我国对外直接投资的区位选择及策略

我国对外直接投资虽起步较晚,但发展迅猛。在快速增长的对外直接投资过程中,研究对外直接投资的区位选择,即企业到何处去投资是要解决的关键问题之一。     

浙江对外直接投资的国别区位选择

经过改革开放20余年的发展,浙江经济开放度日益增大,而探寻其经济持续发展的市场空间已成为浙江企业发展和地区宏观经济发展的重要课题。笔者认为,通过对外直接投资加快浙江经济国际化将是浙江开放经济发展的一个重要战略,也是浙江企业通过国际化经营迅速扩张的重要途径,而对外直接投资国别区位的正确选择是影响企业跨国发展和地区宏观经济持续发展成功与否的主要决策之一。     

我国铜矿企业对外直接投资区位选择分析

世界上铜矿资源分布很不均衡、铜资源竞争比较激烈。投资区位选择直接关系到我国铜矿企业对外直接投资的成败。本文分析了我国铜矿企业对外直接投资区位分布现状,指出了存在的问题,探讨了铜资源丰裕国家的具体投资环境,并对我国铜矿企业的对外投资区位选择提出了建议。     

经济全球化新形势下中国企业对外直接投资的区位选择

文章从中国企业对外直接投资区位选择的新特点及其成因出发,分析了影响中国企业对外直接投资区位选择的东道国环境因素。文章在对非洲国家、拉美国家、欧美发达国家、韩国及俄罗斯等新兴经济体典型案例进行剖析的基础上指出,中国企业对外直接投资的区位选择在很大程度上取决于企业投资动机和东道国环境。因此,必须准确定位投资类型,加强事前研究并接受适当的前期辅导,以便进行风险预判,防范可能遭遇的投资风险。     

对外直接投资的区位类型

区位选择类型与跨国公司对外投资的动因紧紧相关,具有不同战略目标的跨国公司,其对外投资的区位类型也不相同。     

我国企业对外直接投资的区位选择研究

企业在进行对外直接投资的过程中,首先要做出正确的区位选择,这直接关系到企业的国际生产布局。但从我国企业对外直接投资的现状来看,区位选择问题常常被忽视,而使得投资利润较低甚至失败。本文基于我国企业对外直接投资区位选择的现状与特点,对区位选择的环境进行了分析,并通过引力模型对投资区位的选择进行了实证研究,提出了相应的对策建议,对我国企业对外直接投资区位选择提供了一定的参考。     

东道国疫情与中国对外直接投资区位选择

在剖析东道国疫情影响中国OFDI区位选择机理的基础上,利用跨国疫情链接数据集实证检验东道国疫情对中国OFDI流向的影响,结果显示东道国疫情暴发显著阻碍了中国OFDI的流入,且该结果在多种模型设定及考虑内生性的条件下依然稳健。机制检验表明,疫情主要通过抬高交易成本、增大投资风险及阻滞东道国出口三重机制对中国OFDI区位选择产生负向影响。研究亦证实由疫情引发的OFDI阻碍效应在与疫情自身特质、投资特征及东道国时空分异三者的互动中表现出广泛异质性。     

对外直接投资的区位类型

对外直接投资（简称为FDI）的迅猛发展是20世纪90年代以来全球经济生活中的头等大事,它开始取代国际贸易成为世界经济中新的发动机,成为推动经济全球化的主导力量,而国际间对于FDI的争夺也日趋白热化,研究对外直接投资的区位类型,掌握其一般特点,对于我国大力吸引外资以及目前正在实施的“走出去”战略均具有重要的现实意义。     

对外投资：产业选择和区位选择相结合

本文提出我国对外直接投资的产业选择必须和区位选择相结合,既要充分发挥现有比较优势,也要注重潜在竞争优势培育的新思路。     

我国上市公司使用外商直接投资的绩效研究

针对近年来中国利用外商直接投资的规模不断扩大和速度增长快速的现状,研究外商直接投资的流入对公司层面的绩效的作用。本文将从中国上市公司总体中随机选取75个上市公司为研究样本,通过构建衡量公司绩效的财务指标体系,运用因子分析法研究FDI对公司具体绩效的影响。最后,本文得出外商直接投资对公司的整体绩效,尤其是在运营方面,有着明显提高效应的分析结论。     

The role of foreign direct investment in Indonesia's manufacturing exports

This article examines whether foreign direct investment (FDI) has contributed to the changing structure of Indonesia's manufacturing exports. It uses industry-level data from 1990 to 2008, classified by factor intensity. Our analysis reveals that FDI promotes exports in most panel observations, especially exports from physical-capital-intensive (PCI), human-capital-intensive (HCI) and technology-intensive (TI) industries. Yet by applying a differentiated cross-section-effect model, we determine that the export-generating potential of FDI is stronger in PCI, HCI and TI industries than in natural-resource-intensive or unskilled-labour-intensive industries, in which Indonesia has a comparative advantage. We also assess the influence of other determinants of export performance – namely, private domestic capital investment, GDP growth and exchange rates. Our findings have implications for policymakers seeking to sustain Indonesia's export performance.     

Factors Influencing FDI Location Choice in China＇s Inland Areas

Since 1978, the bulk of foreign direct investment （FDI） has gone to the south-eastern coastal areas in China, with only a small portion received inland. With the launch of the Western Development Strategy in 2000 and the Central China Rising Strategy in 2004, the choice of investment locations has expanded to inland areas. Based on panel data covering 98 inland cities from 1999 to 2005, this study identifies location preference variables for FDI invested in China＇s inland areas, and finds that well-established factors such as natural resources and low labor costs are not important factors in determining FDI locations within China＇s inland. Instead, policy incentives and industrial agglomeration are the most important factors. The findings of the present study have policy implications for both host country authorities and multinational corporations.     

Vertical intra-industry trade and foreign direct investment in East Asia

As economic integration in East Asia progresses, trade patterns within the region are displaying an ever-greater complexity: Though inter-industry trade still accounts for the majority, its share in overall trade is declining. Instead, intra-industry trade (IIT), which can be further divided into horizontal IIT (HIIT) and vertical IIT (VIIT), is growing in importance.In this paper, we set out to measure and examine vertical intra-industry trade patterns in the East Asian region and compare these with the results of previous studies focusing on the EU, to which such analyses so far have been confined. Based on the supposition that VIIT is closely related to offshore production by multinational enterprises, we then develop a model to capture the main determinants of VIIT that explicitly includes the role of FDI. The model is tested empirically using data from the electrical machinery industry. The findings support our hypothesis, showing that FDI plays a significant role in the rapid increase in VIIT in East Asia seen in recent years. J. Japanese Int. Economies 17 (4) (2003) 468–506.     

对我国中小企业对外直接投资问题的若干思考

利用外资和对外投资是对外开放的两个具体方面,中小企业在我国国民经济中占有重要的地位,中小企业的对外直接投资是我国对外直接投资的重要方面,对我国社会经济的发展具有重要的意义。本文论述了我国中小企业对外投资相对优势、存在的问题,并提出了相应的对策建议。     

The impact of exchange rate risk on the foreign direct investment of U.S. multinational manufacturing companies

This paper extends the examination of the effects of exchange rate risk on the foreign direct investment decision of U.S. multinationals in manufacturing. It does so by explicitly developing a model which incorporates exchange rate risk into the objective function of the firm and tests the model on cross-sectional data over the years 1974 to 1977 for investment in both developed and less developed countries. These are the only years for which data on all crucial variables are available. In all cases the risk aversity hypothesis was substantiated and the same model was appropriate for both developed and less developed countries.     

论中国对外直接投资产业战略选择

本文通过对中国对外直接投资产业选择的现状分析,结合我国社会经济发展的需要及我国产业国际竞争力的现实条件,提出今后我国企业在对外直接投资中的产业战略。     

长三角地区吸引外国直接投资的引资竞争分析

文章对中国吸引外商直接投资(FD I)的典型地区—长三角的引资竞争进行分析。首先,利用长三角地区FD I流入的相关数据,深入分析了该地区引资竞争概况,指出从吸引外资总额与实际利用外资额上看,长三角地区自改革开发以来到20世纪90年代一直保持了良好的增长势头,但在2004年由于各种原因出现了普遍的下降。从外商投资方式来看,外商独资经营方式己在长三角地区占据主导地位,合资经营与合作经营方式己逐渐退居二线。随后,本文对长三角外商直接投资区位变迁从引资竞争上进行了理论上的分析,认为这种竞争会带来两种效应———积极效应与消极效应。针对过度引资竞争所导致的问题给出了两点政策建议:a.引资竞争措施应从单纯政策优惠转向投资环境竞争力提升;b.引资竞争要发挥比较优势,实现优势互补、走向竞合。     

广东省对外直接投资影响因素的实证分析

本文利用近几年的数据对广东省对外直接投资的影响因素进行了计量分析。结果表明,广东省的对外直接投资正处于投资发展周期从第二阶段向第三阶段过渡的时期,对外直接投资逐渐从偶发性的投资变为经常性、较大规模的投资。而且其对外直接投资与出口贸易的目的地有较高的重合性,且偏好对人均收入较高、自然资源较丰富的国家进行投资。