浅谈保险资金投资REITs

2009年10月1日,新修订的《保险法》允许保险资金可以投资于不动产,房地产作为不动产内容之一,可以成为保险资金投资渠道之一。REITs作为房地产市场股权投资的一种方式,具有非关联性、高流动性和高回报率的特点,这与保险经营具有的强外部性、成本滞后性、资金运转周期长等特点相吻合,为保险资金投资房地产搭建了难得的操作平台。通过分析保险资金投资REITs存在风险,并给出相关建议,对我国保险资金投资REITs发展起到一定的指导作用。     

国内中小型民营房地产开发企业发展REITs探索

自2020年4月30日,中国证券监督管理委员会、中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会印发《关于推进基础设施领域不动产投资信托基金（REITs）试点相关工作的通知》,明确在重点领域以个案方式开展基础设施REITS试点以来,我国国内发行基础设施项目REITs已超过14支,发行保障性住房REITs达3支,总市值超100亿美元,发展速度较快。REITs作为一种新兴的房地产投资工具,可以为中小型民营房地产开发企业提供融资渠道,降低企业的融资成本,促进企业的健康发展。同时,REITs还可以提高房地产市场的透明度和流动性,吸引更多投资者参与。文章从国内REITS的发展情况出发,分析了我国REITs的发展概况及存在的问题,并提出国内中小民营房地产企业REITs发展建议,旨在促进我国中小民营企业的健康发展。     

保险资金撞击“地产之门”

去年3月，基础设施项目投资向保险资金“开闸”，揭开了保险资金间接投资不动产的序幕。但只有公路、铁路、市政项目等被列入投资项目中，房地产仍属禁区。     

个贷全面收紧

险资不允许直投房地产 《保险资金运用管理暂行办法（草案）》已于2月初上交保监会主席办公会议审议并原则通过。目前，已上报国务院择机发布。据悉，险资投资不动产占比已从6％下降到5％以下，保险资金不允许投资居民住房、商业房地产以及参与房地产开发。     

保险金曲线涉足楼市

保险资金投资不动产终于有法可依。然而，从立法上允许投资不动产，到官方表态“目前不进入房地产”，再到近期的紧急摸底，保监会的态度似乎是并不急于进入。外界分析是由于房地产市场正处于敏感时期——     

保险业与地产业:打造“双赢”格局

对于投资渠道狭窄的中国保险业而言,开闸房地产领域的投资是迟早的事情,因为开闸意味着能使得保险资金的投资领域更多元化、更有效率。早在7月,保监会就为10月1日开始实施的新《保险法》进行预热,而保险资金投资不动产     

中国与成熟市场REITs发展的对比分析

REITs诞生于20世纪60年代的美国,根据《1960年不动产投资信托法案》建立,是一种通过发行证券(基金单位),集合公众投资者资金,由专门机构经营管理,并将投资综合收益按比例分配给投资者的信托资金。通过REITs,投资者能像投资其他高流动性证券一样参与大规模收入型不动产组合投资,获得不动产的投资收益。     

保险资金开闸，不动产影响几何

2008年8月25日．十一届全国人大常委会第四次会议审议了保险法修订草案，将明确增加保险资金可以投资于不动产，从而将为保险资金合规投资于不动产奠定法律基础。2009年2月28日，十一届全国人大常委会第七次会议审议通过了《中华人民共和国保险法（修订案）》。修订后的保险法将于2009年10月1日起施行，也就是意味着2009年10月1日起保险资金将可以投资不动产。     

保监会发布保险资金投资股权和不动产暂行办法

中国保监会近日发布《保险资金投资股权暂行办法》和《保险资金投资不动产暂行办法》，允许保险资金投资未上市企业股权和不动产，并对投资主体、资质条件、投资方式、投资标的、投资规范、风险控制和监督管理等事项，进行了全面和系统的规定。     

REITs与类似概念比较分析

房地产业是资金密集型行业,根据国外发展经验,房地产市场发展到一定阶段必将启动投资市场和资产证券化市场.尤其近几年,政府对房地产宏观调控更是加快了我国房地产行业和金融行业的全面结合,而REITs作为目前最能够有效融合房地产、投资、资产证券化这三个市场工具,无疑成为备受关注和青睐的房地产金融产产品.但目前RE-ITS在国内还是一个新生事物,处于起步和探索阶段,对REITs定义比较混乱,尤其普遍存在房地产信托、房地产产业投资基金、上市房地产公司和REITs概念的混淆问题.因此笔者在阐述REITs概念及特点的基础上,对此进行了比较分析.     

Voluntary income clustering and the demand for housing and local public goods

Economists have suggested that wealthy communities use “fiscal zoning” in order to protect their tax bases. Such zoning would be unnecessary if tastes for local public goods were sufficiently correlated with tastes for the taxed good, residential property. The common notion of “bid rent” can be extended to derive a formula to show under what conditions fiscal zoning is redundant. Our information about the values of the relevant parameters is not sufficiently precise, however, to determine whether these conditions are met.     

Profit maximizing communities and the theory of local public expenditure

This paper examines profit maximization as a normative criterion for communities in a large metropolitan area. We develop a Tiebout-like model of residential location, define the “profits” of a community, and show that profit maximization leads to the efficient provision of public services and optimal community size. Communities do not in general act as profit maximizers, however, because individual property owners may not all share in a community's profits. Two institutional reforms are therefore suggested that would alter the distribution of profits in a way that makes the self-interested actions of property owners consonant with community profit maximization.     

The impact of positive property tax differentials on the timing of development

To date, few empirical studies have focused on the location decision by residential developers in response to changes in the property tax. Based on a dynamic time-to-development model by Turnbull, this paper finds, using 17 years of parcel level data from Saint Louis County, Missouri, that higher than average tax rates increase the time-to-development for vacant parcels by between 4 and 11%, all else equal. Additionally this paper finds that the tax differential effect is cumulative, resulting in about a 20% increase in the time-to-development for the parcel facing the average number of years with a higher than average rate. These results support the analytical results by both Turnbull [Turnbull, G.K., 1988. The effects of local taxes and public services on residential development patterns. Journal of Regional Science, 28 (4), 541–562.] and McMillen [McMillen, D.P., 1990. The timing and duration of development tax rate increases. Journal of Urban Economics, 28, 1–18.] that the property tax can distort residential capital markets leading to inefficient urban growth, or sprawl.     

社区经济自治存在的问题及制度创新

从业主经济自治组织制度建设存在的问题出发,剖析了业主自治组织处境艰难,不能有效行使管理主体的权利,同时也难以承担管理主体责任的原因,进而对北京社区物业管理中业主经济自治组织的制度创新提出了若干建议.     

Determinants of local housing growth in a multi-jurisdictional region,along with a test for nonmarket zoning

In the State of New Jersey, two rural preservation tools are paramount: (1) Zoning that sets a floor on the size of residential lots; and (2) the outright acquisition of open space or its development rights by government and nonprofit entities. The present study explores the effects of these two policies on the number of building permits issued across 83 municipalities in northern New Jersey. The empirical work is based on a widely-used urban development model that uses both monocentric and polycentric factors to allocate growth across a set of suburban communities. The study also develops a growth-based test for binding minimum-lot-size zoning, leveraging the fact that the 83 communities are in a single housing market and must serve the distribution of home and lot-size demand collectively, not individually. The study finds strong evidence of excess large-lot zoning, leading to the suppression of short-term housing growth in communities that specialize in this particular “product.” No firm evidence is found that residential development is attracted to the amenities that flow from either large-lot zoning or open space set asides.     

物业管理在监测控制技术防治白蚁工作中的作用

随着国民经济的发展,绿色、低碳的环保理念逐渐被公众接受。白蚁监测控制技术是一种以白蚁种群为目标、大幅度减少有毒化学品排放的绿色、环保的白蚁防治新技术。本文主要论述了应用监控喷粉技术防治白蚁过程中物业管理企业的作用,为物业管理企业在白蚁综合治理和人居环境改善方面发挥新的功能提供参考。     

浙江宅基地和农房产权制度调查研究

基于2009-2010年组织的浙江10个县(市、区)农户和官员问卷调研,描述浙江宅基地与农房产权管理现状,论述各地宅基地与农房产权制度改革实践探索情况,并分析宅基地与农房产权制度改革需求和方向。调查分析表明,当前各地宅基地与产权管理现状差异较大,农户和官员对宅基地与产权制度改革需求较大。建议采取有力措施,推动宅基地与农房产权制度改革,保障农民的财产权益,提高农民的财产性收入。     

浅析内地物业管理的发展战略

针对我国目前物业管理业所面临的挑战与机遇,提出了物业管理企业的初步发展战略构思,以求为我国物业管理企业迅速健康发展提供参考建议。     

商业行业产权结构调整及其对企业效率影响的实证研究

产权结构的差异影响企业激励约束机制的发挥,影响资源的有效配置及利用程度,并作用于资本和劳动力的投入、生产和管理成本、产出水平、技术进步、规模经济等方面,带来企业投入产出效率的分化。商业行业上市公司的基本趋势是国有型产权结构逐渐转向法人控股型产权结构,其10多年的效率变化实证分析表明,不同产权结构的企业之间存在显著的效率差异;产权结构的调整导致了企业效率的提升。     

Labor mobility and the incidence of the residential property tax

This paper analyzes the incidence of the residential property tax in an economy with two communities. Workers are perfectly mobile so that their utility levels are equal in the two communities in equilibrium. The property tax is modeled as an ad valorem tax on housing services.