中国企业跨国并购的战略目标与经营绩效:基于A股市场的评价

根据战略目标的不同,中国企业的跨国并购可分为战略资源类并购和创造性资产类并购,如何评价战略目标与经营绩效的关系成为亟待解决的现实问题。本文以A股上市公司的跨国并购公告为切入点,通过事件研究发现:无论是战略资源类并购,还是以先进技术、知名品牌等创造性资产为目标的并购,总体上都获得了市场的积极评价,公告日附近的累计异常收益率高达5.22%。这意味着投资者预期中国企业的跨国并购能够成功地创造协同效应。并购公司实际控制人的国有性质以及并购目标的战略资源资产能够让市场对并购绩效产生更加积极的评价,并且管理层的能力表现越强,预期其创造的协同价值越大。     

中国上市公司定向增发公告效应的影响因素研究--基于事件研究法的实证分析

上市公司定向增发公告效应的存在,不利于证券市场的健康稳定发展,应深入揭示定向增发公告效应的影响因素,以此来规范上市公司定向增发制度。在分析中国上市公司定向增发的现状及其动因的基础上,运用事件研究法选取2012-2013年度286家上市公司定向增发事件作为样本,对上市公司定向增发公告效应的影响因素进行了实证分析。研究表明定向增发公告效应与增发规模、增发价格折扣率、增发目的存在正相关性,与净资产收益率、股东权益比率不存在显著相关性,以此为依据给出了规范中国上市公司定向增发制度的政策建议。     

跨国并购和国内并购对企业市场价值的影响及差异:来自中国企业的证据

文章利用2004~2015年BVD(Zephyr)的并购事件研究了中国企业跨国并购和国内并购对企业市场价值影响的差异。事件研究得到以下结论:第一,在公告日窗口两类并购都获得了非负异常收益率,且国内并购的异常收益率不低于跨国并购。第二,分跨国并购目标国来看,如果并购发达国家企业,则获得了非负异常收益率,且两类并购对企业市场价值的影响无显著差异;如果并购发展中国家企业,则没有显著异常收益率,且不高于国内并购。第三,从细分行业来看,高新技术行业的跨国并购没有获得显著异常收益率,且不高于国内并购;无论是传统制造业还是非制造业,国内并购都获得了非负异常收益率,且不低于跨国并购。在此基础上文章利用倾向得分匹配法和倍差法检验了跨国并购与国内并购对企业异常收益率影响的差异,研究发现国内并购创造的市场价值明显高于跨国并购。因此,市场对中国企业的国内并购做出了更加积极的评价。     

并购经验、企业性质与海外并购的外来者劣势

中国企业的海外并购常常面临显著的外来者劣势。文章从外来者劣势的视角,以并购经验、企业所有制和企业所属行业这三个因素为调节变量,研究了并购经验、企业性质对于外来者劣势与中国企业海外并购绩效之间关系的影响。文章选取2003～2015年319家中国上市公司海外并购样本,构建并购绩效综合评价指标进行了实证检验。研究发现:第一,外来者劣势对于海外并购绩效产生了负向影响,其中只有来自规制合法性缺失的外来者劣势显著。第二,企业海外并购经验能减少外来者劣势对于企业海外并购绩效的不利影响。第三,相对于民营企业,国有企业的所有制性质可以弱化外来者劣势对于海外并购绩效的影响。相对于制造业,服务业企业的性质可以弱化外来者劣势对海外并购绩效的影响。     

上市公司现金股利信号传递效应研究——基于我国汽车行业上市公司的实证分析

以我国汽车行业2008年披露现金股利公告的43家上市公司为样本,采用事件研究法研究其现金股利公告对公司股价的影响.研究发现,在现金股利公告期间样本公司会产生显著的超额收益和累计超额收益,说明现金股利公告对市场有信号传递效应;样本公司平均累计超额收益率均为负值,说明纯现金股利政策不受我国资本市场欢迎.     

企业海外收购动因会影响股权选择吗?——兼谈企业盈利能力的调节效应

本文基于BVD-Zephyr全球并购交易数据库,采用2001—2016年中国上市公司海外并购交易数据,从国际商务理论尤其是资源基础观角度重点剖析企业海外并购动因对股权选择的影响,并探讨了盈利能力对两者关系的调节作用。研究结果表明,企业海外并购动因对股权选择有显著影响,相对于战略资产寻求动因的企业,具有海外市场开拓动因的企业倾向于较高的股权并购比例;进而发现,在并购整合过程中,盈利能力显著地调节了企业海外并购动因与股权选择之间的关系,即与战略资产寻求动因的企业相比,具有海外市场开拓动因的企业随着企业盈利能力的不断提升,其股权并购比例较高的行为会被显著削弱;最后,本文还对企业性质、行业差异以及目标方区位等因素进行了分组检验,发现企业盈利能力对并购动因与股权选择之间关系的调节效应在不同情境下表现出一定程度的分化。本文的研究为中国企业做出科学、合理的海外并购的股权选择决策提供理论指导,并为国际学术界提供中国的经验证据。     

我国上市公司股票回购公告效应影响因素研究

本文以2007年1月1日至2011年3月15日期间我国A股市场发生的股票回购公告(董事会决议公告)事件为研究对象,对上市公司股票回购公告效应的影响因素进行探析。研究发现,市场对股票回购公告的反应积极,股价在公告日前后产生显著为正的超常收益率;股价被低估程度、财务杠杆、公司治理结构、公司成长性以及公司规模对股票回购公告效应有着正向影响。     

我国上市公司发行可转换债券的公告效应实证研究

本文运用事件研究法,考察了我国上市公司发行可转换债券的公告效应。研究发现,A股市场上可转换债券的发行公告日及其前一个交易日的两日累积异常收益为负,但不显著,这与美国显著为负的公告效应有所差异。本文认为,我国对于上市公司发行可转换债券所规定的带有"奖优"性质的资格标准以及资本市场的不够成熟,是造成这种差异的主要原因。     

上市公司设立并购基金的信号效应研究

本文以 2011 年至 2016 年上市公司设立并购基金的事件为样本,运用事件研究法对上市 公司设立并购基金的信号效应进行研究,并进一步分析影响信号效应的影响因素。研究结果表明: 上市公司设立并购基金向市场传递了积极信号,在窗口期内能产生显著为正的市场反应。进一步的, 并购基金规模越大、上市公司在并购基金中出资比例越高以及并购类型为相关型并购时,并购基 金设立的短期市场反应越强。     

海外并购对公司财务表现影响研究

近些年来,并购己成为中国企业尤其是上市公司做强做大和对海外进行规模扩张的强有力工具,并购浪潮一浪高过一浪。综观我国上市公司并购事件,我们可以发现,某些并购产生了积极的效应,也表现出良好的财务收益;某些并购就不尽如意,可谓损失惨痛。并购真的可以给企业带来良好的收益和财务表现吗?面对未来的不确定性因素我们又做了哪些准备工作呢?如果没有良好的财务表现我国上市公司是否仍选择进行并购呢?上市公司并购的动因初期我国企业并购实际是一种企业破产的替代机制和对亏损企业的扭亏机制,限于初期我国政府对部分企业的保     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

On the Major Transformation of the Asia-Pacific Regional Structure北大核心CSSCISSCI

Recent years have witnessedsignificant changes in the Asia-Pacific regionalstructure featuring the shift in power balance among related countries as well as adjust-ments in their respective regional strategies. So what is the prevailing trend in thistransformation and what kind of regional order will likely emerge in the future？ To an-swer these questions, the paper tries to explore the following dimensions： the evolvingregional context, shift in power balance and power conversion, geo-political and geo-e-conomic developments and interactions between them, and evolving regional order. Asthe study shows, the broadening of regional geographical scope, the rise in the numberof actors involved, as well as changesin the relations among them, have combined tocast a pluralistic and complex flavor to the regional structure. While the power balanceamong China, the United States and Japan shifts, and power conversion is also occur-ring. China and Japan are paying increasing attention to their security roles, whereasthe United States under the Obama administration laid more stress on expanding itsgeo-economic clout. In spite of the intensifying geopolitical competition among China,the United States and Japan in recent years, a Sino-US strategic compromise-whichholds the key to regional geopolitics-isother front, some kind of geo-economicmore likely to take place in the future. On thecooperation will probably emerge. In the longerterm, it will be the geo-economic trend thatwill prevail over the geopolitical trend inthe region. Finally, the future evolution of regional order wiI1 mainly follow the eco-nomic logic, accompanied by the dilutionof its hegemonic and hierarchical nature.Hence, a pluralistic and complex regional community will emerge.     

For Better or for Worse? Local Impacts of the Decentralization of Indonesia’s Forest Sector

This paper quantifies the local impacts of mechanized logging on forest-dependent communities in Indonesia, before and after decentralization. A conceptual framework incorporates financial, social, enforcement, rent-seeking, and environmental impacts. Using data from 60 communities in East Kalimantan, the empirical results suggest that significantly more households received financial and in-kind benefits after decentralization compared to before. Many communities engaged in self-enforcement activities against firms both before and after decentralization. Post-decentralization, a significantly higher proportion of households perceived community forest ownership. There were few significant differences in perceived environmental impacts. Little evidence exists of a post-decentralization trade-off between environmental and financial contractual provisions.     

以资本管理为核心的银行治理综合评价指标研究

商业银行的特殊性体现在风险性、外部性和多重治理目标上，尤其集中体现在风险管理的本质上。风险管理日益成为现代商业银行的主体活动和核心职能，资本管理成为现代商业银行风险管理的核心。在整合EVA和RAROC指标的基础上。文章构建了以资本管理为核心的银行治理的综合评价指标，以求真实反映银行经营的成果，有效衡量风险收益和风险成本的对比关系，从而反映以资本管理为核心的银行风险管理的过程、能力和效率。     

Organization and incentives in the age of sail

The British Navy in the age of sail was the most successful bureaucracy of its time. Its organization and incentive structures differed importantly from contemporaneous private sailing ventures, but closely resembled those of today’s large corporations. To induce efficient effort, the navy used a hierarchical tournament, in which sailors competed for higher pay that came with promotions based on relative performance. Promotion probabilities, the option value of future promotions, and the higher effort required of men in higher ranks and on larger vessels, combined to yield a highly skewed pay structure.     

The German Hanse and Bergen – new perspectives on an old subject

Abstract

The Hanseatic League and her kontors (trading posts) were an integral part of the medieval trade system in Northern Europe. Hanse merchants dominated many markets in this region and managed to maintain a monopoly-like role in towns like Novgorod and Bergen for many centuries. Consequently, one focus of historical research about the Hanseatic League lay on the mechanisms that enabled the Hanse merchants to keep that strong of a position for such a long time.

This article is part of the discussion about this topic. Based on Lübeck merchants with business interest in the Norwegian town of Bergen, the so-called Bergenfahrers (Bergen travellers), it will give new insights into the Hansards' economical and social organization. The three main points are (a) the integration of the Bergen market in the Hanseatic trade network as an intermediary trading place on the vivid East–West route of Hanse trade; (b) the importance of the Bergenfahrers within the Hanse merchants' economical, social and political networks; and (c) the structure of the Bergenfahrers network patterns in the late Middle Ages.

In addition to new insights into the important role of Bergen and the Bergenfahrers within Lübeck's and the other Wendish Hanse towns' trading system, this articles provides further proof for the usefulness of the methods of Social Network Analysis in medieval economic research.     

Markteintrittstiming von Telekommunikationsdiensteanbietern

Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Studie analysiert für 87 Neuprodukteinführungen (NPE) und Auslandsmarkteintritte (AME) von Telekommunikations(TK)-Diensteanbietern in Deutschland, zu denen 42 Schlüsselinformanten in einer schriftlichen Befragung Auskunft gaben, (1) inwieweit deren zeitliche Eintrittspositionierung durch Marktcharakteristika und Unternehmensressourcen erkl?rbar ist sowie (2) inwieweit und gegebenenfalls unter welchen unternehmensexternen und -internen Situationsbedingungen deren Markteintrittstiming mit dem wahrgenommenen Eintrittserfolg assoziiert ist. Ein früher Markteintritt wurde dann realisiert, wenn die Wettbewerbsintensit?t im adressierten Gesch?ft niedrig und das Budget für den Expansionsschritt überdurchschnittlich ausfielen. Zwischen dem Markteintrittstiming und der Beurteilung des Eintrittserfolgs bestand ein nicht monotoner, umgekehrt U-f?rmiger Zusammenhang: Frühe Folger wiesen signifikant bessere Erfolgswerte auf als Pioniere und sp?te Folger, deren Erfolgsniveaus nicht signifikant divergierten. In einer Industrie, die durch starke externe Netzeffekte gepr?gt ist, fallen offenbar die Nachteile eines Markteintritts als Pionier oder sp?ter Folger st?rker ins Gewicht als die Vorteile dieser beiden zeitlichen Eintrittspositionierungen. Unabh?ngig vom Markteintrittstiming wurden NPE/AME von TK-Unternehmen als erfolgreicher eingestuft, wenn sie sich in einen Markt mit stark wachsender Nachfrage und aufeinander abgestimmt (re)agierenden Wettbewerbern mit qualitativ überdurchschnittlichen, abw?rtskompatiblen, erprobbaren und wenig erkl?rungsbedürftigen TK-Diensten engagierten.      

Financial Reporting and Trade Credit: Evidence from Mandatory IFRS Adoption*

We investigate the effect of mandatory IFRS adoption on trade credit. We document that firms in countries that adopt IFRS receive more trade credit from their suppliers, consistent with improved financial reporting quality and comparability playing a role in facilitating informal financing. This increase is larger for countries with a low level of societal trust, a poor pre‐IFRS‐adoption information environment, and stronger legal enforcement. These cross‐sectional results suggest that the conditions under which higher‐quality information is made publicly available affect suppliers' decisions to provide trade credit. This increase is also larger for firms with greater exposure to foreign markets, a finding that highlights the importance of more comparable international financial reporting standards in facilitating cross‐country trade credit. We also find that IFRS adoption has a stronger positive effect on trade credit for firms with greater liquidity needs. Finally, we find that firms in countries that adopt IFRS also extend more trade credit to their customers. Overall, our results support the notion that financial reporting can have a causal effect on trade credit.