小微企业电子商务采纳行为研究——以国家级电子商务示范城市张掖市为例

张掖市作为国家级"电子商务示范城市",在"互联网+"战略背景下其电子商务的发展不仅对于提升自身企业运营绩效和推动地方经济发展具有重要意义,而且也具有很强的示范效应。文章基于整合技术接受模型,结合张掖市实际情况,提出了张掖市小微企业电子商务采纳行为研究模型及假设,并通过Smart PLS结构方程模型结合调查数据对模型和假设进行检验。实证研究结果表明:绩效期望、努力期望、社会影响正向影响电子商务使用意愿;便利条件以及使用意愿正向影响电子商务采纳行为。最后,根据实证结果对张掖市小微企业电子商务采纳行为提出了相关的建议。     

B2B电子商务采纳问题的研究评述

本文通过文献检索，整理现阶段对B2B电子商务采纳研究的文献，并在对有关文献进行分析的基础上，对B2B采纳问题文献的分析、理论基础和影响因素等方面进行了分析和归纳，并对现有研究从研究视角和研究方法上提出了一些看法。     

电子商务纠纷管辖权制度探讨

电子商务的发展对传统管辖权制度产生了很大冲击,由此衍生了管辖权相对理论、服务器所在地法院管辖理论、网络主权理论等诸多新的管辖权理论。目前,纠纷处理模式的构建有欧盟消费者中心原则和美国扩大电子商务经营者地管辖权原则两种倾向,我国应从网络经济发展秩序和支撑消费者信心角度出发,采纳适合我国国情的管辖权制度。     

自助服务技术采纳的前因与模式:文献综述

通过系统梳理自助服务技术研究文献,总结了两类自助服务技术采纳前因——认知型前因和情感型前因,归纳出三种自助服务技术采纳模式——认知驱动模式、情感驱动模式及认知和情感综合驱动模式。研究表明:在自助服务技术采纳前因研究中,认知型前因所占比重很大,而情感型前因所占比重相对较小;三种采纳模式对自助服务技术采纳现象均起到了很好的理解和预测作用。最后,提出了自助服务技术采纳研究的发展方向。     

IT采纳作用下组织冗余与企业绩效的关系

研究了企业IT采纳作用下组织冗余与企业绩效的关系,考虑了IT采纳水平和IT采纳时间对该关系的调节效果。运用"中国企业信息化500强"中上市公司的面板数据进行验证,发现企业IT采纳实施后,在IT采纳时间和IT采纳水平的调节下,4种类型的组织冗余与企业绩效存在不同的关系。     

开放式创新平台组织采纳关键因素研究

运用技术-组织-环境框架与IT匹配理论等创新采纳理论,探索了组织采纳基于互联网开放式创新平台的关键因素及影响机制,揭示了开放式创新平台在组织中的采纳与扩散。运用探索性单案例研究方法,分析了影响开放式创新平台组织采纳的关键因素。研究发现,开放式创新平台的技术特质（相对优势、开放性、协同创新性、网络外部性）、组织情境（组织战略、高层支持、创新文化、组织规模）、外部环境（政策支持、外部压力）等因素对组织采纳决策具有直接影响作用。另外,技术特质与组织因素的匹配以及技术特质与环境因素的匹配不仅对采纳决策具有直接影响作用,而且对技术特质、组织情境、外部环境与采纳决策间关系发挥中介作用。     

吸收能力对新技术采纳时机的影响

本文通过引入吸收能力并假设潜在的新技术采纳厂商可以凭借吸收能力实现对购买技术的自我改进,构建了一个两时期的非对称双寡模型,研究了吸收能力对新技术采纳时机的影响。研究结论为:该双寡模型存在两种均衡,即分离均衡和混合均衡。在分离均衡中,吸收能力强的厂商倾向于作为跟随者延迟采纳新技术,而吸收能力弱的厂商作为领先者即时采纳可得的新技术。混合均衡的结果是抢先进入均衡或等待均衡。另外,外部知识的性质对于新技术的采纳也有重要影响。     

企业管理创新采纳的动机 、时机及过程

基于文献综述方法,构建了整合的企业管理创新采纳的动机、时机及过程的理论框架,并提出了各个决策点的影响因素。研究发现:企业管理创新采纳的动机包括提升企业绩效和提高组织合法性;企业管理创新采纳的时机与其采纳动机、自身资源有关,早期采纳者的动机是提高企业绩效,而非提高组织合法性,并且企业自身具有较高的组织合法性和信息优势;企业管理创新采纳的时机差异会带来实施过程的差异,早期采纳者在实施范围上更广,对管理创新的调整程度更高;管理创新自身的特征会影响企业实施管理创新的过程。     

农民对电子政务服务的采纳意愿及影响因素的实证分析——基于陕西省西安市农民的调查数据

本文利用陕西省西安市386位农民的实地调查数据,采用logistic模型实证分析了农民对电子政务服务的采纳意愿及其影响因素。研究结果表明,农民对电子政务服务的采纳意愿普遍较高,信息服务层次和公众参与层次的采纳意愿高于在线办事层次的采纳意愿;农民的自我效能、感知有用性、感知信任和主观规范均对电子政务服务采纳意愿产生显著的正向影响。调查数据还进一步表明,不会使用、没听说过政府网站和缺少电脑等硬件是阻碍农民采纳电子政务服务的主要因素。     

绿色生态技术采纳提高了农民福利水平吗？——基于654份香蕉种植户的数据调查

农业绿色发展道路是我国农业现代化发展的必经之路。基于云南、海南、广西以及广东四个香蕉主产省农村的654份实地入户调研数据,采用内生转换模型分析农民绿色生态技术采纳行为及其对农民综合福利水平的影响,研究发现：（1）农民采纳绿色生态技术后福利水平能够得到显著提升。（2）农民自身资源禀赋会影响其绿色生态技术的采纳决策,不同资源禀赋的农民在采纳绿色生态技术时的福利水平提升效应具有差异性,有贷款以及加入合作社的农民在采纳绿色生态技术时福利水平的提升效应更高。（3）基于反事实假设,研究发现采纳绿色生态技术的农民若不采纳该技术,其福利水平会下降1.64%,而未采纳绿色生态技术的农户采纳该技术时,其福利水平能够提升21.97%,说明绿色生态技术采纳对农民综合福利有提升效应。根据以上结论提出因地制宜推广普及绿色生态技术,资金扶持推动采纳绿色生态技术,加强引导提升农民组织化程度等政策建议。     

Pleasure and belief in Hume's Decision Process

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce explicitly pleasure and belief in what aims at being a Humean theory of decision, like the one developed in Diaye and Lapidus (2005a). Although we support the idea that Hume was in some way a hedonist – evidently different from Bentham's or Jevons' way – we lay emphasis less on continuity than on the specific kind of hedonism encountered in Hume's writings (chiefly the Treatise, the second Enquiry, the Dissertation, or some of his Essays). Such hedonism clearly contrasts to its standard modern inheritance, expressed by the relation between preferences and utility.

The reason for such a difference with the usual approach lies in the mental process that Hume puts to the fore in order to explain the way pleasure determines desires and volition. Whereas pleasure is primarily, in Hume's words, an impression of sensation, it takes place in the birth of passions as reflecting an idea of pleasure, whose “force and vivacity” is precisely a “belief”, transferred to the direct passions of desire or volition that come immediately before action. As a result, from a Humean point of view, “belief” deals with decision under risk or uncertainty, as well as with intertemporal decision and indiscrimination problems.

The latter are explored within a formal framework, and it is shown that the relation of pleasure is transformed by belief into a non-empty class of relations of desire, among which at least one is a preorder.     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

Globalization,Neoliberalism and the attack on social security

Neoliberal political movements advocate privatization of public pension systems. Globalization imposes pressure on nations to conform to neoliberal policy views with respect to the design and structure of social insurance, including public pension systems. The paper begins with an investigation of the economic, ethical and ideological dimensions of the privatization debates in the U.S.; it argues that privatization advocates may be largely moved by ideology, since the other reasons advanced appear weak or unfounded. The second part discusses the history of Social Security, the purposes for its creation, and some of its economic effects. Differences between public and private pension systems are considered. A brief international comparison of some aspects of public pension system finance and benefit structures is presented. The final section considers the ethical, macroeconomic and distributional implications of privatization, prefunding and payroll tax funding, and argues for a pay as you go system financed with income taxes. In order to promote equity, economic security, community, and social cohesion, public pension systems should be universal in coverage. In order to reduce the inequality, income insecurity, and aged poverty generated by market economies, public pension systems ought to be progressive: benefit/contribution ratios should be inversely proportional to income, and progressive income taxes should finance the system. To promote economic growth, the systems should be financed on a pay-as-you-go basis, and should not be prefunded except for an emergency reserve. The fiscal policy recommendations partially depend upon the theory developed by Abba Lerner in the 1940s, and recently advanced by Wynne Godley and Randy Wray: Lerner's “principle of functional finance.”     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Perspective on the Economic Evolution of the European Union States Under the Impact of the Pandemic and Financial-Economic Crisis

The European Union,which is at the beginning of its term of office for all Member States in the European Parliament,the European Commission,its governing body a...     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Forecasting the price of gold

This article seeks to evaluate the appropriateness of a variety of existing forecasting techniques (17 methods) at providing accurate and statistically significant forecasts for gold price. We report the results from the nine most competitive techniques. Special consideration is given to the ability of these techniques to provide forecasts which outperforms the random walk (RW) as we noticed that certain multivariate models (which included prices of silver, platinum, palladium and rhodium, besides gold) were also unable to outperform the RW in this case. Interestingly, the results show that none of the forecasting techniques are able to outperform the RW at horizons of 1 and 9 steps ahead, and on average, the exponential smoothing model is seen providing the best forecasts in terms of the lowest root mean squared error over the 24-month forecasting horizons. Moreover, we find that the univariate models used in this article are able to outperform the Bayesian autoregression and Bayesian vector autoregressive models, with exponential smoothing reporting statistically significant results in comparison with the former models, and classical autoregressive and the vector autoregressive models in most cases.     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.