广东省欠发达地区小康社会建设研究

区域发展不平衡问题长期困绕中国发展。没有欠发达地区的全面小康,就没有中国的全面小康。欠发达地区小康社会建设研究对于推动欠发达地区跨越式发展、促进统筹城乡发展、缩短地区差距,最终实现区域经济整体协调发展有着重要现实意义。广东作为改革开放前沿阵地．依然存在区域不协调问题。东西两翼与珠三角的人均地区生产总值的差距是4倍多,省内发达地区与山区之间的差距比全国平均水平还高。广东整体经济发展的超前性并没有消解区域差距,反而在要素资源分布、产业集聚与市场竞争方面加剧了欠发达地区与珠三角发达地区间的差距。本研究以广东为案例,期望从生态文明角度探讨如何提升欠发展地区自我发展能力,增加生态文明内涵。将低碳发展、可持续发展观念渗透在广东欠发达地区小康社会的建设中。其中关于广东发展中遇到的资源环境生态压力、走过的弯路,以及欠发达地区全面小康社会建设思路,期望能对全国欠发达地区可持续发展有启示和借鉴。     

欠发达地区低碳经济发展的金融支持研究——以甘肃省为例

欠发达地区发展低碳经济不仅面临着转变发展方式和进行经济结构调整的巨大压力,也需要构建完善的金融支持体系有效解决低碳经济发展中的资金瓶颈问题。文章以甘肃省为例,分析了商业银行、资本市场、碳交易市场、财税政策对欠发达地区低碳经济的金融支持现状,提出了创新商业银行碳金融服务方式、加快碳交易市场体系建设、完善资本市场体系和财税政策支持体系的具体路径选择。     

武汉创新型城市低碳建设保障措施研究

加强创新型城市低碳建设是保护城市环境和发展低碳经济的重要举措。武汉创新型城市低碳建设保障措施研究,对促进武汉市创新型经济和社会发展具有重要意义。从技术路线图、低碳联盟框架协议、低碳指数和低碳文明公约等4个方面提出了武汉创新型城市低碳建设的对策和建议。     

低碳城市建设中的财税支持政策探究

通过对低碳城市基本理念的剖析,从财税支持方面,深入阐述财税政策在低碳城市建设中的重要作用,借鉴国外发达国家的低碳城市建设之路,对我国的低碳城市建设提出符合中国国情的财税政策建议。     

低碳城市建设的对策研究

由温室气体排放所造成的气候变化已经成为威胁全人类生存和发展的重大挑战.我国城市化进程快速推进的同时,城市地区排放的二氧化碳也迅速增加;低碳城市建设已迫在眉睫.文章从我国低碳城市建设的必要性和紧迫性入手,在对国内外低碳城市建设的理论研究及实践探索进行分析的基础上,结合我国低碳城市建设存在的主要问题,提出建设低碳城市的对策建议.     

中国低碳城市建设研究综述

随着全球气候变暖,低碳理念越来越受到国内外政府以及专家学者的广泛关注。英国政府最早提出低碳经济的概念,之后日本政府提出建设低碳社会,2007年中国开始出现低碳城市的提法,之后国内专家学者也更多地关注低碳城市的研究。文章主要梳理国内外研究者关于低碳城市的理论研究,首先介绍了目前低碳城市研究的背景现状,然后从低碳城市建设的必要性、内涵和特征目标等方面总结我国专家学者的一些研究进展,对当前发展中国低碳城市建设模式和评价指标体系进行梳理,最后总体概述了我国专家学者对构建低碳城市的政策建议。     

低碳城市建设中的财税支持政策探究

通过对低碳城市基本理念的剖析,从财税支持方面,深入阐述财税政策在低碳城市建设中的重要作用,借鉴国外发达国家的低碳城市建设之路,对我国的低碳城市建设提出符合中国国情的财税政策建议.     

中国低碳城市建设的政策分析

作为低碳发展理念下的城市实践,低碳城市的建设离不开政策的推动和支持。文章从国家、地方和部门三个层面梳理了与低碳城市建设相关的政策,对中国低碳城市建设的政策演进、政策创新、政策层次、政策类型等方面的特征进行了分析。当前,中国低碳城市建设政策整体上尚在形成之中,存在着政策体系不完整、政策结构不合理、政策手段单一、政策执行力度不足等问题,需要在城市低碳实践中不断完善。     

山西省低碳城市评价与空间格局分析北大核心

建设低碳城市是发展低碳经济的重要载体,山西低碳城市建设还处在起步阶段。结合山西的实际概况,从低碳经济、低碳社会、低碳能源、低碳环境四方面构建低碳城市评价指标体系,运用主成分分析、聚类分析和GIS模型,对山西11个地市进行低碳城市评价与空间格局分析。结果表明各地市低碳城市发展水平悬殊较大,在空间上具有一定的相关性;低碳城市建设在产业调整和升级、能源利用结构、技术创新等方面存在问题,并提出相应的对策建议。     

基于低碳绿色经济的中国城市建设问题研究

以低碳绿色城市建设为研究对象,围绕低碳绿色经济、城市建设以及低碳绿色城市的发展战略进行分析研究。在对城市建设目标分解的基础上,从系统论角度分析中国低碳绿色城市建设中的挑战与机遇,SWOT定性分析与定量分析相结合,基于"三生"共赢理论,分析低碳绿色城市发展战略与管理模式,分析中国城市建设的战略问题,依据PEST分析法,统筹经济、环境、社会、科技和节能减排,从理念、政策、体制、人才、技术、产业结构等方面提出相应的策略,探索以经济发展促进城市建设、适合中国工业化和城市化的低碳绿色城市建设的发展道路。     

Pleasure and belief in Hume's Decision Process

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce explicitly pleasure and belief in what aims at being a Humean theory of decision, like the one developed in Diaye and Lapidus (2005a). Although we support the idea that Hume was in some way a hedonist – evidently different from Bentham's or Jevons' way – we lay emphasis less on continuity than on the specific kind of hedonism encountered in Hume's writings (chiefly the Treatise, the second Enquiry, the Dissertation, or some of his Essays). Such hedonism clearly contrasts to its standard modern inheritance, expressed by the relation between preferences and utility.

The reason for such a difference with the usual approach lies in the mental process that Hume puts to the fore in order to explain the way pleasure determines desires and volition. Whereas pleasure is primarily, in Hume's words, an impression of sensation, it takes place in the birth of passions as reflecting an idea of pleasure, whose “force and vivacity” is precisely a “belief”, transferred to the direct passions of desire or volition that come immediately before action. As a result, from a Humean point of view, “belief” deals with decision under risk or uncertainty, as well as with intertemporal decision and indiscrimination problems.

The latter are explored within a formal framework, and it is shown that the relation of pleasure is transformed by belief into a non-empty class of relations of desire, among which at least one is a preorder.     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

Globalization,Neoliberalism and the attack on social security

Neoliberal political movements advocate privatization of public pension systems. Globalization imposes pressure on nations to conform to neoliberal policy views with respect to the design and structure of social insurance, including public pension systems. The paper begins with an investigation of the economic, ethical and ideological dimensions of the privatization debates in the U.S.; it argues that privatization advocates may be largely moved by ideology, since the other reasons advanced appear weak or unfounded. The second part discusses the history of Social Security, the purposes for its creation, and some of its economic effects. Differences between public and private pension systems are considered. A brief international comparison of some aspects of public pension system finance and benefit structures is presented. The final section considers the ethical, macroeconomic and distributional implications of privatization, prefunding and payroll tax funding, and argues for a pay as you go system financed with income taxes. In order to promote equity, economic security, community, and social cohesion, public pension systems should be universal in coverage. In order to reduce the inequality, income insecurity, and aged poverty generated by market economies, public pension systems ought to be progressive: benefit/contribution ratios should be inversely proportional to income, and progressive income taxes should finance the system. To promote economic growth, the systems should be financed on a pay-as-you-go basis, and should not be prefunded except for an emergency reserve. The fiscal policy recommendations partially depend upon the theory developed by Abba Lerner in the 1940s, and recently advanced by Wynne Godley and Randy Wray: Lerner's “principle of functional finance.”     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

Perspective on the Economic Evolution of the European Union States Under the Impact of the Pandemic and Financial-Economic Crisis

The European Union,which is at the beginning of its term of office for all Member States in the European Parliament,the European Commission,its governing body a...     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Neurally reconstructing expected utility

While the concept of “expected utility” informs many theories of decision making, little is known about whether and how the human brain might compute this quantity. This article reviews a series of functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) experiments designed to localize brain regions that respond in anticipation of increasing amounts of monetary incentives. These studies collectively suggest that anticipation of increasing monetary gains activates a subcortical region of the ventral striatum in a magnitude-proportional manner. This ventral striatal activation is not evident during anticipation of losses. Actual gain outcomes instead activate a region of the mesial prefrontal cortex. During anticipation of gain, ventral striatal activation is accompanied by feelings characterized by increasing arousal and positive valence. These findings affirm the role of emotion in the anticipation of incentives, and may provide an initial step towards a neural reconstruction of expected utility.