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1.
近年来,巨灾频发,巨灾债券已成为国际公认而又行之有效的巨灾风险转移工具。我国自然灾害多发,全国有2/3的国土面积遭受洪水威胁。因此,在我国发行巨灾债券特别是洪水巨灾债券意义重大。而发行巨灾债券的难点便在于债券的合理定价。本文收集了1961年至2009年我国洪水灾害数据,运用Wang两因素模型对其经验估计分布进行了调整,得出了中国市场上一年期洪水巨灾债券的价格。以期对我国臣灾债券的合理定价有所借鉴。最后,文章针对中国发行洪水巨灾债券的细节方面提出了建议。  相似文献   

2.
通过分析长寿债券的市场发展以及连续型和触发型两类长寿债券的运行机制,采用风险中性定价方法推导出当死亡率服从双指数跳跃(DEJD)分布时,长寿债券的定价解析式,研究发现,无论从理论还是实践看,设计并发行触发型长寿债券是一种应对长寿风险更为明智的选择。  相似文献   

3.
面对世界范围内长寿风险越来越严峻的趋势,长寿风险管理成为全世界面临的共同难题。近年来死亡率风险证券化引起人们的广泛关注,长寿债券作为死亡率风险证券化中最常用的一种方法,可以有效地将长寿风险转移至资本市场。本文通过对国外经典死亡率债券的比较,在离散型死亡率模型假设条件下,设计一支可调整上触碰点的触发型长寿债券,运用带永久跳跃的APC模型和风险立方方法对长寿债券进行定价。实证结果显示风险溢价的结果比较稳定,设置不同的初始上触碰点,风险溢价差异较大。  相似文献   

4.
巨灾债券是巨灾风险转移资本市场上交易最活跃、使用最广泛的金融创新产品。本文创新性的引入资产、负债和利率模型,结合我国地震损失程度和频率分布对我国巨灾债券定价进行了实证研究,并在资产负债管理视角下首次对多风险因素作用下的我国巨灾债券定价进行了量化研究。研究结果表明违约风险、道德风险、基差风险对巨灾债券价格具有显著的影响且其共同作用使巨灾债券价格进一步降低,有效的资产负债管理可以分散上述风险。本文研究对保险公司发行巨灾债券具有精算定价参考作用,同时表明保险公司在发行巨灾债券时应当加强其资产负债管理,以达到规避风险、保障偿付能力的目的。  相似文献   

5.
展凯  刘苏珊  方强 《南方金融》2019,(10):58-66
我国是世界上自然灾害发生较为频繁的国家之一,由于自然灾害的偶发性和不可预测性,往往会带来较大的经济损失和社会危害。巨灾债券作为巨灾风险证券化产品,能够有效弥补巨灾保险的不足,分散巨灾风险,降低巨灾造成的损害,在我国有着广阔的市场前景。巨灾债券进行市场化运营的关键在于定价是否准确。本文利用广东省1983年至2017年间的台风损失数据和1951年至2017年间的台风登陆次数数据,基于非寿险精算和蒙特卡洛模拟方法进行巨灾损失分布和发生次数的拟合,运用Wang两因素模型对台风巨灾债券定价进行实证分析。研究结果表明,巨灾债券价格随着触发概率的下降而上升,保障型债券比无保障型债券价格更高。由上述研究结论带来的启示:第一,建立健全巨灾损失数据库,为巨灾债券定价提供数据支撑;第二,加大财政支持力度,建立巨灾债券融资担保制度;第三,完善相关法律法规和监管制度,为巨灾债券提供制度保障。  相似文献   

6.
艾蔚 《保险研究》2011,(3):36-44
长寿风险已成为养老保障发展所面临的重要风险,而作为养老保障产品供给者的政府、年金和寿险公司等机构难以持续、有效地管理长寿风险。本文在分析长寿风险发展态势和现有管理方案的缺陷后,研究了最近的长寿风险管理工具创新及其发展动向,即死亡率巨灾债券、EIB/BNP长寿债券和远期等,并在此基础上分析了基于资本市场的长寿/死亡率风险相关衍生品设计与交易,包括长寿债券、死亡率互换、死亡率期货和死亡率期权,最后是长寿/死亡率衍生品交易市场建设的启示。  相似文献   

7.
可转换债券定价的经典理论研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
  相似文献   

8.
长寿互换是一种交易双方基于目标人群未来实际生存率和预期生存率之间的差异定期交换现金流的合约。与长寿债券相比,长寿互换具有交易成本低、操作简捷和灵活性高等优势。本文首先阐述了长寿互换的市场发展;其次分析了长寿互换的运行机制;最后推导了基于Wang转换的带触发机制的长寿互换的具体定价解析式。  相似文献   

9.
长寿风险证券化可以把长寿风险转移到资本市场,有效管理养老保险公司的长寿风险。本文主要研究利息率与死亡率挂钩的逆生存债券,研究内容分为死亡率预测与债券定价两个部分。由于投资者对风险的偏好不同,本文利用百分位分层定价法对逆生存债券进行定价。数值分析展示了债券价格随利率变化的情况,共分四个层次,不同的分层对应不同的价格和风险,投资者可以根据自身的风险偏好选择不同的分层债券。最后就养老保险公司在长寿风险证券化方面存在的问题给出相关建议。  相似文献   

10.
长寿风险证券化的理论研究动态   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
国际寿险业在资本市场上尝试进行长寿风险证券化的同时,学术界也不断在探索长寿风险资本市场的创新性解决方案,并已取得了丰硕的理论成果。本文阐述了关于连续型和触发型长寿债券的设计机制及其定价模型的研究成果;分析了长寿互换的设计机制和定价模型的研究进展;梳理了其他长寿风险金融衍生工具的设计机制和定价模型的研究动态。  相似文献   

11.
动态死亡率下个人年金的长寿风险分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
传统的精算定价方法假定死亡率是静态的,实际上死亡率是随时间而变动的具有动态不确定性的变量。在动态死亡率的框架下定量分析长寿风险对于个人年金产品定价的影响:引入Wang转换的风险定价方法度量长寿风险的市场价格,并运用模拟分析的方法分析长寿风险对个人年金定价的影响。最后,基于分析结果,就保险公司如何管理这一风险给出建议。  相似文献   

12.
    
This paper explores the presence of changes of trends or jumps in French mortality from 1947 to 2007, and assesses their implications on the longevity risk management of a life annuity portfolio. We accomplish this by extending the Poisson log-bilinear regression developed by Brouhns et al. (2002) with a regime-switching model. Estimation results show that French mortality is characterized by two distinct regimes. One refers to a strong uncertainty state, which corresponds to the longevity conditions observed during the decade following World War II. The second regime is related to the low volatility of longevity improvements observed during the last 30 years. We use these results to analyze the impact of mortality regimes on the longevity risk management of a life annuity portfolio. Simulation results suggest that the changes of trends in the mortality process have some implications for longevity risk management.  相似文献   

13.
由死亡率下降带来的长寿风险给社会、政治以及经济带来了新的挑战。为了更加准确地对长寿风险进行评估和管理,需要对未来死亡率趋势进行预测。本文针对我国死亡率数据样本量小以及数据存在缺失的实际情况,对Lee-Carter模型进行了改进,通过一个双随机过程对Lee-Carter模型中的时间项进行建模。在模型中考虑了样本量不足对预测结果造成的影响,使得改进后的Lee-Carter模型更加适合目前中国的人口死亡率预测。  相似文献   

14.
通过对信用风险缓释工具定价进行研究得出:(1)CRM定价的主要影响因素包括无风险基准利率,标的债券的风险敞口、违约概率、违约损失率和期限,以及CRM期限等。(2)同期国债利率和央行票据利率作为CRM的基准利率较为恰当,且模型定价对不同期限、不同信用等级的CRM定价区分度较为合理,模型定价与CRM发行交易定价较为接近,适合我国现阶段CRM产品定价。(3)可以从完善CRM定价基础数据库、探索CRM定价无风险基础利率、创新CRM标的债券评级制度、引导CRM市场主体多元化和优化CRM市场做市商制度等方面提出CRM定价优化对策。  相似文献   

15.
    
This paper proposes a simple partial internal model for longevity risk within the Solvency 2 framework. The model is closely linked to the mechanisms associated with the so-called Danish longevity benchmark, where the underlying mortality intensity and the trend is estimated yearly based on mortality experience from the Danish life and pension insurance sector, and on current data from the entire Danish population. Within this model, we derive an estimate for the 99.5% percentile for longevity risk, which differs from the longevity stress of 20% from the standard model. The new stress explicitly reflects the risk associated with unexpected changes in the underlying population mortality intensity on a one-year horizon and with a 99.5% confidence level. In addition, the model contains a component, which quantifies the unsystematic longevity risk associated with a given insurance portfolio. This last component depends on the size of the specific portfolio.  相似文献   

16.
    
This paper considers a lifetime asset allocation problem with both idiosyncratic and systematic mortality risks. The novelty of the paper is to integrate stochastic mortality, stochastic interest rate and stochastic income into a unified framework. An investor, who is a wage earner receiving a stochastic income, can invest in a financial market, consume part of his wealth and purchase life insurance or annuity so as to maximize the expected utility from consumption, terminal wealth and bequest. The problem is solved via the dynamic programming principle and the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation. Analytical solutions to the problem are derived, and numerical examples are provided to illustrate our results. It is shown that idiosyncratic mortality risk has significant impacts on the investor’s investment, consumption, life insurance/annuity purchase and bequest decisions regardless of the length of the decision-making horizon. The systematic mortality risk is largely alleviated by trading the longevity bond. However, its impacts on consumption, purchase of life insurance/annuity and bequest as well as the value function are still pronounced, when the decision-making horizon is sufficiently long.  相似文献   

17.
为应对长寿风险对年金产品的影响,本文提出分段对冲策略,并以死亡率免疫和死亡率久期规则为理论基础探讨该策略的有效性问题。为避免传统久期匹配方法中参数估计误差的累积和传导,借助WinBUGS软件和贝叶斯Markov Chain Monte Carlo方法,在统一的计算框架下完成了死亡率预测、死亡率久期计算和对冲效果的数值模拟;并以4种分段组合准备金数据的三维图、方差缩减比(VRR)和VaR值为指标进行长寿风险对冲有效性的对比,结果表明低年龄寿险保单和高年龄年金保单组合具有最平滑的三维图,最小的VRR和VaR值,可明显提高长寿风险自然对冲的有效性。  相似文献   

18.
This study uses the option valuation framework to identify andinvestigate the factors affecting the cross-sectional difference inindividual corporate bonds' default risk. The dollar value of defaultrisk (DVDR) is measured by subtracting the observed trading price of arisky corporate bond from a Cox-Ingersoll-Ross model value of acorresponding pseudo-default-free bond. From an option pricingperspective, DVDR can be modeled as the value of a put option on thefirm's risky assets. The DVDR of an individual investment-grade corporatebond is hypothesized to be related to the bond rating, time to maturity ofthe bond, size of the issuing firm, volatility of firm value, and dividendyield of the issuing firm. In the case of the first four factors, theempirical results are consistent with the predictions from a put optionperspective. There is a mixed relationship between DVDR and dividendyield, however, which provides a weaker support for the prediction of theoption valuation model. Such a mixed relationship documents the importantrole that dividend payments play in signaling a firm's future earnings andreducing overall agency costs. ["In particular, the formula can be usedto derive the discount that should be applied to a corporate bond becauseof the possibility of default." (Black and Scholes (1973), Journal of Political Economy, Abstract, p. 637.)]  相似文献   

19.
20.
    
We present a model of a longevity risk transfer market with different market players (primary insurers, reinsurers, and capital market investors) and investigate how market dynamics and the market players' roles evolve with progressing market saturation. We find that reinsurers' appetite for longevity risk is the key driver in the early stage of market development. Since diversification benefits with other businesses decrease with every transaction, the reinsurance market is intrinsically antimonopolistic. With the increasing saturation of the reinsurance sector as a whole, its competitiveness shrinks leading to rising expected risk-adjusted returns for capital market investors. We show that in a saturated market, reinsurers should assume the entire longevity risk from primary insurers, diversify it within their business mix, and subsequently pass on only specific (nondiversifiable) components of the longevity risk to the capital markets. Our findings provide valuable suggestions on how to make the best use of the market's limited risk absorption capacity.  相似文献   

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