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1.
论消费习惯及其对资产定价的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
传统的资产定价理论通常假设投资者的效用函数是跨时可加的,并且假设投资者每期的效用由本期的消费水平确定,这就是典型的基于消费的资产定价模型。这种模型所导出的结论遭到实证结果强有力的挑战,其中具有代表性的有“股权溢价之谜”、“消费平滑之谜”和“无风险利率之谜”等。为了解释这些“难解之谜”,一种典型的做法是对传统的跨时可加的效用函数进行修改,消费习惯的引进是其中最具代表性的方法。本文试图对这一方法进行综述,对消费习惯的经济含义进行分析,并进一步分析消费习惯对资产定价的影响  相似文献   

2.
周慧 《当代经济》2016,(26):116-117
金融资产定价是现代资产定价研究的核心问题.本文对行为资产定价模型进行了综述,行为资产定价研究分为两个方向:一是基于消费资产定价模型(CCAPM),借用不同的效用函数来反映不同的投资者偏好,比如财富偏好,损失厌恶,习惯形成,追赶时髦,嫉妒等等.二是在进行资产定价时直接考虑投资者心理因素,基于行为金融学对投资者分析的过度自信,保守性偏差等认知偏差,用模型量化此类偏差然后利用动态规划方法求解均衡时的资产定价.  相似文献   

3.
考察普通的商品的定价理论的历史,我们发现从劳动价值论、效用理论以及新古典的一般均衡分析中的时间维度都是面向历史的,也就是说在普通商品的定价理论中,我们的思维范式是面向历史的定价模式。但是基于无套利思想的资产定价中的时间维度则是面向未来的,这种面向未来的定价范式使得我们虚拟资产的定价更多地反应了人们对虚拟资产未来盈利能力的预期,也使得资产价格表现出比普通商品价格更多的波动性。  相似文献   

4.
基于风险基金的资本资产定价模型   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
本文提出并证明了基于风险基金的CAPM模型。基于风险基金的CAPM模型描述了资产的收益与风险之间的线性关系 ,其中资产的风险定义为资产收益率与风险基金收益率的协方差除以风险基金收益率的方差。作为应用例子 ,本文使用基于风险基金的CAPM模型证明了著名的CCAPM模型。  相似文献   

5.
徐爽 《财经研究》2005,31(8):76-88
文章建立了一个有政府的动态资产定价模型.政府被模型化为具有垄断力量的市场参与者,它可以利用自己的税收和交易行为影响市场.我们求解了一个政府先行,私人跟随的均衡,得到了一个资产定价的双因子(总消费因子和税收因子)模型.文章证明:资产的超额收益不但取决于与总消费的相关性,还受与政府税收相关性的影响;资本市场的波动行为依赖于税收的随机模式.我们的模型预言,在一个政府作用比较大的经济体里,如果忽略政府的作用,单因子的ICAPM可能低估均衡的股权超额收益.同没有政府的经济相比,有政府经济中风险资产的波动率会更高.分析还表明:在动态资产定价模型中引入政府行为是可能的.  相似文献   

6.
行为资产定价模型与实证检验   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
行为资产定价模型是在行为金融学基础上发展起来的有关资产定价的学说 ,本文介绍了行为资产定价模型的具体内容 ,并对该模型的运用情况利用中国证券市场的数据进行了实证分析 ,在此基础上探讨了该模型在中国证券市场应用的可能性与前景。  相似文献   

7.
李茜 《当代经济》2016,(29):128-130
本文在介绍CAPM发展进程的基础上,重点探讨了资产定价模型在交叉领域的应用,分别将信息学、传媒学和环境学三个领域变量加入基本定价模型中,对传统CAPM进行全面系统的改进,以提高模型的应用范围,并在结尾处给出了新领域中定价模型的探索与展望.  相似文献   

8.
引言 1952年,马克威茨(Markowitz)提出了均值—分差假说,该假说认为,如果投资者效用以(U=f(E,σ))表示,投资者倾向于价值最大化(dU/dE>0),并且是风险厌恶者(dU/dσ相似文献   

9.
创业投资的特质与实物期权方法有实质的契合性,表现在创业投资的风险水平同实物期权的波动率之间。创业投资的分期投资与实物期权的期权价值之间有着密切的关联性。这种内在契合性是运用实物期权方法研究创业投资定价研究的基础。基于Black-Scholes偏微分方程的实物期权模型构造的多期创业投资的实物期权定价模型,更具现实解释力。  相似文献   

10.
消费习惯、异质偏好与动态资产定价:纯交换经济情形   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
本文用Chan和Kogan、Bask和Cuoco等的方法考虑纯交换经济下的定价问题,我们引进了两个投资者:一个具有外在性消费习惯;一个不具有消费习惯。我们重点考察消费习惯对投资者的最优消费规则的影响以及对资产价格的确定。此外,我们还考虑了对数效用函数下,消费习惯以差的形式出现的情形下的消费规则和定价问题。我们发现当两个投资者中一个具有消费习惯而另一个不具有该习惯时,消费习惯同时改变两个投资者的最优消费规则、消费动态和财富动态。此时的动态资产定价受外在性消费习惯的影响,即时Sharpe比为常数,并等于同质量经济下的即时Sharpe比。同时,如果考虑对数效用函数下消费习惯以差的形式出现,则即时Sharpe比是时变的,反周期的。  相似文献   

11.
    
Can a major shock in childhood permanently shape trust? We consider a hunger episode in Germany after World War II, and we construct a measure of hunger exposure from official data on caloric rations set monthly by the occupying forces, providing regional and temporal variations. We correlate hunger exposure with measures of trust using data from a nationally representative sample of the German population. We show that individuals exposed to low caloric rations in childhood have significantly lower levels of trust as adults. This finding highlights that early-life experiences can have long-term effects in domains other than health, where such effects are well documented.  相似文献   

12.
Habit Formation, Catching Up with the Joneses, and Economic Growth   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
Our objective is to investigate how alternative assumptions about preferences affect the process of economic growth. To do this, we analyze a neoclassical growth model under three alternative preference specifications: (i) time separable, (ii) catching up with the Joneses, and (iii) habit formation. Departing from the time separable specification leads to important differences in the dynamic structure, the adjustment path followed by key economic variables, the correlation patterns implied by the time series generated by the model, and the speed of convergence to the new steady state. In the catching up with the Joneses economy the differences arise from a consumption externality, while in the habit formation economy the difference arises from the fact that agents not only smooth consumption but also its rate of change.  相似文献   

13.
Comparison Utility in a Growth Model   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
We examine the dynamics of two endogenous-growth modelsin which agents have comparison utility. In the inward-lookingeconomy, individuals care about how their current consumptioncompares with their own past consumption. In the outward-lookingeconomy, they care about how their own consumption compares withother peoples consumption. In response to a negative shock tocapital, saving and growth will temporarily fall in both of themodels that we consider but will remain constant in a model withstandard preferences. The decline will be smaller in the outward-than in the inward-looking case, but utility will be lower inthe former case because of a negative externality.  相似文献   

14.
在OLG的纯交换经济中,区分了内部习惯和外部习惯对经济动态性质的影响。我们发现内部习惯增加了年轻人的储蓄并可以把古典经济转变为萨谬尔森经济;外部习惯减少了年轻人的储蓄并可以把萨谬尔森经济转变为古典经济。不论是外部习惯还是内部习惯,都提高了在相对风险规避系数一定的情况下消费者忍受风险的能力,从而可能导致经济的周期运动。  相似文献   

15.
    
This paper proposes a new model accounting for the delayed effect of monetary policy shocks on output. The key feature of the model is to distinguish a variety of margins (i.e., inventory adjustments, hours per worker, efforts and employments) on which firms adjust output in response to macroeconomic shock. When these multiple margins are properly introduced to an otherwise standard modern monetary business cycles model, the interplay between inventory adjustments and the one-period lag in adjusting employment can produce the hump-shaped response of output to monetary shock. Given the weak evidence on habit formation at household level found in Dynan (2000) Dynan, K. (2000). Habit formation in consumer preferences: evidence from panel data. American Economic Review, 90 (3), 391406. doi: 10.1257/aer.90.3.391[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] [Google Scholar] and Flavin and Nakagawa (2008) Flavin, M., &; Nakagawa, S. (2008). A model of housing in the presence of adjustment costs: a structural interpretation of habit persistence. American Economic Review, 98, 474495. doi: 10.1257/aer.98.1.474[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] [Google Scholar], therefore, this paper provides an alternative explanation for the delayed effect of monetary policy without relying on the habit formation.  相似文献   

16.
估计了新凯恩斯主义最优价格模型,并评估利用模型如何描述美国的产出、通货膨胀和利率变动;考虑模型中外在习惯形成是否影响消费者行为,并说明定价方法和通货指数形成价格和通胀惯性。该模型的时间一致均衡原则是用来估计关键行为参数的,据此研究最优货币政策的适应性。  相似文献   

17.
    
When assessing the effect of changes in wealth on household expenditures, most empirical studies have used cointegration‐based approaches. These approaches rely on the existence of a stable long‐run relationship among consumption, wealth, and income. However, in Switzerland no such relationship seems to be present after 2001. Motivated by this issue, this paper applies a recently suggested approach to estimating long‐run wealth effects on consumption that does not rely on cointegration. This new approach relies on sticky consumption growth, which can be motivated by consumption habits or sticky expectations. In both cases, long‐run wealth effects are the result of short‐run reactions of households to changes in wealth which become long‐lasting. Using this methodology, the estimated wealth effects on consumption in Switzerland are larger than suggested by cointegration‐based estimates. Furthermore, the results show that there seems to be a remarkably high degree of consumption stickiness in Switzerland.  相似文献   

18.
行为资产定价理论综述   总被引:33,自引:4,他引:33  
陈彦斌  周业安 《经济研究》2004,39(6):117-127
如何刻画投资者行为是资产定价理论 50年来发展的主要脉络。在消费资本资产定价模型基础上 ,通过修正投资者的效用函数而发展起来的行为资产定价理论 ,对投资者行为的认识达到了新的高度。本文构造了行为资产定价的一般均衡研究框架 ,指出了此框架与行为金融理论的区别 ,并在此框架下 ,综述了当前流行的行为资产定价模型。文章最后分析了行为资产定价理论的下一步发展方向。  相似文献   

19.
    
Many previous studies of US cigarette and alcohol consumption have focused on single equations. However, the addictive nature of consumption suggests that it is more appropriate to model these products as a system. We propose a two-step estimation procedure and apply the procedure to a system of equations for cigarette, beer and wine consumption. Results differ from those derived from an existing two-step procedure. Findings suggest that consumption of cigarettes, beer and wine is responsive to income changes but the elasticities are rather small. Personal physiques, education, age, race, ethnicity, health, gender, employment status, and regions also play significant roles in consumption.  相似文献   

20.
情绪波动和资产价格波动   总被引:23,自引:1,他引:23  
陈彦斌 《经济研究》2005,40(3):36-45
投资者的情绪波动对于理解资产价格的波动有着重要的意义 ,但是已有研究对情绪波动的刻画还过于简单。本文在Mehra和Sah( 2 0 0 2 )对情绪波动研究的基础之上 ,更加全面地描述了投资者情绪波动 ,使用风险规避系数、跨期替代弹性和主观贴现因子三个投资者主观偏好参数的波动来描述投资者情绪波动。本文研究了情绪波动对股票价格和债券价格波动率的影响。结果表明 ,投资者的情绪波动对股票价格波动的影响要远大于对债券价格波动的影响 ;影响股票价格波动的情绪波动分别是主观贴现因子、跨期替代弹性和风险规避系数的波动。这些结果可以帮助我们理解股票价格的波动性和债券价格的平滑性。  相似文献   

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