我国商业银行信贷管理信息系统建设刍议

商业银行信贷管理是指商业银行运用信贷杠杆对日常经济活动中的资金借贷关系进行组织、疏导、调节和控制的活动,这是一种由相互制约的管理职能、方式、方法以及运行机制所组成的管理体系。信贷管理手段的科学化和先进性对整个信贷管理体系的规范化、科学化以及信贷业务的健康拓展     

信贷投向·信贷结构·信贷风险预警

当前,信贷投向以及信贷结构的不合理,有金融业内部的原因,也有外部经济环境因素的作用,最值得关注的是由此形成的潜在风险.应从央行货币政策导向、商业银行信贷管理机制和风险预警机制以及地方政府行为等方面着手,进行信贷结构调整,防范和化解新增不良贷款风险.     

西方商业银行信贷文化及其借鉴

商业银行信贷文化是商业银行企业文化的重要组成部分,它体现在银行信贷管理工作的各个方面,如果先进的信贷文化渗透到信贷人员的心中,将会使我国银行业信贷管理水平提升到更高的层面.西方商业银行在长期的运作中形成了许多优秀的信贷文化,对其主要内容、特点及演变过程进行介绍和分析,对促进我国商业银行信贷文化建设、提高经营水平有积极的借鉴意义.     

商业银行信贷管理要处理好五个关系

商业银行在向现代商业银行转变的过程中,要按现代商业银行的要求,在信贷管理过程中集中控制和防范信贷风险,调整区域政策,向最优区域倾斜信贷资源,做好信贷集中决策,全面提高信贷审批水平,笔者认为商业银行在信贷管理过程中要进一步处理好以下五个关系.     

从信贷资源配置行业评价模型透视行业评价方法

信贷资源配置是商业银行经营管理的核心内容之一,客观、准确地对各个行业进行评价是信贷资源配置的基础。目前商业银行信贷管理基本上是面向单一客户的信用评级法,缺乏对行业的有效评价,不利于商业银行信贷总量的控制和结构的调整。本文以行业信贷吸引力和行业信贷风险评价为主     

关于当前人贷管理工作中若干问题的再思考

自1995年全国银行经营工作会议以来,我国商业银行在健全信贷管理制度、加强内控制度建设和提高信贷人员素质等方面做了大量工作,商业银行的信贷管理水平迈上了一个新的台阶.     

基层国有商业银行信贷管理存在的问题及对策

随着金融改革的不断深入，商业银行的风险管理和内部控制体系日臻健全，其信贷管理制度、机制、流程也逐步完善，但基层商业银行的信贷营销与管理方面仍存在薄弱环节，影响其信贷业务的健康发展。一、基层商业银行信贷管理中存在的问题1、信贷从业人员素质有待提高。一是对基层行信贷人员素质重视不够，高素质的人才很难下到基层，整体素质始终难以提高；二是少数信贷人员法律意识淡薄，职业道德欠缺，风险防范意识差；     

面向未来的农业银行信贷政策管理

商业银行信贷政策是商业银行信贷管理总纲,统领商业银行信贷管理全局,决定商业银行信贷业务经营方向。国际活跃商业银行十分重视运用信贷政策,调控信贷管理,优化信贷结构,提高经营效益。农业银行在股份制改革的关键时期,如何构建符合实际、面向未来的信贷政策管理体系,是需要突破的十分重要而又紧迫的课题。     

国有商业银行信贷管理质量的改进和实施步骤

近年来,我国国有商业银行的信贷管理有了较大的改进,改革了原来的一些粗放式做法,但与现代商业银行的管理要求还有一定距离.针对这一情况,本文提出了通过对商业银行信贷管理的质量进行管理,从而实现更有效的防范和控制信贷风险,降低信贷管理成本,提高信贷管理效率的思路.在此基础上,作者设计了国有商业银行信贷管理质量管理的标准、控制及其改进的具体做法,提出了要在信贷管理的全过程中倡导无缺陷管理的理念,阐述了国有商业银行全面推进信贷质量管理中信贷人员的素质是最重要的,应该通过强化信贷管理人员的理念、培训和激励来实现信贷管理质量管理的提高.     

当前农信社信贷管理的问题及对策

信贷管理是金融机构经营管理的基础,农村信用社是合作经济范畴的非银行金融机构,多年来一直以传统存、贷款业务为主,其贷款利息收入和同业往来的利息收入几乎占全部收入的99%.农村信用社的信贷管理与商业银行相比有其特殊性,那就是农村信用社的主要服务对象是"三农".但随着改革的不断深入,我国城市化水平不断提高、农村信用社自身实力的不断壮大,新的信贷管理理论也不断融入了农村信用社的经营管理中.我们认为,现阶段农村信用社信贷管理的核心内容主要有三个:一是资产负债管理;二是信贷人员的管理;三是信贷内控机制的管理.资产负债管理是信贷管理工作中的主要内容;信贷人员的管理是农村信用社信贷业务重要的、决定性的因素;而建立有效的信贷内控机制的管理是信贷管理工作的保障.     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…