农民工市民化面临的制约因素及破解路径

农民工市民化是新型城镇化的核心议题。在新型城镇化进程中,农民工市民化面临着高房价、户籍限制、就业空间有限、农民工市民化所需公共成本投入不足等诸多现实困境。对此,应通过以下措施推进农民工市民化的进程:构建覆盖农民工群体的城镇住房保障体系;改革创新公共服务制度,剥离公共服务的户籍绑定属性;提供职业技能培训,增强农民工的就业能力;调整城市产业规划和布局,提升中小城市的就业容量;构建由政府主导的多元化的农民工市民化公共成本分担机制,合理分担农民工市民化的公共成本。     

加快社会保障相关制度协调性改革推进农民工人力资源战略开发

农民工的社会保障问题实际上是在农村富余劳动力向城市转移过程中,如何实现从传统的土地保障向现代化社会保障制度转换的问题.完善的农民工社会保障制度有助于推进农民工市民化进程,而完善的农民工社会保障制度本身也是人力资源质量提高战略和人力资源市场化战略的重要组成部分.当前,社会保障基本公共服务供给与农民工保障需求非均衡性问题依然存在,社会保障相关制度安排存在一定的不协调性,因此,本文尝试从社会保障相关制度协调性改革这一角度进行对策探讨.     

推进农民工市民化进程——信阳市做好农村劳动力转移就业工作的探索与思考

正扩大农村劳动力转移就业规模,保障进城农民工实现平等稳定就业,是推进农民工市民化进程的一个关键环节。河南省信阳市作为一个农业大市和劳务输出大市,在推进农村劳动力实现转移就业、推动农民工市民化进程中,做了一些有益的探索。本文结合信阳实际情况,就如何推进农村劳动力实现转移就业,促进农民工市民化提出了一些思考和建议,旨在为推动农民工市民化进程提供一些参考。     

中国农民工市民化的社会成本研究

农民工市民化是一系列权力保障、公共产品享受与城市社会经济适应的实现过程,既需要政府进行制度创新,解决农民工市民化的制度障碍,了需要加大投入,解决农民工市民化的资金困难。因此,就需要测算农民工市民化的社会成本来度量政府的相关投入。论文在比较农民工市民化与人口城市化、分析人口城市化成本的基础上构建了农民工市民化的社会成本模型,并根据农民工的聚集地与细分特征分地区、分类型地测算了东部沿海地区第一代与第二代农民工市民化的社会成本、内陆地区第一代与第二代农民工市民化的社会成本。     

促进泉州农民工向“新泉州人”转化的探讨

农民工是我国工业化、城镇化、现代化的重要推动力量。采用社会主义市场经济办法,促使农民工市民化已成为时代发展的必然要求。在泉州市委、市政府不断出台"给民工市民待遇"的相关政策和泉州本地市民观念进一步转变的情况下,"新泉州人"观念应运而生。然而,当前泉州农民工市民化仍存在缺乏稳定职业、收入不高、居所不定等等障碍,需要进一步从开发人力资源、促进制度创新以及加强科学管理等方面进行努力。     

解决农民工问题的根本途径和基本条件

解决农民工问题的基本思路和途径有三个方面,即市民化、回流与返乡创业、改善农民工待遇和生存状况,其中只有市民化才是解决农民工问题的根本途径。实现农民工市民化将面临制度障碍、资金障碍、素质障碍、观念障碍等困难,因此,解决农民工问题不仅需要宏观经济的良好运行、市民化成本的合理分摊,还需要城乡二元制度藩篱的逐步消除和良好的社会...     

“十二五”时期就业工作的重点之一——农民工市民化

“十二五”时期就业工作的内容非常广泛。我想强调的是，“十二五”期间应当积极推进农民工的市民化进程，这是解决农民工就业问题的根本出路。考虑到我国长期形成的城乡二元经济格局难以在三五年内彻底打破，是否可以提出，争取到2020年，实现全面建设小康社会之年基本实现农民工的市民化。     

推进我国农民工社会保障与市民化制度创新问题研究

分析我国农民工社会保障不利于促进农民工市民化问题的现状、农民工社会保障与农民工市民化二者之间的关系,提出推进农民工社会保障与市民化的制度创新措施,加快农民工社会保障制度的建立和完善,促进农民工市民化.     

非公有制经济发展与中国农民工市民化

非公有制经济与中国农民工基本上是同步发生的。在新的时期,如何在推动非公有制经济的发展的同时,逐步实现农民工市民化,是中国在转型时期必须思考的问题。目前,农民工出现了逆市民化的现象,这表明非公有制经济发展没有有效地推动农民工市民化,因此需要进行推动非公有制经济成为农民工市民化基础的制度创新:平等竞争的市场经济制度、严格的产权保护制度、有效的公共产品供给制度、完善的现代企业制度、统一平等的社会制度与和谐的劳动关系制度。     

"十四五"时期我国城镇化率变化趋势及政策含义

基于多源统计数据,分析未来一段时期城镇自然增长人口、乡城迁移人口、城乡划分范围调整人口等的变动趋势,研判"十四五"时期我国城镇化率的变化趋势.结果表明,"十四五"时期,我国城镇化速度将整体呈现稳中趋缓的态势,年均增速将保持在0.71个百分点左右,到2025年预计将达到67.45％左右.其中,城镇人口 自然增长略有下降,对城镇化率增长的贡献在年均0.2个百分点左右;新增农民工数量显著下降,乡城迁移对城镇化率增长的贡献下降至年均0.33个百分点左右;城乡统计区划分调整减少,城乡划分范围调整人口对城镇化率增长的贡献下降至年均0.18个百分点左右.未来一段时期,需重点关注农业转移人口就业、农民工留守家属随迁进城落户等重大问题,建议将农业转移人口就业保障作为"十四五"推动新型城镇化健康稳定发展的重要战略问题,实施存量农民工定居工程,持续深入提高农业转移人口市民化质量.     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

The Early History of the Cumulants and the Gram-Charlier Series

The early history of the Gram-Charlier series is discussed from three points of view: (1) a generalization of Laplace's central limit theorem, (2) a least squares approximation to a continuous function by means of Chebyshev-Hermite polynomials, (3) a generalization of Gauss's normal distribution to a system of skew distributions. Thiele defined the cumulants in terms of the moments, first by a recursion formula and later by an expansion of the logarithm of the moment generating function. He devised a differential operator which adjusts any cumulant to a desired value. His little known 1899 paper in Danish on the properties of the cumulants is translated into English in the Appendix.