e商学院第三方物流需求的分类研究(上)

<正> 第三方物流是一个新兴行业,在我国,其发展的历程更短,只处于刚刚起步的阶段。但社会各界,无论是学术界,企业界还是政府,都对第三方物流给予了热切关注。这种关注,从东南沿海城市开始逐步蔓延到全国,直到现在形成了一股“第三方物流热”。我国第三方物流是在一定的环境背景和基础条件下产生的,有其必然性。而不同的行业、不同的企业会对第三方物流具有不同的需求,因此,在本文中,我们将对需求的类型进行划分,并对不同行业的不同需求进行分类研究。     

我国物流市场需求供给分析

物流产业在提高区域和其他产业竞争力方面有举足轻重的作用。我国现代物流市场需求按照行业类型的不同，主要来源于工业物流、商业物流、农业物流和高技术产业物流及电子商务物流。其市场需求的功能结构是从需求方的角度出发，需求方的需求趋向多样化，对物流服务提出了更高的要求。     

现代农资物流网络配送中心选址优化

在分析我国农资物流发展现状的基础上,主要从农资需求片区划分和配送中心选址两个方面对农资物流网络进行优化。运用K-means聚类法将农资需求点划分为若干个需求片区;然后基于成本最小的原则,建立农资物流网络配送中心选址模型,利用重心法确定各个需求片区中农资配送中心的位置;最后通过仿真实验进行检验。     

物流行业的银行信贷风险与对策浅析

物流是指物品从供应地向接收地的实体流动过程,根据实际需要,将运输、储存、装卸、搬运、包装、流通加工、配送、信息处理等基本功能实现有机结合,形成完整的供应和需求链,帮助制造企业提高资源利用率和劳动生产率,降低物料采购成本、增加利润。根据以物流服务某项功能为主要特征,并向物流服务其它功能延伸的不同状况,物流企业划分为运输型物流企业、仓储型物流企业、综合服务型物流企业。     

高校驻外科研与转化机构的发展模式研究

阐述了高校驻外科研与转化机构的发展动因和背景,对其基本概念进行了界定,并依据不同的发展功能定位将其划分为不同的类型,最后按照高校驻外科研与转化机构在科技成果转化、孵化和产业化中的作用,对驻外科研与转化机构三种不同的发展模式和道路进行了分析并论述。     

逆向选择与物流服务承诺

虚拟物流市场中的逆向选择是客观存在的现象,企业该采取怎样的营销策略对此进行防范是本文研究的宗旨.本文构建了物流服务信号传递分析模型,认为量化的服务承诺是有效的信号显示,可以把物流企业划分为综合型、功能型、区域型及网络型四种不同类型,并相应各类企业服务承诺制定不同原则.     

环保人士的类别及消费行为分析

近年来,随着环境问题的不断热化,环保人士队伍的不断扩大,以保护生态环境、节约资源消耗为特征的环保消费逐渐成为一种新潮流。按照不同的划分标准,将环保人士划分为四种不同的类型,并对影响环保人士消费行为的因素从个人因素和心理因素两个方面进行了分析。     

大型突发事件应急食品物流成本分析及计算

过去我国针对大型突发事件的紧急救援呈现出不计成本性及生态性的特点。本文认为应急食品物流在考虑社会效益基础上也要考虑生态经济效益,即应确定一种既保证社会效益也最大程度上提高生态经济效益的物流成本界定及分析新视角。本文对相关概念进行了界定,按照物流功能划分角度对应急物流成本进行划分和分析,并提出应急食品物流成本的计算方式。     

中国电子商务与物流的发展问题分类研究

本文考察了当前中国电子商务与物流问题的实际状况,从物质系统、信息系统和管理制度三个角度对我国电子商务与物流面临的九个主要问题进行了大量的调查.基于问题的范围和可能的解决方案的尺度,将问题按照特征划分为基本的、可处理的和难解决的等三种类型.文章认为,在中国,过去存在的许多障碍现在看来只不过是小的"可处理的",采用有效的资源、管理和劳动力投入就能克服;即使在难处理的问题领域也存在指向物流系统知识和应用的满意水平的积极动向.总之,中国将成为一个采用最现代化方式运作的日益理想之地.     

B2B服务分类及其特点

本研究对B2B服务的特殊性进行了分析;按照向最终顾客转移的不同方式,将B2B服务划分为配套型、生产型、经营型3种类型,其中经营型服务还可以依据顾客输入的不同,进一步细分为作业型和管理型2类;提出了进行B2B服务分类的流程,概略地描述了各类B2B服务的过程特点。     

Institutional Interest in Corporate Responsibility: Portfolio Evidence and Ethical Explanation

This study examines the extent to which corporate responsibility influences the demand for shares by institutions. The study follows Bushee (Account Rev 73(3):305–333, 1998) in categorising institutions as dedicated or transient. The demand for shares is organised according to three factors: a long-term factor, corporate responsibility; a short-term factor, market liquidity; and a time-independent factor, portfolio theory. The rank and importance of the factors for the different types of institutional investor are analysed. For one of two types of dedicated institution, corporate responsibility is as important as portfolio theory in influencing the demand for shares. For all dedicated institutions, corporate responsibility influences the demand for shares more than market liquidity. For two of the three types of transient institution, market liquidity is the most important factor in share selection. For all transient institutions, the least important factor is corporate responsibility. Findings suggest that corporate responsibility positively and significantly influences the demand for shares by dedicated institutions. The discussion considers the extent to which these trends are constitutive of significant shifts in ethicality within the context of institutional investment. Looking at this from within a highly institutionalised Anglo market model, dedicated institutions’ commitment to broader and longer-term concerns could be interpreted as a small but significant step towards a more axiologically informed ethical business practice. Such a form of engagement calls for sensitive attention to a fuller range of features deemed to be relevant to investment decisions, as opposed to more narrow reliance on legislation, codes of practice and fiduciary principles.     

Consumer orientations of secondhand fashion shoppers: The role of shopping frequency and store type

As demand for secondhand fashion grows, the objective of this study is to examine consumer orientations of secondhand shoppers to determine whether they differ by shopping frequency, and store type. Hypotheses were developed for orientations of frugality, ecological-consciousness, materialism, nostalgia-proneness, style-consciousness and fashion-consciousness. A quantitative online survey of female-identifying participants (N = 515) was administered. All consumer orientations, except materialism, varied according to secondhand shopping frequency and store type. Orientations generally increased with shopping frequency. Nostalgia-proneness was associated with shopping at thrift stores, ecological-consciousness was associated with consignment stores and markets, and style-consciousness was consistent across shoppers for all store types.     

我国中小企业现实资金需求约束因素分析

中小企业潜在资金需求量极大,但是潜在的需求能否转化成现实需求则受企业自身经营状况,特别是财务状况的约束。企业现实资金需求受以企业历史为依据判断的现时融资能力和企业未来的发展预期两方面因素影响。虽然我国中小企业潜在资金需求量巨大,但现实资金需求能力不高,“中小企业融资难”所要表达的正是存在于潜在与现实之间的巨大缺口。就中小企业自身的制度建设而言,缓解中小企业融资困境需要增强自我积累和提高资金运用能力。     

Corporate taxes and the demand for labor and capital in developing countries

This article provides evidence about the impact of corporate taxation on both labor and capital demand by private companies in a developing economy, using firm level data from Chile. Our results show that higher corporate tax rates reduce not only the demand for capital, but also the demand for labor due to complementarities between both inputs. An interesting element of the results presented in this article is the asymmetry between the effects of taxation according to company size. The impact on labor demand is significantly higher in large corporations than in small enterprises, while the demand for capital is more responsive to corporate tax changes in small firms. We can explain these results based on differences in credit constraints according to firm size.     

基于多因素分析的区域物流需求径向基函数网络预测

对区域物流需求量进行合理、精确地预测,能为政府部门科学制定物流规划、合理配置物流资源提供决策支持和依据。在对影响区域物流需求的多种因素进行全面分析以及物流需求量指标合理选取的基础上,采用径向基函数神经网络构建区域物流需求量的非线性预测模型,并以四川省相关统计数据为基础,对区域物流需求量进行了预测,取得了满意的预测结果。研究表明:该预测模型较全面地反映了区域物流需求量的变化规律,预测精度较高,泛化能力强,预测结果具有较高的可信性。     

中国碳金融服务体系构想

在我国,低碳发展模式已经确立,碳排放交易系统即将推出,相关主体对碳金融服务的需求将极大增加。然而,就目前的情况来看,我国尚未建立健全碳金融服务体系,这恐将成为我国低碳发展的掣肘。本文在梳理碳金融服务相关研究文献的基础上,从资金融通和风险管理两个方面解构碳金融服务需求,并分析了其特点,依据分析结果及我国碳金融服务现状提出了我国碳金融服务体系架构的设想。     

Estimating small-area demand of urban tourist for groceries: The case of Greater London

Tourist retail demand within urban areas brings both opportunities and challenges to the local economy. Taking Greater London as the study area, this paper integrates conventional statistics and survey datasets with novel crowdsourcing big data sources to identify and estimate four types of tourist grocery demand at the small-area scale: travellers staying with Airbnb, tourists using traditional commercial accommodation, guests staying with relatives or friends and day trip visitors. Based on this combined tourist retail demand layer we show the spatial variations at the small-area level and as an illustration of the demand uplift, we estimate additional grocery expenditure that is associated with this tourist demand. Thus, the paper indicates the neighbourhoods with significant grocery demand uplift from tourist stays. We argue that the new retail demand layer has tremendous potential to be used as an additional input to retail location modelling tools to support new store revenue estimation and store performance evaluation within the grocery retail sector.     

Performance of Exporters in an Emerging Economy

This article develops a contingency framework to investigate demand and supply factors to model small and medium exporters in Dubai a fast emerging economy in the Middle East. MNL methodology is used to identify the factors that discriminate three types of exporters: increasing growth; erratic growth, and decreasing growth. Cross sectional data of 179 exporters for the period from 2000–2003 were used for the analysis. Global demand factors followed by limited local market factors and product attributes are found to statistically discriminate the three types of exporters. The study findings have implications on strategies, promotion and marketing actions, capital constraints of exporters besides policy initiative to be taken by the government and regulatory authority.     

通胀预期与货币需求:实际调整与名义调整机制检验

货币存量调整机制一般可分为两类设定方式:实际调整过程和名义调整过程.在实际调整机制下,预期通胀对货币需求没有独立的影响,而在名义调整机制下,通胀预期自然成为货币需求的一个解释变量.通胀预期在货币需求函数中显著可能并不意味着通胀预期直接影响了货币需求,而是表明了部分调整机制的误设.本文根据预期通胀率在货币需求函数中的显著性,比较了货币持有量名义调整和实际调整机制假说对我国的解释能力,认为名义机制比实际机制更好地描述了中国的经验.我们在一个状态空间中联合估计预期通胀以及货币需求方程,避免了传统"两步法"的不足.     

基于物流客户需求模式的物流客户满意策略

本文认为,营销的实质是追求客户满意。追求物流客户满意、提高物流客户价值、使物流客户达到一个较高的满意度水平是物流营销的实质和目标。物流客户的需求受多种因素的影响,通过对物流客户需求内在规律性的分析可以发现物流客户需求模式的客观性。物流客户的需求模式包括三个阶段的内容:其一是刺激部分,即物流需求的产生源自内在动机和外部激励;其二是混合思维过程,该过程受思维者各种客观条件的约束;其三是反应过程,即物流需求者经过思维之后作出对物流服务的各种要求。为根据物流客户需求的特殊性采取相应的物流营销策略,实现物流客户满意,现代物流企业应参与到客户需求产生和决策的过程之中,与客户零距离接触,真正体验并满足客户需求,提高客户忠诚度,最终实现客户满意。