中国旅游扶贫研究综述

近年来有关中国旅游与贫困的研究解决了一些重大问题,如旅游扶贫的意义、政府的重要作用、社区参与的核心地位、乡村资源的基础地位等得到广泛确认.但是总体而言研究处于初级阶段.在研究对象上,没有将贫困人口作为研究的核心;对重大问题的研究方面,尚显不够系统、深入;在研究方法层面,大量的定性研究集中在探讨定义、概念和旅游的一般性影响,缺乏深入的旅游扶贫定量研究.今后的研究应更多地通过对不同旅游形式对贫困人口的经济、社会、环境等各个方面的实际影响进行系统的定性与定量分析相结合的案例研究,设计旅游扶贫的概念模式和具体的模式实施指南,并创建出中国旅游扶贫的理论体系.     

遗产责任:概念、特征与研究议题

为回应学术界关于旅游研究范式转型中提出的旅游研究应更关注的公平与权利、道德与责任问题,根据遗产旅游的现实发展需要,研究以国际宪章与法规关于遗产责任的表述为出发点,根据遗产与遗产旅游的本质属性特征,借鉴企业社会责任和负责任旅游的概念界定方式,提出"遗产责任"的学术概念,并根据遗产与遗产旅游的内涵对遗产责任的特征进行了讨论。在此基础上,根据遗产旅游研究的核心问题提出了遗产责任研究的"什么是遗产责任""谁的遗产责任""不同的遗产责任行动对遗产价值再现和遗产旅游可持续发展产生什么影响"3大核心研究议题。     

"旅游"概念新探——兼与谢彦君、张凌云两位教授商榷

旅游是旅游学科中最基本的概念,是架构旅游学科的基本点和出发点,如果不能科学地界定,旅游学科体系则难以完善.因此,旅游这一概念一直是旅游学界探讨的热点.但迄今为止,学界仍未达成共识.文章在谢彦君教授和张凌云教授研究的基础上,对旅游概念进行了新的探讨.认为两位教授的相关研究是卓有成效的,不仅为旅游概念的研究打下了基础,而且也为解决这一问题提供了可能.但两位教授的研究也存在着不同程度的不足和缺陷,有些问题仍需进一步商榷.文章试图在此基础上,对旅游这一概念重新进行界定,提出了"旅游是人们利用闲暇时间对非惯常环境的一种体验,是一种短暂的生活方式和生存状态".     

旅游商品的概念辨析与研究框架

旅游商品的概念一直是旅游研究中较为模糊的概念.此前的研究往往通过列举总结的方式对其概念性定义进行界定,但在概念应用上产生诸多的歧义.文章通过研究综述的方式总结了旅游商品概念在旅游研究中的应用,归纳出旅游商品在需求者、供给者与商品流通三种不同维度的概念性定义.在需求者维度下,旅游商品指旅游者在旅游活动中所购买的有形商品;在供给者维度下,旅游商品指由旅游生产系统供应的,具有“旅游”内涵的有形商品;在商品流通维度下,旅游商品指在面向旅游者开放的市场上流通的有形商品.不同维度下的定义由于商品所联接的“角色”与“关系”不同而存在差异.最后,构建出旅游商品的研究框架,以便于旅游商品概念在不同研究中的应用.     

五种旅游信息传播模式的比较与整合

旅游信息传播是旅游活动的核心过程,也是旅游研究的重点领域.文章通过梳理相关研究成果,对比分析5种具有代表性的旅游信息传播模式,对其学科属性、概念内涵、模式结构、表述类型等内容进行归纳总结.在此基础上,文章从系统科学、社会心理学和社会伦理学切入,整合并重构旅游信息传播的过程及其结构要素,提出一个由传播者、信息、媒介、游客4大要素为主体,以大众传播、人际传播、组织传播、群体传播为传播方式,并以三环结构为几何特征的旅游信息立体传播模式,为旅游信息传播研究提供了一种新的框架和思路.     

旅游心理学:含义、对象与特点的再审视

旅游心理学应用研究成果丰富,然而其基础理论研究却十分薄弱.旅游心理学不应是旅游的心理学研究,而应是关于旅游心理现象及其研究的科学;旅游心理学的研究对象也不应局限于旅游活动中人的心理与行为,而应指向整个旅游心理现象及旅游心理研究;旅游心理学的特点不但体现在研究对象、研究方法上,还体现在研究意义和概念范畴上.逻辑起点选择有误是目前旅游心理学及许多旅游学分支学科定位欠准确、名实不相符、体系无特色的根本原因.     

农民旅游：概念、基本问题与研究框架——一个文献综述

随着农村经济发展带来农民财富积累及农民生活质量的提升，农民旅游迅速发展。文章基于中国转型期的社会背景，在回顾近30年来国内农民旅游研究文献的基础上，对农民旅游的概念内涵、研究历程、研究视角和研究特征进行了概括，并提出一些尚待研究的基本问题，包括旅游学科研究框架下如何界定农民、农村非均衡性导致的农民旅游差异化问题、如何划定农民旅游市场的界限以及如何对农民旅游市场进行统计等，最后构建出农民旅游研究框架。     

构建旅游院校“产学研一体化”办学模式的几个问题探析——以北京联合大学旅游学院为例

“产学研一体化”办学,作为一种不同于传统旅游院校的办学新形式,其模式的理论概括、完整表述等还在探讨之中,本文在借鉴相关研究、明析相关概念的基础上,以北京联合大学旅游学院为例,对旅游学院“一体化办学”的理念和依据、模式的内涵、要素以及作为该模式的中心内容——产学研合作教育的层次及类型等几个重点问题作进一步探析。     

关于"旅游目的地竞争力"内涵的辨析与认识

人们不难发现,国内外有关"旅游目的地竞争力"的研究普遍缺乏对"旅游目的地竞争力"的内涵进行界定.内涵界定的缺失在很大程度上会影响该领域研究的开展.为此,本文在对"竞争力"概念进行辨析的基础上,结合"旅游竞争力"的内涵,尝试对"旅游目的地竞争力"内涵做出归纳和界定,并探讨其中一些值得注意的认识问题.     

文旅融合背景下黑龙江省大兴安岭地区呼玛县武侠文化旅游开发研究

<正>在文旅融合背景下，武侠文化旅游获得了新的发展机遇。武侠文化作为中国传统文化的重要组成部分，历史悠久、内涵丰富。文章基于文旅融合背景，以黑龙江省边境小城呼玛县为研究对象，探讨武侠文化旅游产品开发模式，即武侠场景再还原模式、资源整合再提升模式和高新技术再创意模式三种模式，并在此基础上提出呼玛县武侠文化旅游产品开发策略，以供参考。     

A Comparative Study of the Motivations,Activities, Overall Satisfaction,and Post-Trip Behaviors of International Tourists in Macau: Mainland Chinese,Hongkongese, Taiwanese,and Westerners

Cross-cultural differences are a vital issue in international tourism; the success of international tourism marketing strategies depends upon understanding tourists from different cultures and regions. To understand the diverse and lively Macau international tourism market, this study explored the cross-cultural differences in push and pull motivations, participating activities, and overall satisfaction level of traveling to Macau for four international tourist groups: Mainland Chinese, Hongkongese, Taiwanese, and Western. Using exploratory factor analysis, this study identified three push (knowledge and fun, relaxation and escape, and shopping and nightlife) and four pull motivation factors (exciting and relaxing atmosphere, local and cultural resources, gambling and entertainment, and famous destination). The results indicated that significant differences among the four tourist groups were found in the characteristics, motivations, activities, overall satisfaction, and post-trip behaviors. These findings will assist the development of promotional strategies and better communication that acknowledge cultural differences.     

Event Quality,Perceived Value,Destination Image,and Behavioral Intention of Sports Events: The Case of the IAAF World Championship,Daegu, 2011

This study proposes a conceptual model to investigate visitors' perceptions of an event's quality according to value and the destination image, and visitors' resulting behavioral intentions in the context of a mega-sports event. This study also examines whether or not perceived value and destination image determine visitors' future behavioral intentions. Using structural equation modeling analysis, this study determines that an event's quality and its perceived value have a significant effect on behavioral intentions. Moreover, perceived value exerted a direct influence on behavioral intentions, and destination image determined visitors' perceptions of value. However, the impact of destination image had an insignificant effect on behavioral intentions. The implications have merit for academic researchers and sports event organizers.     

Measuring the ABCs of Leisure Experience: Awareness,Boredom, Challenge,Distress

Abstract

The psychometric properties of four aspects of leisure experience (Awareness, Boredom, Challenge, Distress), originally identified and tested with adolescents, were investigated with college students. Findings indicated that the original subscales were internally consistent and could be applied, with minor modification, irrespective of gender, ethnicity, college major, or employment. Interrelationships among the four leisure constructs of Awareness, Boredom, Challenge, and Distress were found to vary as a function of both gender and ethnicity, yielding different profiles of African-American, Asian-American, European-American, and Hispanic-American male and female students.     

An exploration of lesbian,gay, bisexual,and transgender pride festival sponsors

Pride festivals, events defined as a parade, march, rally, or festival organized for the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender community, continue to rely on sponsorships for festival operations. The purpose of this exploratory study is to examine the current makeup of pride festival sponsors in the United States and Canada. A content analysis of 780 of 30 U.S. and Canadian pride festival sponsors found that all 30 pride festivals utilized sponsors. Findings indicate that a majority of the sponsors that came from states outside of the pride festival state were private corporate sponsors, and came from industries such as services, health, media, and beverages. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.     

Past,Present, and Future of Tourism Education

SUMMARY

Tourism education in Korea, mandated by the Higher Education Act, has evolved rapidly in response to the tourism industry's growth and labor demands for the last four decades. As tourism education has matured and become increasingly recognized as a legitimate academic field of study, the Korean tourism education has attempted to generate future quality workforce and to establish the status of tourism as a prominent research oriented discipline. The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of the Korean tourism industry and tourism education over the past four decades and to suggest future directions for Korean education in the 21st century. By improving current curricula according to today's fast changing tourism business environment and cooperating with the tourism industry with the aid of the government on policies and regulations, Korean tourism education will continue to contribute to the Korean tourism industry as a legitimate partner.     

Actors, power, and discourses of growth limits

Interventions in a public debate about government policies to limit tourism growth in Malta are evaluated from an actor perspective on political economy. Attempts to influence growth policies are examined for their discourses, knowledge frameworks, and relative influence on the government. Government-related organizations led one intervention advocating sustainable development, but actually it was much affected by business considerations and technical rationality. A second effort by a heritage organization emphasized environmental concerns, but this lacked power to influence official policies. While a trade association had more direct influence on government, its call to halt hotel construction appears more influenced by concerns about profitability than conservation.