共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Pei-Cheng Liao 《Bulletin of economic research》2008,60(1):27-44
With fixed costs of quality improvement, we find that a covered market outcome with an interior solution in the price stage is not a Nash equilibrium. When the degree of consumer heterogeneity is high (low) enough, an uncovered market outcome (a covered market outcome with a corner solution in the price stage) is the only Nash equilibrium. When the degree of consumer heterogeneity is moderate, both of the two market outcomes are Nash equilibria, but an uncovered market outcome yields higher social welfare than a covered market outcome with a corner solution in the price stage. 相似文献
2.
教育是多层次递进式的,经过多次甄别筛选,将劳动力纳入高低不同的生产力群体;教育也是多方向发散式的,当具备了基本的学习能力之后,会接受不同类型的专业教育,掌握不同的生产技能。这样,教育甄别筛选出高生产力者,并使其具有不同的生产技能,确定了劳动者所从事的专业领域以及在求职序列中的排位,决定了个体在劳动力市场中的最初定位点,实现了对劳动力的初步配置。本文在研究教育与劳动力市场关系的基础上,建立了教育对劳动力的甄别配置模型,并对我国劳动力市场中教育甄别配置功能的效率问题进行了探讨。 相似文献
3.
中国证券投资基金羊群行为的实证研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文基于封闭式基金2000年6月~2003年12月完整的投资组合数据,采用LSV(1992)的方法以及Wermers(1999)修正的方法测度了中国股票市场证券投资基金羊群行为的程度.并采用分组比较以及回归分析的方法研究了基金的羊群行为与股票上市年龄,流通股市值,股票超常收益(同期、前期及后期)以及财务表现等特征之间的关系. 相似文献
4.
中国劳动力市场的特殊结构对农村剩余劳动力转移有重要影响。本文通过吸收二元制劳动力市场分割理论的基本假设和对制度变量的讨论,建立了中国农村剩余劳动力转移的“二元市场与二元劳动力”模型,并用以解释中国农村剩余劳动力转移的特点。本文认为,政府的强制性制度障碍导致“S型的人力资本投资曲线”的产生,从而使城市居民在主要劳动力市场具有政策和人力资本优势;作为对福利制度缺失的替代,“隐形补贴”等诱致性制度创新导致农村剩余劳动力在次要劳动力市场具有成本优势。这一模型对于我国农村剩余劳动力迁移中的特殊现象有较好的解释力,对于我国城市化战略和我国一元劳动力市场的形成有重要的理论意义。 相似文献
5.
We modify the price‐setting version of the vertically differentiated duopoly model by Aoki (2003) by introducing an extended game in which firms noncooperatively choose the timing of moves at the quality stage. Our results show that there are multiple equilibria in pure strategies, whereby firms always select sequential play at the quality stage. We also investigate the mixed‐strategy equilibrium, revealing that the probability of generating outcomes out of equilibrium is higher than the probability of playing one Nash equilibria in pure strategies. In the alternative case with full market coverage, we show that the quality stage is solved in dominant strategies and therefore the choice of roles becomes irrelevant as the Nash and Stackelberg solutions coincide. With full market coverage and corner solution, the results show that the game has a unique subgame perfect equilibrium in pure strategies, where the high‐quality firm takes the lead in the quality stage. 相似文献
6.
This paper develops a dynamic general equilibrium model to investigate the optimal level of capital income taxation in light of stochastic endogenous economic growth. Although endogenous human capital is incorporated into our model, we restrict our investigation to the issue of optimal physical capital income tax; and the labor supply is also endogenously determined. This paper proves that the optimal capital income tax should be zero provided exogenous government expenditure on production; however, capital income should be taxed if we consider endogenous government consumption. 相似文献
7.
就业体制改革不应忽视内部劳动力市场 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
本文吸收了西方劳动经济学和企业理论的新成果,论述了内部劳动力市场的基本原理,重新审视了我国以往的就业体制改革思路及其成本与收益.提出发展内部劳动力市场是当前深化我国就业体制改革亟待解决的一个重要问题,并阐述了若干具体的操作思路。 相似文献
8.
本文重点分析了《劳动合同法》对经济和就业的影响,认为实施《劳动合同法》从长期来看有利于调整我国目前被扭曲的收入分配格局,有利于解决我国经济发展中出现的一些深层次矛盾和问题;同时,《劳动合同法》的实施不会严重损害劳动力市场的灵活性,不会增加正规企业的劳动成本,也不会严重加剧失业。但《劳动合同法》对经济社会的最终影响还要靠时间来检验。 相似文献
9.
论复杂劳动与简单劳动协同创造价值--关于马克思主义劳动价值论现代化的一般思考 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
本文认为,复杂劳动与简单劳动的协同劳动是当今时代的基本事实,这个基本事实可以归结为马克思主义劳动价值论的公理性假设,可以归结为复杂劳动与简单劳动协同创造价值.本文并以生产力二重性质理论作为重建的马克思主义劳动价值论的理论基础和现代演绎的叙述方法作为它的现代拓展的方法基础,提供较为充分而有力的证明.文章最后并倡导了一个解决劳动创造价值中时间异质因素难题的重要的理论分析工具:内生生产力. 相似文献
10.
Muriel Périsse 《Journal of economic issues》2017,51(1):1-26
By adopting the “reasonable value” notion applied to the labor relationship as proposed by John R. Commons, I study the way in which labor legislation in China can be understood as the search for a status of employment security for rural migrant workers. However, the Chinese labor market is experiencing growth in a particular form of informal labor: delegated and temporary labor. I analyze this contradiction not as a failure of the legislation itself, but as the product of a particular institutional context which provides a way to skirt the law, and thereby diminish its effectiveness. Finally, in a non-democratic state, labor law — which has been instrumentalized and mobilized within a form of state corporatism — reveals that very significant challenges exist for building a truly secure status for employees. 相似文献
11.
就业再选择与劳动力市场效率 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文认为就业再选择是劳动力市场的基本特征。通过就业再选择使企业内部劳动力市场与外部劳动力市场连接在一起而成为一个整体。劳动者进行就业再选择的频度和难易程度,决定企业内外劳动力市场一体化的程度和劳动力市场的效率水平。因此,企业的人力资源管理,则必须摆脱“员工属于组织”的传统观念,以员工的就业再选择为出发点,并且,促进劳动者进行就业再选择才是建立健全劳动力市场机制的根本途径。 相似文献
12.
在二元经济社会中,农业剩余劳动力的内涵是产业间收入差距引起的相对剩余,其存在的根本原因是产业结构的变动和升级。对我国农业剩余劳动力转移问题的研究必须以我国的经济发展阶段为背景,跳出劳动力市场均衡的分析框架,以技术进步和产业结构转换为主线,从剩余劳动力的供给和需求两个方面来探求其可能的转移途径。 相似文献
13.
人口迁移流动对于城镇劳动力供给和区域劳动力市场一体化均有显著影响。农村迁移劳动力与城镇居民就业存在一定的替代关系,但对城镇劳动力就业冲击不大。城-城迁移人口对迁入地人口的失业率和劳动参与率均无明显影响。我国劳动力市场从计划经济时期的高度一体化逐步演变为省际之间的分割,再次走向大经济区之间的分割和区内的融合。这种融合是借助农民工的迁移流动来实现的,因而在本质上依旧是分割的。 相似文献
14.
我国价格总水平决定的一个理论模型 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
开放经济条件下的价格总水平由产品市场、货币市场和劳动市场三个市场达到均衡状态时共同决定,影响我国价格总水平的主要因素包括货币供给量、名义工资水平、利率、汇率和资本市场发展水平。从长期来看,在其他情况不变的情况下,价格总水平随着名义货币供给量、名义工资水平、汇率以及利率的增加而上涨;推动资本市场发展对于促进价格总水平的稳定具有积极作用。 相似文献
15.
ABSTRACTIn view of the contradicting results in existing research, this article proposes a new weighted cross-sectional variance (WCSV) model to re-examine the level of herding behaviour in the Chinese A-share market. Motivated by the original WCSV model, we utilize a Fama-French augmented seven-factor model as the underlying Arbitrage Pricing Theory model, which introduces the trading volume and turnover rate factors to the Fama-French five-factor model. The regression results show the superiority of our new model compared to the WCSV model based on Fama-French three- and five-factor models, which implies that the empirical findings of herding with our WCSV model are more reliable in relative terms. In the empirical aspect, in addition to testing the herding level yearly and integrally, to provide further insight on the relationship between market stress and herding, we apply our model to the Chinese A-share herding behaviour within each of three well-known crisis periods. In addition, we also split the sub-samples into pre-crisis and post-crisis periods to detect the existence of asymmetric herding behaviour for different market directions. Our findings suggest that Chinese A-share herding behaviour is more prevalent during large market turmoil, especially under condition of down market. 相似文献
16.
ABSTRACTUsing data from Chile, this study analyzes the relationship between different forms of social capital and women’s labor force participation, accounting for both endogeneity problems and differences among women of different economic strata. First, the results suggest that only some types of social capital are relevant for labor force participation: namely, networks with weaker yet far-reaching connections, including higher-status individuals. There are neither empirical nor theoretical reasons to believe that women have better access to such networks than men. Second, this type of social capital is only relevant for the economic integration of the richest women, failing to increase labor force participation among women of the other 80 percent of households. Thus, this study concludes that policies targeted at women’s economic integration based on the presumption that women have more social capital than men are deeply flawed. 相似文献
17.
劳动报酬的提高引发了学者对其可能带来的负面就业效应的担忧。在一个均衡劳动力市场上,提高劳动报酬会阻碍就业。然而我国的劳动力市场是一个以存在大量剩余劳动力为典型特征的非均衡市场,劳动者的实际报酬低于劳动投入的边际贡献,劳动力市场存在明显的负向扭曲,劳动报酬的提高不会对就业产生显著的负面影响。而且提高劳动报酬能起到扩大内需的效果,有利于提升就业水平,改善劳动力市场失衡状况。 相似文献
18.
Josef ZweimüLler 《Empirica》2000,27(1):1-20
This paper provides a critical review of the recent literature on inequality and growth. After discussing historical and more recent distributional trends as well as empirical evidence on the relationship between inequality and growth, I focus on recent explanations of the inequality-growth puzzle. I consider both the impact of the functional and the personal distribution on long-run growth rates. A final section discusses a rather neglected issue in the recent literature: the impact of expected demand for innovation decisions. 相似文献
19.
We analyze the implications of relative wealth preferences in a Ramsey model with endogenous labor supply. In contrast to
relative consumption preferences, they allow for the possibility that agents work too little in the long run, while under
both specifications the steady-state levels of consumption and the stock of physical capital exceed their socially optimal
counterparts. Even in the case of excessive leisure agents are worse off in terms of intertemporal utility because initial
transitional dynamics are characterized by under-consumption and excessive work effort. “Too much” long-run consumption of
goods and leisure is possible due to the excessive capital-labor ratio.
相似文献
20.
Jhy-hwa Chen Ching-chong Lai Jhy-yuan Shieh 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2003,25(2):233-254
This paper makes a new attempt toinvestigate how an anticipatedenvironmental policy governs the transitionaldynamics of an economy when pollutionexternality is taken into account. Themodeling strategy we use is an AK technologyendogenous growth framework with an endogenousleisure-labor choice. It is found that, unlikeinelastic labor supply framework, a rise inpublic abatement expenditure will stimulate thebalanced economic growth rate. It is alsofound that public abatement technology plays animportant role in determining the transitionaladjustment of the economic growth rate inresponse to a pre-announced environmentalpolicy. 相似文献