西部工业化现状分析及发展问题研究

本文通过对西部工业化水平与全国及东部地区进行比较分析,推断出西部目前基本处于工业化初期向中期转变的阶段;分析了西部工业化进程发展的制约因素主要是:经济软环境差、国有工业活力不足、资本市场发育滞后、人力资源浪费和流失并存;提出要通过转变政府职能、进行结构调整、加快技术创新发展民营科技企业、实施城市化发展战略推进西部工业化进程.     

西部工业化现状分析及发展问题研究

本文通过对西部工业化水平与全国及东部地区进行比较分析,推断出西部目前基本处于工业化初期向中期转变的阶段;分析了西部工业化进程发展的制约因素主要是：经济软环境差、国有工业活力不足、资本市场发育滞后、人力资源浪费和流失并存;提出要通过转变政府职能、进行结构调整、加快技术创新发展民营科技企业、实施城市化发展战略推进西部工业化进程。     

湖北省县域经济的特征与发展对策

一、湖北省县域经济基本特征1.从工业化进程分析,县域经济的发展,不仅仅是规模的扩张和速度的加快,更重要的是地区经济发展格局正在逐步发生一系列深刻的变化,工业化演变进程正在加快。80年代,全省县域经济发展水平处于初级产品生产和传统工业化初期阶段,人均GDP水平在280美元左右徘徊。2002年全省县域经济中人均GDP达到754美元,已越出传统工业化初期,处于传统工业化中期水平。产业结构呈现高度化趋势。90年代以来,全省县城经     

工业化进程中信息产业对产业结构变动的作用

从信息产业的内部结构入手,就其在工业化不同阶段对产业结构的影响进行深入、立体的分析。得出如下结论：工业化初期国家的信息产业发展处于被动局面,信息产业对产业结构的影响效果微弱;工业化中期国家的信息产业对其产业结构的影响是准全面的;工业化后期国家的信息产业对其产业结构的作用是深入的、全面的变革。在此分析基础上进一步指出,处于不同工业化进程的国家,其信息产业优化的产业结构路径应该从各自的产业结构现状出发以信息产业的发展阶段为依据来制订。     

广东欠发达地区工业化进程比较研究

广东欠发达地区由于受到自然条件和社会历史条件的限制,工业发展水平低,工业化进程缓慢,经济发展远远落后于珠三角地区。从人均国内生产总值、产业结构、就业结构、城乡结构等方面对广东欠发达地区与珠三角地区的工业化进程进行对比分析,说明欠发达地区工业化所处阶段。     

把握产业兴衰规律推进西部产业发展

良好的产业结构是经济发展的必然产物,也是经济长期稳定、持续发展的有力保证。改革开放以来,西部地区经济发展上了一个新台阶,西部的产业结构也逐步从一个以农业为主的传统农牧经济形态进入到工业化的初期阶段。但是随着西部大开发战略的实施,产业结构中许多深层次矛盾和问题凸显出来,如农业产业发展滞后,工业产业提升缓慢,科技产业、第三产业比重偏低等等。如何依据产业兴衰的规律适时调整产业结构,从而推动产业结构升级,促进经济持续发展就成了今后较长时期西部开发的战略重点。一、产业兴衰替代是产业结构由低级到高级不断演变…     

西北五省区新型工业化水平综合分析

一、引言西部地区是我国经济发展的薄弱环节,特别是随着沿海地区经济发展战略的推行,东西部差距进一步扩大。西部的工业化水平明显落后于东部,没有西部地区的工业化就不可能有全国的现代化。因此,对西部地区的新型工业化水平进行综合的比较研究,可以准确把握各地区的特点,掌握各地区推进新型工业化的方式,对于制定科学的发展战略具有极大的现实意义。二、构建新型工业化指标体系传统的工业化水平主要是从经济发展水平、产业结构、就业结构和城市化水平等方面进行衡量的,没有体现可持续发展的原则,特别是忽视了工业化进程中环境质量、资源消…     

西部后发地区新型工业化发展路径与管理创新关系研究--以贵州省为例

贵州省作为西部后发地区和中国经济发展最落后的省份之一,其工业化基础薄弱,因此贵州省提出了“工业强省”的发展战略,力争走出一条依靠人才、科技、创新等为支撑的新型绿色工业化道路。通过对当前贵州省工业化发展所处的阶段及存在的主要问题进行剖析,提出在新时期西部后发地区工业化进程中,以“管理创新”加快新型工业化进程的具体措施。     

创新型区域工业化发展的探索——评赵曦著《中国四川工业化发展研究》

四川省在中国西部地区和长江流域经济开发中具有极为重要的政治、经济、社会和生态地位.依靠新型工业化发模式加快四川工业化进程、建设西部经济强省是21世纪初期四川省区域经济社会发面临的极为艰巨、复杂且十分紧迫的重大现实任务.     

中国制造业产业结构演进的区域分异与环境效应

文章应用全局主成分分析方法(GPCA),基于地级行政单元数据分析了2001—2008年中国制造业产业空间分布演进趋势,结果表明:东南沿海核心区率先推进产业结构优化,产业结构向深加工化和技术密集化发展;北部沿海核心区的产业结构优化滞后于东南沿海核心区;中部地区的产业结构演进处于从重化工化向加工化过渡的阶段;西部地区产业发展主要集中于重点开发区域,产业结构演进尚处于工业化初期阶段。文章进一步检验了制造业产业结构演进和产业转移对各地区环境污染的影响,发现制造业转入会加剧地区环境污染。不同类型的产业转移对环境污染的影响不同,日用消费品产业、农业资源型产业、重化工业的转入会显著加剧地区污染物排放,而技术密集型产业和耐用消费品产业的转入则会减缓本地污染排放的增加,但作用在统计上并不显著。     

Pleasure and belief in Hume's Decision Process

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce explicitly pleasure and belief in what aims at being a Humean theory of decision, like the one developed in Diaye and Lapidus (2005a). Although we support the idea that Hume was in some way a hedonist – evidently different from Bentham's or Jevons' way – we lay emphasis less on continuity than on the specific kind of hedonism encountered in Hume's writings (chiefly the Treatise, the second Enquiry, the Dissertation, or some of his Essays). Such hedonism clearly contrasts to its standard modern inheritance, expressed by the relation between preferences and utility.

The reason for such a difference with the usual approach lies in the mental process that Hume puts to the fore in order to explain the way pleasure determines desires and volition. Whereas pleasure is primarily, in Hume's words, an impression of sensation, it takes place in the birth of passions as reflecting an idea of pleasure, whose “force and vivacity” is precisely a “belief”, transferred to the direct passions of desire or volition that come immediately before action. As a result, from a Humean point of view, “belief” deals with decision under risk or uncertainty, as well as with intertemporal decision and indiscrimination problems.

The latter are explored within a formal framework, and it is shown that the relation of pleasure is transformed by belief into a non-empty class of relations of desire, among which at least one is a preorder.     

Globalization,Neoliberalism and the attack on social security

Neoliberal political movements advocate privatization of public pension systems. Globalization imposes pressure on nations to conform to neoliberal policy views with respect to the design and structure of social insurance, including public pension systems. The paper begins with an investigation of the economic, ethical and ideological dimensions of the privatization debates in the U.S.; it argues that privatization advocates may be largely moved by ideology, since the other reasons advanced appear weak or unfounded. The second part discusses the history of Social Security, the purposes for its creation, and some of its economic effects. Differences between public and private pension systems are considered. A brief international comparison of some aspects of public pension system finance and benefit structures is presented. The final section considers the ethical, macroeconomic and distributional implications of privatization, prefunding and payroll tax funding, and argues for a pay as you go system financed with income taxes. In order to promote equity, economic security, community, and social cohesion, public pension systems should be universal in coverage. In order to reduce the inequality, income insecurity, and aged poverty generated by market economies, public pension systems ought to be progressive: benefit/contribution ratios should be inversely proportional to income, and progressive income taxes should finance the system. To promote economic growth, the systems should be financed on a pay-as-you-go basis, and should not be prefunded except for an emergency reserve. The fiscal policy recommendations partially depend upon the theory developed by Abba Lerner in the 1940s, and recently advanced by Wynne Godley and Randy Wray: Lerner's “principle of functional finance.”     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Perspective on the Economic Evolution of the European Union States Under the Impact of the Pandemic and Financial-Economic Crisis

The European Union,which is at the beginning of its term of office for all Member States in the European Parliament,the European Commission,its governing body a...     

Interest on reserves and inflation

The payment of interest on reserves has been a common practice in inflationary economies. This policy may seem paradoxical since it involves returning part of the seigniorage, generated by the inflation process, with the intention to finance the fiscal deficit. This paper argues that the motivation for this policy can be captured by the discretionary regime, where the policymaker pays interest on reserves because he is concerned with the erosion of real liquidity by inflation, which is in part beyond his control. However, this policy is an unlikely outcome in the commitment regime, where the policymaker is in full control of inflation.     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.