中小企业负债经营的风险防范

<正>现代社会的发展速度加快,企业销售利润和规模在扩大的同时,也面临着过度负债的风险,特别是中小企业。中小企业如果仅仅依靠内部资金发展,在很多情况下会受到限制,不能完成扩张规模的目标。如果中小企业想要获得更多、更优质的发展机遇,就需要以充足的资金作为发展支撑,但大多中小企业在资金量不足的情况下,负债经营就成为最好的选择。企业负债经营是指企业通过向外部借款或融资开展经营活动的一种模式,但如果对负债经营的程度把控不当,极有可能造成过度负债经营,并引发大量的隐患和风险。因此,对中小企业而言,了解负债经营的潜在风险,并结合自身实际制定科学合理的风险防范机制,是必须考虑的问题。     

我国中小企业融资管理初探

随着我国中小企业的发展壮大,融资管理已经成为中小企业发展的关键所在,中小企业必须有资金的支持才能够快速发展,现代中小企业仅仅靠原始积累来发展是不现实的.解决中小企业的资金短缺问题最常用的手段就是负债经营.鉴于此,对中小企业融资管理的意义、存在的问题以及完善中小企业融资管理方法进行研究显得尤为迫切和必要.中小企业只有解决好融资问题,才能在激烈的市场竞争中健康、快速地发展     

中小企业资金需求与融资绩效研究

本文对中小企业的融资风险及融资成本-效益进行分析,认为目前中小企业具有负债经营的空间,银行等金融机构应拓展中小企业业务。     

中小企业融资困境的原因解读

近年来中小企业如雨后春笋般地迅速发展,然而,由于社会融资环境和中小企业自身等一系列原因,导致中小企业融资困难。中小企业融资困难成为制约中小企业发展的瓶颈因素。本文从分析我国中小企业的发展现状入手,解读中小企业融资困境的原因。     

论中小企业融资困难

近年来,由于中小企业自身特征,偿债能力弱、融资规模较小、财务规范性差等中小企业自身内部原因,加之外部环境的影响,如政府的政策、法律体系、金融机构的因素,导致了中小企业融资困难成为了普遍存在的问题,成为制约中小企业发展最大的“瓶颈”。解决中小企业融资难的问题,企业应致力于核心竞争力的提高、金融机构应完善融资体系、政府加大对中小企业的扶持力度,探索适合中小企业特点的融资方式,为其发展提供有效的资金支持。     

我国中小企业融资的制度性缺陷研究

中小企业的发展对中国的经济有重要的影响,但是由于中小企业自身发展能力问题,现在的金融制度缺陷等等问题导致中小企业融资成为大问题。中小企业融资难,融资门槛高等问题一直制约中国中小企业的发展,通过探讨中小企业的融资,才能了解制约中小企业的问题所在找到合适的解决方法。     

中小企业融资渠道研究

改革开放以来,我国中小企业取得了迅速发展,成为国民经济中最具活力的增长点。但是长期以来,由于各种原因,中小企业所获得的金融支持与其贡献极不相称。中小企业在发展过程中出现的融资难题已经成为制约中小企业发展的瓶颈之一。针对此,本文将以我国的中小企业的融资问题为研究对象,通过一系列数据分析,对中国中小企业的融资现状以及融资过程中所存在的问题进行研究,并借鉴国外解决中小企业融资问题的经验,结合我国的基本国情,从企业自身、银行、政府三方面为我国中小企业解决融资困难出谋划策。     

中小企业负债融资的风险及对策

现今社会,企业必须有强大的资金作为支持,才能生存并不断运作、发展。负债经营已成为现代企业经营的一种策略和手段,对中小企业负债融资如果运用得当会给企业带来收益,但若运用不当也会给企业带来巨大风险。本文主要阐述了负责融资的原因,分析了负债融资的优势,以及如何防范风险的对策。     

浅谈中小企业融资困难

当前中小企业对于国民经济的发展作用越来越大,但随着中小企业自身的发展,资金短缺却成为其前进的桎梏。学术界对于中小企业融资问题的研究可谓汗牛充栋。但是学界的解决办法莫衷一是。而且中小企业因为规模小、抵押能力有限而融资困难,难以从银行获得企业发展所需的资金。如何解决中小企业融资难的问题已经不仅仅是学界理论研究的焦点,也成为社会各界高度关注的问题。要破解这一难题,要从政府推动、企业自身健全,推动直接融资体系等方面入手,促进中小企业健康有序发展。     

浅析重庆市中小企业融资现状及对策

重庆市中小企业融资困难已经成为社会亟待解决的难题,中小企业融资困难不仅阻碍了中小企业自身的发展,对我国市场经济的健康发展也造成了严重的影响。本课题的研究主要从对重庆市中小企业的融资方式以及融资现状的分析,在此基础上针对促进中小企业融资现状的改善提出相关对策和建议。     

Family involvement and new venture debt financing

New ventures often require debt financing but face difficulties convincing lenders of their creditworthiness because of agency problems. Researchers have shown that social capital can help small firms reduce lenders' agency concerns but new ventures do not yet have their own social capital. We propose that family involvement increases a venture's ability to borrow family social capital for the purpose of obtaining debt financing. Empirical tests with 1267 new ventures suggest that family involvement directly and indirectly improves a new venture's access to debt financing.     

银行民营是改善中小企业融资状况的有效途径

中小企业已成为我国经济发展进程中一支重要力量,但其所处的商业环境尤其是融资环境却不容乐观,大量的中小企业靠内源融资发展,外源融资不畅,存在很大的资金缺口,这极大地阻碍了中小企业的规模扩张和新技术的采用,成立民营银行,为中小民营企业提供资金支持是解决民营企业所面临的融资困境的有效途径,而建立健全的中小企业信用担保体系则是两者形成良性循环的重要保证。     

Capital structure decision making: A model for family business

Most theoretical and empirical studies of capital structure focus on public corporations. Only a limited number of studies on capital structure have been conducted on small-to-medium size enterprises (SMEs), and this deficiency is particularly evident in investigations into factors that influence funding decisions of family business owners.Theory indicates that there is a complex array of factors that influence SME owner-managers' financing decisions. Recent family business literature suggests that these processes are influenced by firm owners' attitudes toward the utility of debt as a form of funding as moderated by external environmental conditions (e.g., financial and market considerations).A number of other factors have been shown to influence financing decisions including culture; entrepreneurial characteristics; entrepreneurs' prior experiences in capital structure; business goals; business life-cycle issues; preferred ownership structures; views regarding control, debt–equity ratios, and short- vs. long-term debt; age and size of the firm; sources of funding for growth; attitudes toward debt financing; issues relating to independence and control; and perceived risk and attitudes toward personal risk.Although these factors have been identified, until now there does not appear to have been any attempts to develop empirically-based models that show relationships between these factors and family business owners' financing decisions. Utilizing theories derived from divergent disciplines, this study develops an empirically tested structural equation model of financing antecedents of family businesses. Participants of our study involved a random sample of 5000 business owners who were mailed a 250-item Australian Family and Private Business questionnaire developed specifically for this investigation.Notably, our findings reveal that firm size, family control, business planning, and business objectives are significantly associated with debt. Small family businesses and owners who do not have formal planning processes in place tend to rely on family loans as a source of finance. However, family businesses in the service industry (e.g., retailers and wholesalers) are less likely to use family loans as are those owners who are planning to achieve growth through new products or process development. Use of capital and retained profits is likely for family businesses planning to achieve growth through an increase in sales but less is likely for family businesses in the manufacturing sector and lifestyle firms. In addition, debt and family loans are negatively related to capital and retained profits. Equity is a consideration for owners of large businesses, young firms, and owners who plan to achieve growth through increasing profit margins. However, equity is less likely to be a consideration for older family business owners and owners who have a preference for retaining family control.Our findings suggest that the interplay between multiple social, family, and financial factors is complex. In addition, our findings indicate the importance of utilizing theories that also help to explain behavioral factors (e.g., owners' needs to be in control) that affect financial structure decision-making processes. Practitioners and researchers should consider the dynamic interplay among business characteristics (e.g., size or industry), behavioral aspects of business financing (e.g., business objectives), and financial factors (e.g., gearing levels) when working with and researching family enterprises.     

我国地方政府自主发债问题研究

目前我国保障房建设资金的短缺突显出地方资金和债务上存在问题。我国计划在广东、浙江试点实施地方自行发债,以解决地方政府融资问题,保证保障房的建设。我国地方政府在发债方面应注意清理地方债务,定期公布财务状况,完善相关法律法规。     

Capital Structure Decisions During a Firm's Life Cycle

The study reported here examines the financing choices of small and medium-sized firms, i.e., those most vulnerable to information and incentive problems, through the lens of the business life cycle. We argue that the controversy in the empirical literature regarding the determinants of capital structure decisions is based on a failure to take into account the different degrees of information opacity, and, consequently, firms' characteristics and needs at specific stages of their life cycles. The results show that, in a bank-oriented country, firms tend to adopt specific financing strategies and a different hierarchy of financial decision-making as they progress through the phases of their business life cycle. Contrary to conventional wisdom, debt is shown to be fundamental to business activities in the early stages, representing the first choice. By contrast, in the maturity stage, firms re-balance their capital structure, gradually substituting debt for internal capital, and for firms that have consolidated their business, the pecking-order theory shows a high degree of application. This financial life-cycle pattern seems to be homogeneous for different industries and consistent over time.     

我国中小企业融资难的成因及对策

改革开放以来,我国的中小企业得到了迅猛的发展,已经成为我国现阶段最具竞争力的经济力量之一。进一步加快中小企业的发展,必须解决好中小企业融资困难的问题。其根本出路在于:中小企业要加强自身发展,增强其内在融资能力;金融机构要认真贯彻国家相关法律,改善金融服务;政府部门应制定相应的政策,切实解决中小企业融资难的问题。     

Analysis of the impact mechanism of environmental regulations on corporate environmental proactivity—based on the perspective of political connections

Previous studies have demonstrated the favorable effects of political connections on corporate environmental proactivity (CEP). However, few studies have further verified whether this is definitively the case under environmental regulations and their underlying reasons, which would help elucidate the performance and motivation of politically connected firms’ (PCFs’) environmental proactivity. Using data from Chinese A-shares-listed industrial firms from 2010 to 2016, we find that environmental regulations can significantly improve CEP. Compared with non-politically connected firms (NPCFs), PCFs are more responsive to environmental regulations. Counterfactual analysis based on corporate resource conditions suggests that firms that are more supported by government in debt financing and show higher environmental proactivity are only found in PCF samples. In order to maintain this political relationship and continuously obtain debt financing support, PCFs tend to “bind” their business decisions to the government’s environmental governance objectives and display higher environmental proactivity. In summary, PCFs’ environmental proactivity involves self-interest decisions based on their resource conditions.     

债转股式并购融资中的矩阵分析法

内源融资是公司并购融资的首选,这是由信息不对称条件下公司价值的影响因素决定的。在公司并购中,猎手公司利用拥有的对目标公司的债权资产实施债转股也是并购内源融资的有效方式。从债转股式并购融资的条件出发,构造了债务压力——并购引力矩阵,分析了债务压力——并购引力矩阵在债转股式并购融资中的应用。     

Stock listing and financial flexibility

A stock listing usually reflects easy access to external equity financing. Although scant empirical evidence exists on the matter, the literature suggests that the enhanced standing towards creditors - which would result in easier access to debt financing - is an extra advantage of being publicly quoted. This paper tests whether a stock listing leads to more flexibility of debt financing, using a data set of listed and comparably large unlisted companies. The data reveals that listing mainly increases the flexible use of debt financing. The difference between listed and unlisted firms is most apparent when investment opportunities tend to arrive in low-cash-flow states. Furthermore, as the unlisted firms in the dataset are all large consolidating business groups, the results indicate that a group structure does not substitute for listing. The results are robust to different estimation methods.     

黑龙江省农民工返乡创业政策支持研究

现阶段,黑龙江省已经面临返乡农民工转移就业的严峻形势。在这些返乡的农民工群体中不乏一些具备一定技术和管理经验的人才,想凭借自己的一技之长开创一番事业。但在创业过程中遇到了许多自身难以克服的困难。为促进农民工返乡创业,黑龙江省应提供创业教育培训、创业融资支持和创业环境优化等政策支持。