“一带一路”战略下江苏省民营企业生产率对海外投资的影响

自"走出去"战略作为我国政府大力支持的海外投资战略以来,我国企业海外投资逐年增加;2013年"一带一路"倡议的提出更加快了我国企业走出去进行海外投资。企业已由原来的国有企业主导向国有企业与民营企业"双轮驱动"转变,民营企业在海外投资中所占份额越来越高。文章基于江苏省2003~2016年的季度样本数据,通过构建VAR模型,分析江苏省民营企业企业生产率对企业进行海外投资的影响。实证结果表明:江苏省民营企业生产率与海外投资之间长期明显存在稳定关系,且企业生产率对海外投资具有显著的正相关关系,即企业生产率越高,其海外投资越多。     

从简单获取资源向境外长期经营转变

中国企业必须改变投资策略，以可持续的理念来看待海外投资和经营。设立政府支持的海外投资基金方式来支持民营企业走向海外投资。     

民营企业在海外投资中的问题与对策研究——以福建省民营企业为例

文章以福建省民营企业为例,首先介绍了目前民营企业的概况,然后结合福建省民营企业分析了民营企业海外投资的特点,据此提出我国民营企业海外投资过程中面临的问题,最后针对海外投资中的问题作了相应的对策研究.     

民营企业赴美上市融资的思与辩——2010第四届中外跨国公司CEO圆桌会议暨"中国民营企业赴美上市融资论坛"

全球化时代,中国开展跨国投资合作以及中国企业走出去是国际化的必然结果.国际化经营对于起步晚、开放时间短、接触国际市场不够深入的多数国内企业来说先天不足.在后危机时代,中国民营企业海外上市融资是否迎来了最佳时机?哪类企业更适合上市?民营企业进行海外投资、融资面临的主要挑战是什么?该如何选择投资形式?     

中美双边投资协定谈判:民营企业对外投资的双刃剑

近年来中美两国之间的贸易往来不断加深,经济联系日趋紧密,中美双边投资协定谈判也逐步走出僵局,不断向更深层次的领域推进。然而,不断深入的谈判在促进中国外贸经济往来的同时,也使中国对外投资面临更大的风险。民营企业作为中国"走出去"战略中的主力军,谈判对其海外投资的影响不容忽视。本文将在分析中美双边投资协定谈判过程以及我国民营企业对外投资现状的基础上,结合美国2012双边投资协定范本,讨论谈判对民营企业对外投资的积极影响和消极影响,并提出消除相关不利影响的对策,以保证民营企业对外投资的发展步伐。     

我国民营企业海外投资非商业风险防范

如何防范民营企业海外投资的非商业风险,是国际投资学研究的重要课题。本文在分析我国民营企业的现状及固有局限的基础上,探讨了非商业风险的评估方法,并提出了针对民营企业海外投资非商业风险的防范策略。     

东道国金融结构与中国企业海外投资不足:缓解还是加剧?

基于2003-2018年中国企业海外投资数据,文章拓展Richardson（2006）模型测算中国企业海外投资不足的样本及其程度,并实证检验了东道国金融结构对企业海外投资不足的影响及其作用渠道。估计结果发现,东道国金融结构越是趋向于市场主导型,越可显著缓解中国海外投资不足的程度;随着企业海外投资不足的加剧,东道国金融结构市场化程度的提高对其缓解作用逐渐增强。异质性分组检验还表明,若投资企业为非国有企业、制造业企业、海外并购企业或者选择在非"一带一路"沿线国家投资的企业,上述缓解作用更为显著。基于有调节的中介效应模型进一步发现,东道国市场主导型金融结构主要通过限制融资约束来缓解中国企业的海外投资不足,而企业所在地日臻改善的制度环境对融资约束这一中介变量发挥了负向的调节作用。     

海外投资亟须重视风险管理

近年来,中国大规模的海外投资被视为"中国崛起"的新标志。然而,海外投资规模的急剧扩大、资产份额的快速提升,也意味着海外投资风险的日益加大,中国要学会跨国投资的风险管理。     

浙江省民营企业对外投资法律支持体系研究

在经济全球化的大背景下,随着商品、劳务贸易、资本流动的纵深发展,作为孕育了许多本土民营企业的浙江省,更是以先头兵的姿态走在中国民营企业国际舞台的前沿。然而我国现行法律和行政法规已经不足以满足经济全球化推动下民营企业对外投资的规模与发展速度。本课题旨在总结浙江省民营企业对外投资现状、我国现行立法状况,并在此基础上从民营企业对外投资的审批、资金支持、风险防范、融资能力等角度出发,研究保护和促进浙江省民营企业对外投资的可行性路径,完善浙江省民营企业对外投资法律支持体系,为日后形成一部统一的海外投资基本法提供建议。     

民企投资非洲的喜与忧

2006年。中非合作论坛北京峰会暨第三届部长级会议的召开。开辟了中非合作的新前景。也为我国诸多企业实施“引进来”和“走出去”战略提供了良好的平台。本文作者在实地调查后。针对四川民企在非洲市场发展的状况。分析了民营企业在海外投资发展中遇到的诸多现实障碍。并提出了具体的解决策略。本刊编发此文。以期对西部更多民企如何在海外投资以借鉴。[编者按]     

宁波工业企业跨国并购现状、问题与对策研究

近年来,伴随民营企业对外直接投资规模的迅猛发展,工业企业作为宁波民营企业的主体,其"走出去"已经成为研究的焦点。本文在分析宁波工业企业发展现状的基础上,分析了宁波工业企业跨国并购的特点以及存在的问题,最后从政府、企业、行业协会和服务中介三个方面有针对性地提出了具体对策。     

Capital Markets and Capital Formation in Australia, 1945–1990

This survey article continues the author's examination of the interaction between domestic capital markets and capital formation by studying the 45 years after the end of World War II. (Part 1 appeared in AEHR 37 (3) 1997.) The significant rise and the sustained increase in the ratio of gross domestic capital formation to gross domestic product (GDP) posed challenges to local deposit taking institutions and capital markets to mobilize savings. The changing balance between public and private investment, and between investment by businesses and households, was reflected in the relative importance of government and private debt, and equity. The capital markets and financial institutions proved themselves to be adaptable enough to finance more than 90 per cent of postwar capital formation. However, the increasing inward and outward flows of foreign direct investment have weakened the nexus between the supply of domestic savings and capital formation.     

Private capital flows,stock market and economic growth in developed and developing countries: A comparative analysis

Empirically we investigate how three types of private capital flows could promote economic growth in recipient developed and developing countries. Our focus is on the role of stock markets as a channel through which foreign capital flows could promote growth. The findings reveal that FDI exhibits a positive impact on growth, while both foreign debt and portfolio investment have a negative impact on growth in all sample countries. However, our results indicate that stock markets might be a significant channel or leading institutional factor through which capital flows affect economic growth. The findings provide clear implications that the negative impact of private capital flows can be transformed into a positive one if the stock market development has attained a certain threshold level, regardless of whether it is in developed or developing countries.     

Promoting of Investment in Africa*

Abstract: This paper examines the trend, constraints, promotion, and prospects of investment – domestic investment, foreign direct investment, and private portfolio investment – in Africa. After identifying the importance of investment in Africa's economic development, it was shown that all forms of investment are low in Africa and hence inadequate for the attainment of the MDGs and poverty reduction in the continent. The constraining factors include: low resources mobilization; high degree of uncertainty; poor governance, corruption, and low human capital development; unfavorable regulatory environment and poor infrastructure, small individual country sizes; high dependence on primary commodities exports and increased competition; poor image abroad; shortage of foreign exchange and the burden of huge domestic and external debt; and undeveloped capital markets, their high volatility, and home bias by foreign investors. The paper recommends that successful promotion of both domestic, foreign direct and portfolio investment in Africa will require actions and measures at the national, regional, and international levels. It concludes that the prospects are bright. New and attractive investment opportunities are emerging in infrastructure, particularly as most African countries now encourage public/private partnerships for investments in this sector. In addition to privatization, renewed interest within Africa in undertaking regionally based projects and joint exploitation of natural resources is creating other investment opportunities. Apart from the fact that investment in Africa yields the highest returns, investment risk in the continent is declining. In addition, much progress has been made in recent years to improve the investment climate in Africa. All this is of course is not to deny that obstacles do remain hence economic reforms to enhance domestic investment would need to be complemented by measures to attract increased foreign capital. Critical in such endeavors must be efforts to improve governance in some countries as well as to eliminate socio‐political violence in others and development of domestic capital markets, while government institutions must be modernized and upgraded.     

The evolution of commercial banking and financial markets in Taiwan

Over the past five decades, Taiwan has achieved rapid economic development. Correspondingly, Taiwan’s financial system has been gradually transformed from a controlled system into a liberalized one, from a state banking system into a private banking one, and from an inward investment system into an outward investment one. In the financial market, the interest rate and foreign exchange rate have always been completely determined by market forces. As for capital movements, there are no controls on trade-related capital transactions. Only inward investment in stock markets is still subject to a ceiling imposed by the Central Bank. Financial institutions are gradually being liberalized, although the process is rather slow. Many private banks have been established since 1991, creating a competitive situation in the banking sector. Since the financial crisis broke out in East Asia, Taiwan has suffered less from its impact because its economic fundamentals are comparatively sound. However, it will still take a considerable amount of time before Taiwan’s financial system is fully liberalized.     

FOREIGN INVESTMENT AND THE ROLE OF JOINT VENTURES

Foreign investment in developing countries and in economies in transition may be discouraged by fluctuations in the value of local currencies, particularly when risk sharing markets, such as currency future markets are missing. International joint ventures can be regarded as an institution for risk sharing. We demonstrate that a properly designed joint venture between the foreign firm and a local partner makes foreign investment more likely. Furthermore, foreign investment may be increased by a joint venture.     

Obstacles in attracting increased portfolio investment into southern Africa

Measured in terms of foreign participation in its domestic financial markets, the major part of southern Africa has to date been largely isolated from international financial markets and the process of financial globalisation. With the exception of South Africa and, to a lesser extent, Mauritius, the region receives negligible amounts of foreign portfolio investment. For the majority of countries, the main types of foreign capital inflows consist of development assistance and foreign direct investment. Foreign portfolio investment, which has hitherto remained largely untapped, may become important in future, especially in view of the dwindling international development assistance to the region. However, portfolio investment is volatile and can be relatively easily withdrawn, posing some financial risk to an economy that has to be managed. This article identifies and assesses possible obstacles to foreign portfolio investment in the region, which could be addressed over time in order to improve the region's competitiveness for foreign investment.     

Exports, FDI, and Productivity: Dynamic Evidence from Japanese Firms

This paper examines the relationship between exports, foreign direct investment, and firm productivity. Using longitudinal panel data on Japanese firms, it is found that the most productive firms engage in exports and foreign direct investment, medium productive firms engage in either exports or foreign direct investment, and the least productive firms focus only on the domestic market. Moreover, exports and foreign direct investment appear to improve firm productivity once the productivity convergence effect is controlled for. Firms that retain a presence in foreign markets, either by exports or foreign direct investment, show the highest productivity growth, which contributes to improvements in national productivity. JEL no. F10, F20, D21     

Exploring ‘onward-journey’ ODI strategies in China's private sector businesses

Are the internationalization strategies of China's private businesses different from those of state-owned businesses? To date, little systematic empirical research addresses this question, despite the now well-established arguments that market and institutional imperfections influence the outward foreign direct investment (ODI) of China's state sector MNEs. Why is so little known about private sector foreign direct investment? One important reason is that private companies have gone to considerable lengths to conceal their activities by using offshore holding companies in tax havens. This paper, using a sample of offshore listed companies that are privately controlled, investigates what we dub ‘onward-journeying’ – foreign direct investment undertaken via tax havens. In doing so it further explores the ODI strategies of some of China's most successful private companies.     

China as a Net Creditor： An Indication of Strength or Weaknesses？

China's international investment position is characterized by large net foreign assets, a dominance of low‐return foreign exchange reserves and costly foreign direct investment in foreign assets and foreign liabilities. In addition, China's foreign investment positions are facing potentially large exchange risks. These features reflect entrenched institutional and structural problems in China, including underdeveloped capital markets, biased resource allocation and a defective social security system. China's net creditor status might actually be an indication of weakness rather than strength. To improve its international investment position, China must speed up economic reforms and allow the market to play a fundamental role in resource allocation.