黑龙江省民营企业境外上市状况分析及对策建议

近年来,黑龙江省的一些民营企业通过首发上市和买壳上市的方式,在境外上市融资方面进行了有益的尝试,取得很多宝贵的经验,但同时也遇到了对培育民营企业上市资源和推介企业上市工作重视不够、相关部门职责不清,优质上市资源匮乏等问题。应加强对民营企业境外上市工作的宏观管理,积极培育优质上市公司的后备资源,制定对拟上市公司的政策扶持措施,支持行业龙头民营企业的重组发展和做大做强。     

黑龙江省民营企业境外上市状况分析及对策建议

近年来,黑龙江省的一些民营企业通过首发上市和买壳上市的方式,在境外上市融资方面进行了有益的尝试,取得很多宝贵的经验,但同时也遇到了对培育民营企业上市资源和推介企业上市工作重视不够、相关部门职责不清,优质上市资源匮乏等问题。应加强对民营企业境外上市工作的宏观管理,积极培育优质上市公司的后备资源,制定对拟上市公司的政策扶持措施,支持行业龙头民营企业的重组发展和做大做强。     

开放式创新模式下企业创新网络、组织学习与企业创新绩效关系的实证研究——以浙江省企业为案例

开放式创新模式下,企业创新网络与创新绩效的研究已成一大热点。企业通过创新网络,以期有效整合内外部各类资源,增加竞争力。目前大量的研究证实,企业创新网络对创新绩效具有显著的积极影响,但就企业创新网络影响创新绩效作用机理的研究还显得相对匮乏。本文通过对浙江省90家企业的问卷调查和实证分析,试图剖析开放式创新模式下企业创新网络对创新绩效的影响机制。研究表明,企业创新网络能够促进知识获取、知识共享和知识应用,继而影响创新绩效;组织学习在企业创新网络与创新绩效的关系中起到中介作用。     

浙江省民营企业组织创新方式的决策研究——基于企业生命周期理论

民营企业作为浙江的一大特色,已成为浙江经济的强力支撑,如何延长企业生命周期,摆脱民营企业"富不过三代"的命运,就需要企业自身不断进行组织创新。本文从企业生命周期角度研究了浙江省民营企业组织创新方式的选择,为民营企业组织创新提供了一定的理论支持。     

浙江省企业实施"走出去"战略的现状、问题和对策

浙江省企业开展对外投资已有多年,2000年中央正式提出实施走出去开放战略以后,尤其是2001年我国加入世贸组织以后,浙江省企业在各级政府的鼓励和支持下主动走出去,境外投资进一步发展。近两年浙江省企业的境外投资活动发展势头良好,截至2002年底,浙江省境外投资项目数已经达到1081个,总投资额为50259万美元。本文着重调查并研究了2001-2002两年浙江省企业境外投资新情况以及境外投资过程中遇到的各种问题,并在此基础上就浙江省企业如何更好地进一步实施"走出去"战略提出了相应的对策。     

创业网络与新企业绩效:组织合法性的中介作用及其启示

基于整合制度理论与社会网络视角,从政治网络、投资者网络和顾客关系网络三个方面提出并检验组织合法性在创业网络与新企业绩效关系间的中介效应。基于209份新企业数据,通过多元回归方法对研究假设进行检验,结果显示:政治网络、投资者网络、顾客关系网络与组织合法性正相关;政治网络与新企业绩效关系不显著,投资者网络、顾客关系网络与新企业绩效正相关;组织合法性在顾客关系网络与新企业绩效关系间存在部分中介效应,在投资者网络与新企业绩效关系间存在完全中介效应。     

民营企业融资途径探析

我国民营企业发展迅速,已成为我国国民经济新的增长点。然而中小民营企业在发展过程中仍然受到了诸多制约,其中最为突出的问题便是资金匮乏,融资渠道受阻。民营企业融资可分为内源融资和外源融资两个方面,如今内源融资筹措资金的速度已经远远跟不上企业发展的步伐,如何拓展外源融资渠道已成为民营企业融资的关键。     

民营企业出口竞争力现状分析

民营企业出口在我国外贸出口中占据越来越大的比重,通过对民营企业出口产品竞争力、拓展市场能力的分析,以及对出口组织、外贸人才、劳动力、政府政策等障碍的研究分析,可以看出,我国民营企业需要通过产权结构的进一步完善、产品结构的优化等来增强竞争力,同时政府也需要健全民营企业出口促进体系、金融支持体系,来促进其外贸发展。     

浙江省民营企业的出口发展与制度创新

立足于非公有制民营经济发展的肥沃土壤,浙江对外贸易发展在全国独树一帜,民营生产企业的出口构筑了对外贸易的新增长点,在今后更长一个时期,也将是浙江省出口贸易持续增长的源泉。但浙江民营企业在出口发展过程中,还存在着一些制度性的障碍,需要在企业、政府和中间组织等层面实现制度创新。     

基于价值驱动的企业网络组织异变机理研究

不同于大量研究文献中对企业网络组织的稳定性假设,企业网络组织在实践中的波动性、高失败率都折射出其动态性的本质。这些源于网络组织运行主体的松散性、主体间交易关系的交错性以及运行边界的弹性,因此企业网络组织常被视为“动态的网络组织”,而异变是网络组织的一个重要特征。文章基于价值驱动的视角,发掘出了企业网络组织的渐进型与激进型异变路径,即基于价值网结构稳定的渐变与价值网结构失灵的激变,有助于丰富网络组织动态性研究的内涵。     

Tie the Ties: The Significance of the Binding Networks in SMEs’ Internationalization Process

This research examines the obstacles for small and medium sized enterprises’ (SMEs) internationalization and the roles of networks in SMEs’ internationalization process. It finds that the key obstacles for SMEs internationalization are lack of market insights, lack of knowledge and skills necessary for internationalization, and lack of skilled labor. In Thailand, personal networking has played the most prominent role in the early stage of SMEs’ internationalization. Trust is reported to be the critical component for a long lasting relationship in the network. “Friendship” is viewed as the ultimate level of relationship in the trusted network.     

Small Italian wine producers’ internationalization: The role of network relationships in the emergence of late starters

This paper aims to examine how network relationships influenced the internationalization of small Italian wine producers characterized as late starters. It is based on four cases. It shows that foreign tourists helped these firms to expand internationally: they identified business opportunities, suggested firms to contact importers, contacted importers themselves to get access to the same wine in their home country or provided foreign market knowledge. Thus, small wine producers should pay more attention to attracting tourists and creating network relationship with them. Several other network relationships ? for instance, with friends and relatives, Italian expatriates and other business partners ? also advanced the case firms’ internationalization. Moreover, they were affected by lack of time and resources, language barriers and other factors. Thus, all these aspects also need managers’ attention. Furthermore, they should take a more strategic approach towards internationalization and understand that not all internationalization attempts succeed or result in continuous orders.     

Nature of the relationship between international expansion and performance: The case of emerging market firms

Internationally expanding companies would like to see how they compare with rivals in terms of the effect of internationalization on financial performance (for their sector and their firm). Virtually all such studies have focused on advanced nations. This study, on internationalization of firms based in an emerging economy (India), provides a unique research setting and sheds additional light on this relationship. It tests for the shape of the internationalization–performance curve for emerging market firms, and investigates differences between service firms and manufacturers in the threshold effect between the initial and later stages of internationalization. We find a U-shaped curve depicting the internationalization–performance relationship of Indian firms. Service sector firms tend to gain the positive benefits of internationalization sooner than manufacturing companies.     

The Services Internationalization Process: An Exploratory Investigation of Australian Service Company Internationalization to China

Service companies possess different characteristics from non-service-based companies, affecting their process of internationalization. This article examines the internationalization of service organizations using case studies of 23 Australian service organizations internationalizing to China. It finds that the internationalization process is influenced by the type of service the organization produces. The Uppsala internationalization model partially explains internationalization for companies producing exportable services but did not explain internationalization for companies, which produce nonexportable services (services that must be located within the market). International experience, government regulations and capital intensity were influential for internationalization. The findings develop a model for service organization internationalization.     

The Impact of the Change from Partial to Full Foreign Ownership on the Internationalization of Foreign Subsidiaries

SUMMARY

This paper aims to study how host country firms' internationalization has been impacted by their foreign owners' achievement of full ownership if the companies were not fully foreign-owned at first. It starts with a review of the existing traditional internationalization literature: the Uppsala model, the innovation-related internationalization models and the Finnish model. Then it reviews other research streams: born global, foreign direct investment (FDI) and network literature and the literature on subsidiary roles. A conceptual framework is developed. Then, after a methodology section, four Estonian casestwo from banking and two from the textiles industryare introduced. After the discussion of the results, some managerial and research implications are drawn.     

The Dynamics of Negotiation in a Global Inter-Organizational Network: Findings from the Air Transport and Travel Industry

Networks of interdependent organizations, also known as network-based businesses, are being shaped by many forces. In supporting negotiations between the airlines and travel agencies locked in a principle/agent relationship wrought with tension, this paper uncovers the dynamics of negotiating in a global inter-organizational network. It provides guidelines for supporting such negotiations. Networks, as a form of interorganizational co-ordination, are becoming increasingly predominant. Knowledge on how to facilitate negotiations in global inter-organizational networks will become more valuable.     

Early internationalization: A transaction cost economics and structural embeddedness perspective

This paper develops and tests a framework for the determinants of early internationalization by drawing on transaction cost economics supplemented with structural embeddedness reasoning. We theoretically explore how asset specificity, prior international experience of the management team, and international network contacts impact early internationalization of the firm. Furthermore, we elaborate how early internationalization is related to foreign market performance. Our results show that asset specificity is negatively related to early internationalization, whereas prior international experience of the management team and international network contacts have a positive impact on early internationalization. Furthermore, our results suggest that early internationalizers are more successful in respect to foreign market performance than companies that have internationalized in later years.     

Resources and governance in “base of the pyramid”-partnerships: Assessing collaborations between businesses and non-business actors

Identifying, building, and maintaining partnerships with non-business actors are crucial challenges for multinational companies (MNCs) when implementing Base of the Pyramid (BoP) projects. Using a multiple-case study we analyze such partnerships through the lens of the relational view, focusing on resources generating inter-organizational value and on mechanisms for governing the partnerships. The cross-case analysis suggests that proficiency in identifying appropriate partners featuring non-tangible synergy-sensitive resources is vital for BoP ventures. MNCs compensate for their lack of local knowledge, contacts, and legitimacy by recruiting non-business actors for this consultancy and brokering function. Once a suitable network of partners has been identified, these resources need to be explored and exploited by developing personal relationships, communication routines, common goals, and partner-specific capacity building. Synergy-sensitive resources facilitate performance and long-term maintenance of BoP partnerships by establishing well-adapted and well-informed management practice and by creating a lock-in that works as an informal self-enforcing governance mechanism.     

The effect of network competence and environmental hostility on the internationalization of SMEs

Research findings suggest that networks offer small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) opportunities to internationalize successfully. However, the role of internal organizational competence in the process of developing and maintaining such networks in hostile external environments has received little attention. The aim of this study is to shed light on the relationship by examining the positive influence that the network competence of SMEs has on their propensity to internationalize, and on their subsequent international performance. Given that the willingness of firms to enter and perform well in markets appears to also depend on environmental hostilities, this external influence on SME internationalization is incorporated into the study. We also examine whether the level of environmental hostility moderates the relationship between network competence and SME internationalization. The empirical part of the study comprises a web survey of 298 Finnish SMEs representing five different industry sectors: metal, food, furniture, software, and knowledge-intensive business services. Confirmatory factor analysis and regression models are used in the analysis. The results indicate that higher levels of network competence are positively related to the propensity of SMEs to internationalize, as well as to their international performance. Conversely, the level of environmental hostility has a negative effect on the performance measure, but not on the internationalization propensity. Additionally, the influence of network competence is not moderated by environmental hostility. The results indicate that internal network competence and external environmental hostility play a role in SME internationalization, and that the positive influence of network competence exists independently of the hostility in the environment.     

Firm competencies on market entry success: Evidence from a high-tech industry in an emerging market

This study explores the effects of three firm competencies, namely, business network, new product development (NPD), and marketing management on market entry success of a high-tech industry in an emerging market. Business network encompasses research and development (R&D) partnership, inter-organizational network, and government relationship (guanxi). NPD consists of R&D capability and product process innovation, while marketing management encompasses distribution channel, promotion, branding, and information management. Using data from 55 biopharmaceutical multinational companies in China, this study applies structural equation modeling technique with confirmatory factor analysis for testing and estimating relationships. We find that only marketing directly influences entry success, whereas the other two yield indirect effects. Our study also suggests the critical role of business network as a prerequisite for entry process. Simultaneously, NPD serves as the driving force of marketing through the creation of product competitiveness.