,并归纳了产品、工艺、体制创新发展过程中的流动、转换、特性三个阶段特征的渐进发展规律的理论;创造了产业创新动态过程模型,对企业集团如何通过技术创新和产业升级来实现企业跨越式赶超发展战略具有重大的现实意义。  相似文献   

2.
This paper traces the development of ever more microscopic analyses of the industrial innovation process and presents these as progressive stages in a gradual coming to terms with the real-life complexities of this process. Begining with the macroscopic, diffusion perspective inherited from rural sociology, it reveals how more user-centred models have emerged. The changing image of the user is traced from “passive adopter” to “managerial problem solver” and finally, to “innovative designer”. The paper then turns to the difficulties involved in understanding the nature of the firm's infrastructure and the implications it has for innovation management and industrial relations problems. Research in this area is identified as a crucial source of the new management tachniques that are required to solve the growing problems of resistance to technology implementation. A socio-psychological analysis drawing upon the concepts of the ethogenic approach is proposed and seen to recommend a participative management style similar to that used so successfully by the Japanese.  相似文献   

3.
This article suggests that European Community social policy is now moving into a third stage that is having an increasing impact on the UK. However, continuing differences in European labour markets, collective bargaining and trade union organisation make it impossible to identify a common European pattern of industrial relations  相似文献   

4.
Organizational Ambidexterity: Towards a Multilevel Understanding   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
Although interest in the concept of organizational ambidexterity has increased during recent years, this line of inquiry remains unfocused and limited due to a lack of more encompassing conceptual efforts. As a first step, we begin by critically reviewing previous research on the conceptualization, antecedents, and consequences of ambidexterity. We then offer a model that specifies a more encompassing, multilevel explanation of ambidexterity. Finally, we trace research and managerial implications and suggest some potential research avenues.  相似文献   

5.
Technological innovation and low-carbon economy are significant for the high-quality development of China's industrial sectors. However, few scholars combine the two stages closely and discuss their coordinated development. This paper establishes an evaluation index system of technological innovation and low-carbon economy in China's industrial sectors. The technological innovation efficiency, low-carbon economy efficiency, and comprehensive efficiency of technological innovation and low-carbon economy are dynamically investigated by the two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) model and the DEA window analysis with 35 subsectors panel data during 1996–2018. The inter-industrial differences in the technological innovation efficiency and low-carbon economy efficiency are considered, and the influencing factors of the comprehensive efficiency of technological innovation and low-carbon economy are studied by the bootstrap truncation regression. The results show that: (1) The development of the technological innovation and low-carbon economy is uncoordinated, and the low-carbon economy efficiency needs improvement; (2) There is heterogeneous of the technological innovation efficiency and low-carbon economy efficiency in the 35 subsectors; (3) The density of science and technology institutions, and the average enterprises scale are positive to the comprehensive efficiency of technological innovation and low-carbon economy, while excessive reliance on technology introduction has a negative impaction. The corresponding suggestions are provided for promoting technological innovation efficiency and low-carbon economy efficiency of industrial sectors.  相似文献   

6.
如何发挥科学技术的强大经济功能,国内外存在着科技成果转化和技术创新两种思维范式;科技成果转化的思维范式带有明显的机械论思维特征和计划经济特征,在现代市场经济条件下存在明显的机制性缺陷;在创新驱动发展战略中必须确立技术创新的范式,实现由科技成果转化范式向技术创新范式转变。  相似文献   

7.
This debate section gathers together contributions from cultural historians, political geographers, urban sociologists and architectural writers on new forms of ruination in contemporary landscapes. Their case studies span examples of ruins in China, North America, Ireland and Ukraine, as well as reviewing cultural representations of ruined, remote and peripheral spaces in England and Greece. Many wider cultural representations of ruined landscapes are primarily visual; whilst these have great value in alerting wider publics to the debris of global capitalism, neoliberalism and state‐sanctioned processes of cultural imperialism, what is needed within academic contributions to the ruinology literature is a deeper understanding and articulation of the wider contexts within which ruination occurs. Therefore, several contributions supplement visual representations of ruination with ethnographic and first‐person accounts of places on the ground, whereas other contributions offer readings of ruined landscapes that are rich in political histories and policy details. Connections are made to wider contemporary debates around ‘forensic architecture’ and critical archaeologies of the present and recent past. What connects these contributions is a commitment to situating ruins within their historical, policy and social contexts, and working through ruination to open out political readings of landscape.  相似文献   

8.
文章探讨了中小企业技术创新与管理创新整合存在的问题,认为现代中小企业要突破发展“停滞”,不能仅靠单一的技术创新或管理创新,必须依靠两者的有效整合,通过技术创新增强竞争优势,以管理创新协调企业内部的矛盾,发挥整合优势。  相似文献   

9.
《Economic Systems》2023,47(1):101048
Country’s technology progress and innovation development not only depends on internal knowledge stock and human capital, but also external financial resources. This paper explores the effect of financial globalization on technological innovation through empirical investigations by using the system generalized method of moment method and panel data from 110 countries over the period of 1985–2015. Our empirical results suggest that financial globalization exerts a significant enhancing effect on technological innovation and this effect becomes stronger for countries with better institution quality. A one unit change of financial globalization can bring about a 0.6 % increase in patent applications. The comprehensive evidence shows that financial development, not trade integration, is the main channel through which financial globalization promotes national innovation. Subsample analysis shows that financial globalization only promotes innovation development of Non- Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Our findings offer new insights into the influence of financial openness on technology progress.  相似文献   

10.
Quality & Quantity - Blockchain technology is considered a core technology in the financial sector with promising prospects like economic development, financial innovation, and internet...  相似文献   

11.
技术创新项目风险分析与综合评价   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
陈青华  张卓 《企业技术开发》2005,24(2):31-33,40
文章分析了企业技术创新项目的风险因素,在此基础上设置了风险评价指标体系,建立了模糊评判模型,对企业技术创新风险进行了科学评价,并能定量地衡量企业关于某个项目的技术创新风险大小,为企业技术创新决策和采取风险控制措施提供了依据。  相似文献   

12.
13.
Organisations desire timeliness. Timeliness facilitates a better responsiveness to changes in an organisation's external environment to either attain or maintain competitiveness. Despite its importance, decision timeliness has not been explicitly examined. Decision timeliness is measured in this study as the time taken to commit to a decision. The research objective is to identify the drivers of decision timeliness in the context of adopting service-oriented architecture (SOA), an innovation for enterprise computing. A research model rooted in the technology–organisation–environment (TOE) framework is proposed and tested with data collected in a large-scale study. The research variables have been examined before in the context of adoption, but their applicability to the timeliness of innovation decision-making has not received much attention and their salience is unclear. The results support multiple hypothesised relationships, including the finding that a risk-oriented organisational culture as well as normative and coercive pressures accelerates decision timeliness. Top management support as well as the traditional innovation attributes (compatibility, relative advantage and complexity/ease-of-use) were not found to be significant when examining their influence on decision timeliness, which appears inconsistent with generally accepted knowledge and deserves further examination.  相似文献   

14.
The aim of this paper is to present a multi-layered relational framework of entrepreneurial learning by embedding the conceptual tools of a continental thinker, Pierre Bourdieu, in a social constructionist paradigmatic approach. Through a longitudinal study based on participant observation and in-depth qualitative interviews, entrepreneurial learning processes of five nascent entrepreneurs who have formed a venture team have been examined as a case study. Relational qualities of entrepreneurial learning can be illuminated by exploring dispositions and different forms of capital that nascent entrepreneurs hold at the micro-individual level, which are inextricably linked to the meso-relational level of developing an entrepreneurial habitus as they navigate through the process of business venturing. Such a multi-layered conceptualisation of entrepreneurial learning transcends individual-, team-, firm- and network-level analyses of the subject by generating insights from both micro- and meso-layers.  相似文献   

15.
分析概括了企业技术创新能力的内涵及其特征,应用系统工程理论方法,设计了中小企业技术创新能力评价指标体系。在此基础上,运用物元理论建立了中小企业技术创新能力评价物元模型,进而将模型应用于实际问题,以上海3家企业技术创新能力为物元,对其技术创新能力进行了综合评价与分析,得到了3家企业技术创新能力的初步结论及改进的建议。为中小企业技术创新能力的评价与改进提供了一种科学有效的新方法。  相似文献   

16.
创新管理不同于一般的管理活动是由于创新活动是一个非程序化的复杂过程,通过对创新活动的模式、目标、过程等各种方面存在的冲突分析可以发现,采用传统控制等管理手段是无法实现创新活动的持续,只有在文化的高度上整合企业技术创新的各种因素。才能使创新活动成为企业发展的持久推动力。  相似文献   

17.
Despite the growing interest and attention from IT researchers and practitioners, empirical research on the adoption of e-Marketplaces has been limited. This study identifies the factors influencing e-Marketplace adoption from an IT innovation perspective. Innovation, environment, and organization characteristics were tested as determinants of the adoption of an e-Marketplace based on a survey of 39 manufacturing firms. The findings indicate that external pressure and organizational size have positive relationships with organizational adoption of e-Marketplaces. Contrary to the prior innovation research, however, relative advantages did not have a significant impact on the organizational adoption of an e-Marketplace.  相似文献   

18.
大飞机研制中的技术创新路径选择   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
大飞机研发制造已成为我国新世纪的国家战略。增强自主创新能力,构建大飞机产业技术创新体系已成当务之急。因而建立产品开发平台,积极开展国际合作,提高核心技术开发能力,掌握自主知识产权显得尤为重要。  相似文献   

19.
This paper explores the critical factors which affect the innovation proccess. Some ways in which some of these factors can be influenced by appropriate policy measures are discussed. In particular, the role of the federal government in promoting innovation is discussed.The role of the government in stimulating and nurturing the innovation process is a controversial one. Proponents of the free enterprise system, many of whom are spokespersons for various industries, have persistently pointed out the deleterious effects of regulation and control on the innovation process. By contrast, advocates of an activist government role are often able to cite the protection of the common welfare as a primary need for government intervention. In truth, the “government” is a patchwork of many governments, operating through many agencies and affecting firms and individuals at several levels and leverage points. The same regulation that has deleterious effects on Industry A may be a stimulus for innovation in Industry B. Even in Industry A, the regulation may act as a force in directing efforts toward certain types of R&D programs that would not otherwise be undertaken.In this paper we examine the specific instances where innovation projects, both product or process types, were affected by government regulation. We also briefly review the critical factors which affect the innovation process and how various governments in industrialized countries have taken actions to influence these factors. Finally, we examine some general guidelines for policymaking purposes.  相似文献   

20.
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