生物质利用技术进展

生物质(Biomass)是一切能够利用绿色植物光合作用所形成的有机化合物,生物质固废是人类在利用生物质的过程中生产和消费产生的废弃物,它本质上仍然属于生物质。我国生物质固废的主要特点为量大、分布广、利用率低、开发潜力大以及环境治理迫切度高。随着不可再生能源的枯竭及环境污染逐渐严重,生物质能源的利用技术需要尽快发展。本文从能源化、饲料化、肥料化、材料化四个方面对生物质利用技术进行了总结,重点论述了生物质能源化利用技术,探讨了各类生物质利用技术目前的发展状况。     

碱性废水处理及回收利用研究进展

回顾了碱性废水的处理工艺与综合利用技术所取得的成果,总结了多种治理方法的特点、适用性及发展方向.其中膜分离技术和Fe-Cu催化氧化法被认为是处理碱性废水的具有前景的方法.     

浅谈利用JSP技术设计网上书店系统

本文描述了JSP技术的特点以及在互联网上的使用情况，介绍这种技术的重要编程方法，并完成了一个基于这种技术的网上书店电子商务系统。     

利用数据挖掘技术提升企业核心竞争力

文章阐述了数据挖掘技术的概念与基本任务,分析了企业核心竞争力的知识特征,并详细地论述了利用数据挖掘技术提升企业核心竞争力的方法和途径.     

芦笋秸秆废弃物资源化利用技术开发

介绍了芦笋秸秆废弃物资源化利用技术。将芦笋秸秆粉碎后接种有效微生物菌群进行固体发酵,用于养殖蚯蚓。该技术对秸秆饲料的开发有一定的应用价值。     

利用全球资源推动自主创新

近年来,技术全球化正在成为经济全球化的重要表现形式,科技创新资源在全球范围内的整合和有效配置,使得传统的科研组织结构和创新方式发生了重大变化。特别是生产要素的全球配置,促进了科学和技术知识在全球范围内的流动,形成了技术创新收益的溢出,从而为发展中国家     

厦门市厨余垃圾再生利用的实践

厦门市对于厨余垃圾的再生利用主要开展了三种模式,一是采用生物转化技术,利用厨余垃圾生产有机肥或生物肥料"蚯蚓粪";二是采用微生物处理技术,把厨余垃圾分解成二氧化碳、水和极少量的有机残余物;三是采用生化技术,利用废油脂生产工业原料油脂及深加工产品.厦门市在厨余垃圾的再生利用方面已经初步形成了以企业为主体、多种技术综合应用的社会化运营模式.     

利用技术经济学原理控制工程造价

工程建设领域受计划经济的影响存在着严重的技术与经济相分离的现象。本文以国家重点技改工程——中州铝厂"强化烧结法"工程和中州铝厂技改工程为例,从设计方案立项、施工组织与设计、概预算及施工图预算三个方面论述了技术经济学原理在控制工程造价方面的重要作用。因此社会当前最迫切需要解决的是如何控制工程造价以提高经济效益,在工程建设中,把技术与经济相结合,力求做到"技术上先进、经济上合理"。     

牦牛血液资源化利用技术的可行性研究

以屠宰牦牛产生大量的血液作为特色资源，提出利用牦牛血液制取免疫蛋白技术，并对该项目技术的可行性和综合效益进行了分析。     

利用工业废渣生产免烧砖

利用工业废渣，采用免烧砖专利生产技术生产新的墙体材料，改变了传统的粘土烧砖的做法，既节约了土地，又保护了环境，且创造了社会、经济效益，是物资再生与综合利用的成功经验。     

Prospects of Economic Development in Russia

An overview has been given of the key themes that define the socioeconomic development of Russia today. Different aspects of today’s Russian economic policy have been analyzed and its shortcomings have been determined. The potential for economic growth has been assessed. Issues associated with financing the economy and interest rates on loans have been discussed. The role of high technologies and digitization in the economy has been reviewed. Proposals have been formulated for renewing national economic policy.     

Analysis of the status and trends of applications of advanced manufacturing technologies in Russia

The article has analyzed trends in applying advanced manufacturing technologies in Russia in 2005–2014. The dynamics of technical process structures in the context of applications has been considered. The dynamics of the age structure and the structure of technologies in use in annual terms by the place of acquiring has been assessed. The start-up, availability, and removal balance of technologies has been formed, the effective start-up level, and possible ways to improve the state statistical indicators of innovation development have been determined.     

Russian Companies at the End of 2017: Absence of Significant General Economic Changes and Progress in the Machinery Industry

The results of a regular poll of Russian companies in the real sector carried out by the Institute of Economic Forecasting of the Russian Academy of Sciences have been analyzed and commented on. The companies’ opinions on which macroeconomic problems in modern Russia they consider to be the most urgent have been presented. The data has been given on the methods the companies use to solve their production, financial, and marketing problems, as well as on the frequency of using these methods. The companies’ answers to questions on how mutual sanctions between the West and Russia have affected their activities have been considered for the fourth time. The estimates of the companies on the quality of the Russian machines and equipment, as well as a comparison of the quality of the Russian equipment with foreign analogs have been presented. The opinions of companies on the economic policy of the regional authorities have been studied. Information about the character and level of cooperation between the Russian companies and banks has been given. The current situation with provision of the companies with the labor resources has been presented.     

Relation of Uncertainty in Fluctuations of Energy Commodity Demand and Prices to Forecasting Timeframe

Several Russian and foreign forecasts of energy industry development have been analyzed that were made in various years for up to 20–25 years. The extent and type of temporal variations in uncertainty ranges of forecast indexes in Russia and worldwide have been studied. The indexes include fluctuations of energy commodity prices, electricity and fuel production and consumption, etc. The calculated data have been given. The relations of uncertainty ranges of different indexes to the change in the considered timeframe have been constructed.     

Forecast of energy consumption of vehicles

The levels of energy consumption of passenger automobiles in different countries around the world have been considered, and the main trends in energy consumption have been analyzed. Several proposals have been made on how to improve the current methodological approaches to forecasting the energy consumption in transport. Mid- and long-term forecasts of the demand for traditional and alternative energy sources for passenger automobiles in Europe and Russia have been elaborated.     

Role of instrumental methods of analysis and forecasting for substantiating economic policy

The models that are becoming the most widespread in the modern Russian economy, which are used for the practical substantiation of measures in the sphere of economic policy, have been analyzed in the paper. The key aspects related to the quality characteristics of the practical models have been defined. The gap between statistical data-collection methods has been stated, as well as the theoretical and methodical bases of some model structures. The place of the economic models has been represented in the course of discussion on the prospects of economic development.     

Investment of venture capital in Russia as an important element of transitioning to an innovative economy under sanctions

Features of the development of venture capital markets and factors that affect the venture capital industry in Russia have been analyzed. The main causes of the venture capital market crisis have been examined. Its expected development under the conditions of sanctions and economic decline has been estimated. The role of regional venture funds and imbalances in the innovative development of Russian regions has been considered.     

Evaluation of economic crises using short-term indexes and average indexes of economic security of Russia

A system of short-term indicators of economic security of Russia has been suggested for possible use in predicting the origin of crises. A comparative analysis of the 1998–1999, 2008–2009, and 2014–2015 crises has been performed. The formative premises of the crises and their impact on financial sector, real economy, foreign trade, and social welfare have been considered. A technique of synthesizing average indexes in different projections of economic security system has been suggested, and the particularities of their joint combined dynamics have been considered.     

Some efficiency estimates of federal health programs in terms of high technology application

This paper provides a brief overview of federal programs adopted in the health sector. An analysis of the effectiveness of applying high medical technologies in surgery has been carried out. The dynamics of surgical procedures performed in the hospital both in terms of their types and methods of treatment has been presented. A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of traditional and high-tech methods has been carried out. The prospects of the development of domestic medical equipment have been considered.     

基于绿色GDP的能源发电价格模型及其应用

文章在对绿色GDP的相关理论进行广泛调研的基础上,提出了一种新的能源成本核算指标——效后发电成本来修正传统的能源成本指标,并建立了能源的发电价格模型。对几种不同能源的发电价格进行了估算,为合理评价能源经济性及区域经济协调发展提供了定量参考。