共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
本文基于相机抉择原则在我国宏观调控中的实际运用,运用时间一致性、趋势性研究,对中国财政政策与经济波动的关系进行分析,从制度背景、国情实际、自身特性及操作难度等方面分析相机抉择在运用过程中产生宏观调控实际效应偏差的主要原因,并提出政策建议。 相似文献
2.
相机抉择的财政整策要求政府根据一定时期的经济形势变化情况,采用不同的财政整策,我国近年来的财政政策基本上都遵循了相机抉择的反经济周期的宏观经济管理思想并且收到了显著的效果,但是同时也存在着一定的调控差. 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
我国相机财政政策的波动性研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文通过对我国财政政策运行轨迹的历史考察,认为我国的相机财政政策不管是收入政策还是支出政策抑或是综合预算政策,都表现出明显的周期波动特征,且各项政策周期内波动幅度都不是很大,除了极个别的年份外,基本上保持在2个百分点以内.就收支政策的波动来看,两者的波动保持了较高的相似性.1995年前,两者都位于均衡水平之下运行,1995年后,两者又都位于均衡水平之上运行.但就稳定职能来说,财政支出政策明显地要好于财政收入政策,综合预算政策基本上与稳定职能保持一致. 相似文献
6.
规则还是相机抉择:货币政策选择的交易成本政治学视角 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
交易成本政治学的分析框架表明,货币当局在货币政策规则与相机抉择之间进行抉择的决定因素是,在政策收益与政策转换引致的交易成本,并在对二者的权衡中做出政策转换的决策。在我国的货币政策抉择中,应加快金融领域内市场化改革步伐,增强中央银行独立性以及采用连续微调货币政策。 相似文献
7.
一段时间以来,我国政府主要是运用相机抉择的财政政策来调控宏观经济的周期性波动.实施这种相机抉择功能的财政政策在带来繁荣的同时,也蕴含着越来越多难以克服的危机,尤其是在中国这样的发展中国家里,过度频繁地利用经济政策来拉动经济增长的效果并不理想,反而会造成投资浪费以及经济的更大波动.因此,应尽早实现财政政策的转型,实行具有自动稳定功能的财政政策. 相似文献
8.
·经济全球化要求进一步加强国际间的财政政策协调。·要加快社会保障制度改革和税制结构调整,增强自动稳定器作用的发挥。·应加快相机抉择财政政策决策机制的转变进程,提高财政政策效率。·要确立财政规则,健全财政制度,为财政政策提供强有力的支撑。 相似文献
9.
向宏桥 《生态经济(英文版)》2005,1(4):76-79
Harmonious fiscal policy is the Inner requirement for Constructing Harmonious society and is an important means of realiziug such society. The harmonious fiscal policy should realize the harmony of “two hands”, the harmony of values, the unity of short-term and long-term harmony the unity of parts and the whole harmony, the unity of internal and external efficacy harmony. To scientifically evaluate harmony of fiscal policy is the prerequisite to bring harmonious fiscal policy to its full play. 相似文献
10.
从西方相机抉择的宏观经济政策看我国经济的宏观调控 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文论述了西方宏观经济政策的主要类型(财政政策、货币政策)、实施工具、相机抉择和两种政策的协调使用;并介绍了我国宏观经济的基本现状,阐述了我国政府如何使用积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策调控宏观经济。 相似文献
11.
积极财政政策来源于西方财政理论与实践,这一理论对我国财政理论与实践有着十分重要的影响。结合中国实际情况,积极财政政策应如何调整。 相似文献
12.
财政政策既要发挥内在的自动稳定器功能,又要体现政府的政策意图,具有与“机会主义”策略一致的内涵。文章将“机会主义”策略融入财政政策规则,对我国财政政策对通胀和产出的调节是否表现出“机会主义”策略进行了研究,得到的主要结论可以概括为:我国财政政策对通胀和经济增长目标值的关注表现出较强的时变性,且其对经济增长的调节依赖于对经济增速中间目标的偏离程度。当经济增速与中间目标的偏离位于区间[-0.95%,2.85%]内时,财政政策将发挥内生的自动稳定器功能,表现出较强的惰性;而当经济增速与其中间目标的偏离位于该区间外时,财政政策则表现出较强的活性,会对经济增长产生积极的调节作用。 相似文献
13.
弱势下的扩张:中国财政状况和政策取向分析 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
院海通证券公司研究所联合课题组 《经济理论与经济管理》2003,(6):15-26
目前以预算内财政收入计算的财政规模很低,但这一指标并没有全面反映我国财政的规模,真实的财政规模其实相当大。用“积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策”概括1998年以来的宏观调控有失公允,为确保经济增长,中央政府实际上调动了包括货币政策在内的所有政策资源刺激经济。目前,我国债务规模在可控范围之内,真正决定积极财政政策取向的是财政项目的效益等因素,我国积极财政政策已经转向谨慎。正在实行的财政政策有两个显著特点,一是推进公共财政体系建设,这是由我国经济体制改革的总体目标设定的;二是在实行积极财政政策的同时,增加税收,这反映了财政在加强自身建设的同时(提高财政两个比重),竭力完成宏观调控目标的努力。这两个看似矛盾的政策,统一在当前的财政政策中,恰当地反映了转型期财政必须应对的多重目标。 相似文献
14.
15.
Walter Adams 《Journal of economic issues》2013,47(2):341-342
Opposite to mainstream economics, (post-) Keynesian economics has defended the need of a discretionary fiscal policy that helps to maintain economic activity at a full employment level, offsetting the cyclical deviations from that level of output. In this sense, it is implicitly assumed that any discretionary management of public finance is, by definition, efficient. The Spanish case shows that public authorities can make an inefficient use of the discretionary room of fiscal policy, thus exacerbating the existing macroeconomic and fiscal imbalances. Consequently, there is a need for rules that constrain the discretionary management of public finance. 相似文献
16.
Guido Baldi 《Journal of Economic Policy Reform》2016,19(2):185-194
In this paper, we analyze the impact fiscal policy rules have on budget deficits and forecasting biases in official budget outlooks. Persistent budget deficits and over-optimistic budget forecasts have been observed in many countries in the past, especially in the euro area. To prevent such developments from happening in the future, fiscal rules have been revised or implemented with the aim to strengthen both preventive (ex-ante) and corrective (ex-post) elements of fiscal rules frameworks. Do such ex-ante and ex-post rules differ in their effects? In an attempt to answer this question, we build a two-period model and distinguish between ex-ante rules that apply to budget forecasts and ex-post rules that apply to realized budget deficits. Our model indicates that effectively enforced ex-post rules are more effective than ex-ante rules at reducing budget deficits. Interestingly, ex-ante rules differ from ex-post rules in their effects on forecasting biases. Only ex-post sanctions reduce forecasting biases, while ex-ante rules have no impact on such biases. In addition, we show that political stability and the size of government increase the effectiveness of fiscal rules. If, however, financial markets have a disciplining effect on governments, the effectiveness of fiscal rules is reduced. Our results imply that if fiscal policy rules cannot be effectively enforced, reforming other areas such as electoral rules or financial market regulations might be a more promising approach to ensuring sound public finances than fiscal policy rules. 相似文献
17.
Abstract Quality of governance has been found to be significant in economic growth. We investigate, using a threshold technique, whether the quality of governance matters equally across all levels of economic development. We find that the quality of governance is most significant for only a subset of relatively poor countries, while education is most significant for the poorest countries, and region is most significant for the wealthiest. 相似文献
18.
我国生态环境保护和治理的财政政策选择 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
环境的公共产品性质和外部性,决定了它应该成为政府财政投资的重点。因而财政政策对环境保护和治理的影响极大。从总体上看,我国的财政政策在支持生态环境保护和治理中发挥了重要作用。但由于财政政策在设计上存在着缺陷,致使其在生态环境建设中的支持作用未能完全发挥。基于此,本文提出了完善我国生态环境可持续发展的财政政策建议。 相似文献
19.
Florence Huart 《The German Economic Review》2013,14(1):73-88
We test the relationship between the cyclically adjusted primary balance and alternative indicators of cyclical conditions for the euro area and 18 OECD countries over the period 1970–2009. A countercyclical stance of discretionary fiscal policy is found during bad times after 1999 in the euro area as a whole and in a few member countries only (France, Ireland and The Netherlands). It is also associated with high public deficits or low public debts. There is no significant case of procyclical fiscal policy after 1999, neither in good times nor in bad times. 相似文献