对外贸易变动对东亚经济周期同步性影响的计量分析

随着经济全球化和区域经济一体化进程的不断推进，东亚地区经济周期同步性将进一步加强，本文运用理论和计量分析相结合的方法，不仅验证了东亚地区经济周期同步性的存在，还证明了东亚地区对外贸易变动对该地区经济周期同步性有明显的影响。     

东亚新兴经济体经济周期特征分析

东亚新兴经济体经济周期的波动性有不断减弱的趋势,但在一些突发事件如东南亚金融危机等事件的影响下,经济波动可能会加剧。东亚经济周期波动是非对称的,且大多数国家(地区)的非对称性都表现为经济周期波动的上升阶段长于下降阶段。进入20世纪90年代,尤其是2000年后,东亚新兴经济体的经济周期波动呈现了较强的相关性和同步性,2001年以后,东亚新兴经济体与世界经济周期波动之间也呈现出较强的同步性。     

《亚太经济》2007年总目录

当前世界经济发展与区域经济合作的若干问题—在2006年亚太年会上的讲话张蕴岭IP2亚太纵横对外贸易变动对东亚经济周期同步性影响的计量分析王悦IP6区域化对经济增长影响的研究刘晓宝IP12国际贸易理论的新发展与东亚实践钟乃仪IP16新经济、后发优势与东亚可持续发展侯高岚IP21“全球失衡”与世界经济增长动力多元化朱乃新2P2中日FTA的政治经济学分析王凯2P7如何应对美国贸易保护主义—论东亚集体行动的可选择性周忠菲2P12中国参与双边FTAs进程及其与APEC的政策协调刘晨阳宫占奎ZP17区域经济一体化伙伴国的经济发展水平与本国经济…     

东亚区域经济一体化的历史演进:一个制度变迁视角

本文从制度变迁角度对东亚区域经济一体化的历史演进做分析考察,通过构建制度变迁与区域经济一体化的分析框架,认为东亚区域经济一体化进程是由诱致性变迁和强制性变迁两种模式共同推动的结果,并在此基础上将东亚区域经济一体化进程中的两种制度变迁模式区分不同层次进行历史演进分析,以得出相关分析结论,提出推动东亚区域经济一体化未来发展趋势建议.     

以中国为中心的东亚经济新秩序正在浮现

东亚是指中国、日本和四个新兴工业经济体(韩国、台湾、香港、台湾和新加坡),以及东盟经济体。东亚第一波高增长由日本引领,并迅速扩散到四个新兴工业化经济体和一些东盟国家。这是第一代东亚共同体的崛起。东亚第二波高增长是由中国引领的,目前正被扩散到整个东亚区域。比较而言,中国引领的第二代东亚共同体在经济上比日本引领的第一代更为强大。中国不仅是东亚增长的引擎,也是区域经济整合的催化剂。然后,在未来相当长的时期内,中国还不能改变东亚地缘政治的形势。中国"和平崛起"这一理念并未得到东亚国家的广泛认同。中国与其他东亚经济体的总体关系仍将是"政冷经热"的局面。美国不断在东亚增强其政治和战略地位,使得中国与其他东亚经济体的新兴关系更为复杂化。因此,东亚现有的地区秩序将继续被不确定性和不稳定性因素所破坏。东亚共同体不仅需要建立在可持续的经济增长和地区整合的基础上,还需要建立在相互具有和睦安全关系的基础之上,因此在未来还有很长的路要走。     

东亚区域经济一体化问题的研究——基于FTA战略角度分析

从1997年亚洲金融危机以来,东亚区域经济一体化得到了长足的发展,东亚以东南亚的东盟和东北亚的中日韩三国为主体,开始广泛地参与到区域经济一体化进程中。由于这四大格局体系在经济发展水平、经济规模和历史问题等方面存在着一些差异,再加上美国的影响,使得东亚区域经济一体化的未来显得扑朔迷离。文章分析了东亚区域经济一体化构想产生的背景、现状和存在的问题,提出中国需要担负起推进东亚区域经济一体化的重任、充分利用现有的合作基础、关注世界格局的变化、加快产业结构的调整、加强同东盟及美日韩的沟通以促进东亚区域经济一体化进程的发展等对策建议。     

东亚经济周期协动的研究

本文认为,东亚经济周期的波动较大,周期的同步性和协动性较低,并且低于欧盟的协动程度。而且从东亚的次区域进行考察,东亚并不存在明显的几个同步的经济周期的次区域,只是东盟之间存在经济周期的长期协整关系和短期的调整机制。因此,从最优货币区理论的经济周期一体化标准看,东亚组成货币联盟的成本较高。     

对东亚区域经济一体化发展趋势的十个判断

东亚区域经济一体化虽然起步很晚，但东亚将成为当今世界区域经济一体化发展最活跃和最快的地区。东亚区域经济一体化进程与欧盟和北美自贸区相此，将呈现出明显的多元化特征，无论东盟还是中日韩，谁都不应在这个进程中寻求主宰和领导地位。东亚区域经济一体化进程两个重要特点是它内容及目标的广泛性和形式的多样性。它的成功将大大丰富全球区域经济合作的发展路径和发展模式。东盟区域经济合作体系是整个东亚经济一体化的先驱者和奠基石。中国不但可以如期实现建成与东盟的自贸区的目标。而且还会成为推动合作进程的积极中坚力量。日本将结束长期以来的“脱亚入欧”态势，将重心逐渐转向东亚，并将成为这个地区最大的主体投资力量和引领经济科技高端发展的主导力量。东北亚三国之间的区域经济合作将是最困难和最复杂的一个门槛，是整个东亚经济一体化功败垂成的关键。印度正在引人注目地迅速加入到与东里建立区域经济合作体系的行列中来，将会成为第四个10 1区域经济合作体系。印度的行动将会对俄罗斯和其他南亚及中亚国家起到重要的示范作用，泛东亚经济一体化进程将会加速到来。     

区域生产网络模式下的东亚经济一体化

区域多样性和高额贸易壁垒成本,决定了东亚经济一体化的非正式渠道。区域生产网络的出现,使得东亚形成了多层次的劳动分工,以日本为主导的跨国公司,与各地区合作者建立起生产贸易关系,不同发展水平的国家紧密地联系在一起。随着日本外国直接投资的增加和生产链的变强,东亚经济已经成为一个整体。然而,亚洲金融危机却暴露出过分依赖日本经济体的缺陷。新时期新形势下,中国应该发挥主体作用,推动东亚经济一体化进程。     

中国在东亚经济一体化进程中的战略选择

20世纪90年代以来,世界经济的发展出现了新的趋势:区域经济一体化的发展较为迅猛。资源突破国界限制在世界范围内来实现优化配置,各国、各地区经济的相互依存程度不断提高。近些年来,东亚经济合作有了一定的发展,但是和欧盟及北美自由贸易区比起来,东亚经济一体化的发展明显落后。本文以区域经济一体化理论为基础,对中国在东亚经济一体化进程中的战略进行了研究,指出了中国在东亚经济一体化进程中战略存在的问题,并对中国的一体化战略提出了几点建议。     

Regional monetary integration in the presence of two large countries: What modality makes sense for East Asia?

This paper analyzes the modalities of East Asian monetary integration by taking note of the relevance of two large economies, one outside the region (the United States) and one inside (Japan), for monetary policy making. Within the framework of a three-country model, it derives the social welfare of two regional economies and uses numerical calibration to show how it crucially depends on the specific modality of monetary integration. By using parameters obtained from the actual macroeconomic data for 1981–1996, we find that the smaller regional economy (Korea) always benefits from monetary integration, while the large regional economy (Japan) benefits from monetary integration only when it is asymmetric (such as a peg to a common basket or yenization), so that it can continue to enjoy some monetary autonomy. Symmetric integration, while not a viable option for East Asia in the short run, may become feasible in the long run if economic integration deepens sufficiently to produce convergence in economic structure and synchronization of business cycles.     

East and South Asia: Managing Difficult Bilateral Relations and Regional Integration Globally

This paper analyzes the economic integration of the East and South Asian economies in the global economy. East Asian economies are shown to be achieving much more of their potential trade than South Asian economies, both in terms of intra‐regional trade and in trade with the rest of the world. Examination of the China–Japan, India–Pakistan and Taiwan–mainland China bilateral relationships shows that integration of these economies into the global economy has allowed economic relations to dominate and constrain difficult bilateral political relations in East Asia while in South Asia adverse political relations have hampered development of bilateral economic relationships.     

东亚经济周期同步性研究

本文首先通过B-B算法,考察东亚各国(地区)的经济周期。然后运用动态因子模型,提取东亚共同经济周期,并通过比较东亚各国(地区)和共同经济周期的关系,直观地判断同步性问题。最后通过B-B算法计算出来各国(地区)经济周期的数据,使用一致指数方法定量地衡量东亚各国(地区)经济周期间的同步性问题。     

中国在东亚地区贸易结构中的地位和作用——基于零部件贸易的研究

本文从零部件贸易的角度分析了中国在东亚贸易结构中的地位。文中计算了中国和其他东亚经济体1992～2005年的零部件贸易额,在大量事实数据的基础上得出结论:中国在东亚地区以零部件进口为主,而与区域外市场之间以最终产品出口为主。同时,随着中国经济逐渐融入到东亚地区的生产网络中,东亚地区的"三角贸易"模式发生了转变:中国成为东亚地区的出口平台,进口来自于区域内较发达经济体的中间产品零部件,进行装配加工后将最终产品销往区域外市场。     

The role of production fragmentation in international business cycle synchronization in East Asia

This paper analyzes factors contributing to the observed increase in international business cycle synchronization between eight East Asian developing countries and the major developed economies of Japan and the United States. To this end, a two-country dynamic general equilibrium (DGE) model is proposed which focuses on the role of production fragmentation among these countries. A key feature of the model is that it includes the trade in differentiated capital goods, which are added to the capital stock for production, and the technology embodied in these capital goods. The parameters of the model are calibrated using actual data of the countries included. Model simulations are conducted for two periods (1993–1997 and 1999–2005), before and after the Asian financial crisis, showing that the increase in business cycle synchronization can be attributed mainly to the growing fragmentation of production activities.     

关于东亚区域货币合作问题的分析

1997年的亚洲金融危机给东亚各国的经济带来了沉重打击。此后,东亚各国纷纷认识到开展区域内货币金融合作的必要性,并以此来增强抵御风险、化解危机的能力。这次亚洲金融危机改变了东亚国家的政策取向,区域经济一体化步入制度性安排的快车道,这也为东亚区域货币合作创造了条件。另外,美元区与欧元区的相继建立和运行不仅证实了最优货币区理论在实践上的可行性,也增强了东亚各国在货币合作问题上取得成功的信心。本文将要对东亚区域货币合作问题做以探讨分析,从而说明东亚区域货币合作的必要性和可行性。     

Empirical study on intra-regional bond investment: an application to East Asia

Since the 1997 Asian financial crisis, bond market development has been one of the central pillars of financial cooperation in East Asia, with concerted efforts made by the East Asian economies to integrate regional bond markets. As a result, aggregate intra-regional bond investment expanded from US$49.56 billion in 2003 to US$352.18 billion in 2017. This paper examines the pattern and determinants of intra-regional bond investment in East Asia. We analyse regional foreign holdings of long-term and short-term bonds in eight East Asian economies. Bond market size turns out to be the main concern of regional foreign investors participating in East Asian long-term bond markets. This analysis also highlights the importance of bond issuance and bond yield volatility in attracting regional foreign short-term bond investment. Therefore, initiatives to improve regional bond market development may be crucial to stimulating intra-regional bond investment and in turn enhance East Asian financial stability.     

The impact of intra-industry trade on business cycle synchronization in East Asia

This paper empirically analyzes distinctions between intra- and inter-industry trade indices. The research indicates that the co-movements of business cycles are influenced more through the intra-industry trade channel than by the total volume of trade itself. As trade integration among Asian countries increased, business cycle synchronization among these countries was expected to expand through trade transmission. Inter-industry trade resulting in higher specialization will induce less synchronized business cycles, while intra-industry trade could lead to increased business cycle synchronization. Moreover, I find that increased business cycle synchronization, as one of the optimum currency area criteria, is overemphasized.     

China–Japan–United States integration amid global rebalancing: A computable general equilibrium analysis

Using a global general equilibrium trade model, this paper assesses the long-term implications of global rebalancing for Asian economies and explores the benefits of China–Japan–United States (US) integration. The analysis suggests that consumption evaporation, a growth slowdown in the US, and the consequent current account correction would force China, Japan, and other East Asian economies to undergo substantial structural adjustments. A combination of domestic reform aimed at boosting service sector productivity and external liberalization aimed at fostering broader economic integration will be critical for East Asian economies to facilitate their economic rebalancing and sustained growth. Our global computable general equilibrium (CGE) analysis suggests that China and Japan need to strengthen their economic ties with the US while at the same time bringing other East Asian economies into this integration process.     

China trade: Busting gravity's bounds

Since China's accession to the World Trade Organization in 2001, annual growth rates of its imports and exports have increased, and raised tensions between China and some of its major trading partners. Using a gravity model of trade, we find that China's orientation toward foreign trade is much greater than expected for an economy of its size and level of development. Our analysis shows that China's excessive orientation toward foreign trade (“over-trading”) varies substantially across countries and we consider various explanations for the over-trading. A comparison of China's export boom with the earlier export booms of more market-based East and Southeast Asian economies shows that China's export boom has exceeded earlier booms in magnitude but not in duration. We conclude with a discussion of the likely scale of future export and import flows from and to China.