Regional capital mobility in China: 1978-2006

We examine cross-region capital mobility in China and track how the degree of mobility has changed over time. The effects of fiscal and redistributive activities of different levels of government in China on private capital mobility are taken into account. Our results indicate that there was a significant improvement in capital mobility over time in China, particularly for private capital in the more developed regions. The central and provincial governments, via their taxation, spending, and transfers, loosen the relationship between private saving and investment and appear to promote capital mobility, particularly for less developed regions. There are considerable differences between more and less developed regions in terms of the degree of capital market integration and the improvement in capital mobility over time. The results have important policy implications on global re-balancing as well as regional development gap and risk-sharing within China.     

人力资本投资与旅游产业发展的区域差异研究

以我国31个省的1999~2011年的面板数据为基础,实证中国不同地区人力资本投资对旅游业发展的影响。结果表明,高等教育对旅游产业发展的作用显著,而中等教育的作用不显著,且存在区域差异;在高等教育发达地区,高等教育对旅游业发展的效应不显著,而在高等教育落后地区则较为显著。中部地区高等教育的旅游产业反馈效应一般。因此,高等教育落后地区要重视旅游高等教育的规模和质量,教育发达地区要重视旅游教育的结构和层次。     

Human Capital Allocation and Enterprise Innovation Performance: An Example of China's Knowledge-Intensive Service Industry

This paper examines the impact of human capital mismatch on the innovation performance of knowledge-intensive service enterprises. Taking China's knowledge-intensive service industries (KISI) as our research object, we construct a human capital allocation measurement framework to evaluate the current state of human capital allocation of sub-industries in China using the 2007 and 2013 Chinese Household Income Project data and Chinese A-share listed company data. Results show that human capital mismatch do exist in China's knowledge-intensive service industries, which exerts inhibitory effect on the innovation performance of KISI enterprises. We further find that such an effect varies with regions and industries. Our study aims to provide useful reference for relevant departments in stimulating innovation and accelerating market reform.     

中国传媒产业要素市场扭曲对全要素生产率的影响

基于2013-2017年《中国文化及相关产业统计年鉴》数据,采用C-D生产函数法和Malmquist指数法分别测算中国传媒产业的资本、劳动力要素市场扭曲度以及全要素生产率。结果显示：中国传媒产业劳动力要素存在较大的负向扭曲,资本要素存在负向扭曲和正向扭曲两极分化现象,全要素生产率存在不稳定现象。用一般最小二乘法回归模型考察要素市场扭曲对全要素生产率的作用,发现中国传媒要素市场扭曲度与全要素生产率呈正相关,且劳动要素扭曲度效应大于资本要素扭曲度效应。结果表明,中国传媒产业全要素增长的一部分贡献率来自于要素市场扭曲,这在长期内会抑制中国传媒产业发展。因此,降低市场壁垒,促进市场竞争,消除要素市场扭曲,有利于提升传媒产业全要素生产率。     

权益资本成本的行业特征研究

以2004~2011年沪深A股上市公司为样本,研究权益资本成本的行业差异以及行业特征对权益资本成本的影响。研究发现:行业门类层面和制造业次类层面的权益资本成本差异显著,这种差异在时序上较为稳定。行业竞争程度越低,权益资本成本越小,体现了产品市场竞争的特质性风险效应,行业收益波动和行业成长性分别对权益资本成本产生显著的正向影响和负向影响。企业会计准则的改革强化了行业因素对权益资本成本的影响。     

Intellectual capital disclosures by South African companies: A longitudinal investigation

Most of the previous studies on intellectual capital disclosures have been conducted from developed countries' context. There is very limited empirical evidence in this area from the context of emerging economies in general and Africa in particular. This paper is one of the early attempts in this regard. The main purpose of this study is to examine the extent and nature of intellectual capital disclosures in ‘Top 20’ South African companies over a 5 years period (2002–2006). The study uses content analysis method to scrutinise the patterns of intellectual capital disclosures during the study period. The results show that intellectual capital disclosures in South Africa have increased over the 5 years study period with certain firms reporting considerably more than others. Out of the three broad categories of intellectual capital disclosures human capital appears to be the most popular category. This finding stands in sharp contrast to the previous studies in this area where external capital was found to be most popular category.     

基于市场分割的地方政府补贴对地区贸易出口的影响

选取2002年到2015年14年间中国30个省（直辖市、自治区）数据,采用系统GMM模型,考量中国地方政府补贴对中国地方贸易出口量的影响。结果发现：地方政府补贴对地区贸易出口的影响主要是通过市场分割实现,但FDI会弱化地方政府补贴对地区贸易出口的正向效应。     

中国能源利用效率β收敛性的区域研究

在生产理论框架下,构建投入导向、规模报酬不变的超效率DEA模型,利用全国30个省市(不含西藏)2000-2014年数据测度出我国八大经济区域的全要素能源效率,并建立收敛回归模型对八大区域能源利用效率进行β收敛检验.分析发现:我国能源利用效率呈现出"一降两波动一稳、总体上升"的态势,且存在绝对β收敛和条件β收敛.分地区来看,黄河中游地区、长江中游地区和西南地区通过绝对β收敛检验,且收敛速度高出全国水平;北部沿海地区各省市能源利用效率差异在增加.对条件β收敛而言,除南部沿海地区在产业结构作用下和西北地区在技术进步作用下条件β收敛系数不显著,其他各区域在技术进步、产业结构和对外开放程度的作用下均存在条件β收敛.     

Reserve stockpiling and managing its monetary consequences: the Indian experience

India's foreign exchange reserves have risen rapidly since the balance-of-payment crisis in 1991 to over US$155 billion by mid-2006. India is now the fifth largest Asian reserve holder. Despite this, scant attention has been paid to the rationale for and impact of reserves accumulation in India. This paper estimates the extent of de facto sterilization and capital mobility concurrently for the period 1990:q1–2004:q4. While India appears to have sterilized capital inflows quite aggressively, as the extent of de facto capital mobility continues to rise, it might become increasingly difficult to continue to sterilize going forward.     

美国量化宽松货币政策对中国短期资本流动的影响分析

在分析美国三轮量化宽松货币政策发展情况及金融危机期间我国短期资本流入状况基础上,对美国量化宽松货币政策对我国短期资本流动的影响进行实证分析,结果发现:美国利率的变化对我国短期资本流动具有短期推动作用,但长期内趋于平衡;美国直接量化的货币政策会造成我国短期资本大量流入。     

金融支持促进高技术产业技术创新成效的区域性差异研究

基于随机效应面板泊松回归模型,考量不同类型的金融支持措施对我国东、中、西区域高技术产业技术创新活动的影响。结果表明：政府的资金支持促进了东、中、西各区域高技术产业的技术创新,资本市场的金融支持只对东、中部区域的高技术产业的技术创新有促进作用,金融机构的金融支持只对西部区域的高技术产业技术创新有促进作用,金融支持对高技术产业技术创新的作用存在显著的区域性差异。通过加大政府支持的力度和体现区域差异、建设西部地区资本市场发展的共享机制、提升金融机构风险管理技术水平等措施可以提升金融支持促进高技术产业技术创新的效果。     

China's capital flight: Pre- and post-crisis experiences

We study China's illicit capital flow and document a change in its pattern. Specifically, we observe that China's capital flight, especially the one measured by trade misinvoicing, exhibits a weakened response in the post-2007 period to the covered interest disparity, which is a theoretical determinant of capital flight. Further analyses indicate that the post-2007 behavior is influenced by quantitative easing and other factors including exchange rate variability, capital control policy and trade frictions. Our study confirms that China's capital flight pattern and its determinants are affected by the crisis event. Further, both the canonical and additional explanatory variables have different effects on different measures of capital flight. These results highlight the challenges of managing China's capital flight, which requires information on the period and the type of capital flight that the policy authorities would like to target.     

Potential Spatial Labor and Human Capital Mobility in China: Evidence from College Admissions Under the National College Entrance Examination System

Abstract:

Higher education in China plays an important role in promoting labor and human capital mobility. In this paper, I empirically address the issue of regional disparities, college admissions under the National College Entrance Examination (CEE) system, and potential interregional labor and human capital mobility in China. The results show that examinees from western provinces have a strong preference for coastal universities, compared with examinees from central provinces. College admissions in China then seem to have a stronger effect on potential labor and human capital movement from the western to the coastal regions than from the central to the coastal regions.     

我国传媒上市企业资本结构与公司绩效关系的实证研究

资本市场的大幅膨胀,传媒企业竞相上市,中国传媒行业掀起一波融资热潮。以我国的传媒行业2007～2009年数据为研究样本对我国传媒上市企业资本结构与公司绩效关系进行实证研究,结果表明,我国传媒业的资本结构与企业绩效之间存在负相关关系,此外,模型中加入的控制变量中股权集中度、公司成长性、资产流动性以及股权流动性与资本结构存在显著的线性相关性。     

Ecological compensation in air pollution governance: China's efforts,challenges, and potential solutions

The Chinese government has proposed to establish an ecological compensation (EC) mechanism for air quality to deal with the country's serious air pollution problem; however, the process has not progressed smoothly due to a lack of specific technical guidance. This study draws lessons from the preliminary pilot projects that some provinces and cities have conducted, aiming to provide insights that will inform policy and decision makers in effectively designing future EC initiatives. By reviewing 45 case studies, we find that EC has typical regional characteristics with high provincial heterogeneity regarding the compensation factor, compensation formula, and compensation standard. Although great efforts have been made in the pilots, China's municipal EC programs still have much room for improvement. Currently, nearly 93% of regions have adopted the territorial model to define environmental responsibility for monitoring sites, and 68% have not implemented the urban and county classification assessment. We argue that both actions will weaken the effectiveness of the EC policy because they cannot clearly define regional environmental responsibilities. To ensure fairness, this study suggests the simultaneous adoption of shared responsibility by adjacent administrative regions and the territorial model, when calculating the environmental responsibility of each assessed object. This study not only reveals the progress and challenges of China's EC practices in air quality but also provides important references for the construction of EC mechanisms in other regions.     

基于贝叶斯动态面板数据模型的中国出口贸易地区结构研究

运用贝叶斯动态面板数据模型考量中国出口贸易的地区结构差异性,结果表明:基于Gibbs抽样算法的贝叶斯动态面板回归模型能有效刻画各地区出口竞争力的路径依赖特征;FDI对出口竞争力的影响具有一定的时滞性,而汇率波动对出口竞争力的影响则具有明显的地域差异性。     

利用外资对我国区域技术创新溢出效应的动态面板研究

采用2000~2010年相关数据,运用动态面板数据模型进行实证分析,发现利用外资对我国东、中、西三大区域都产生了正向技术创新溢出效应,且西部地区溢出效应最明显,其次是东部地区,而中部地区最小。考察不同区域研发机构内生增长机制后发现,东部地区的动态效应最显著,其次是中部地区东、中、西最小。研究同时发现,经济发展水平、贸易开放度、科研投入水平和人力资本水平对技术创新的影响也存在区域效应。     

Venture capital certification of small and medium-sized enterprises towards banks: evidence from China

Through a proprietary dataset of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) on China's National Equities Exchange and Quotations (NEEQ), we examine the impact of venture capital (VC) backup on access to bank loans by SMEs. We find that VC backup can help SMEs obtain more bank loans under better conditions and significantly relieve their financing constraint. This is especially meaningful for private SMEs, those in high-tech, in regions of less-developed banking industry, or with lower quality accounting information. This study may have policy implications as a pilot ‘combined debt-equity financing’ discussion in the context of the largest bank-based economy.     

What drives China's current account?

The paper offers an empirical taxonomy of the factors driving China's current account. A simple present-value model with non-tradeable goods explains more than 70 percent of current account variability over the period 1982–2007, including the persistent surpluses since 2001. It also correctly predicts the decline of China's current account since 2008. Expected increases in the prices of non-tradeables (e.g. housing and medical care) and expected declines in net output (GDP less investment and government spending) are the main channels of external adjustment. Much of China's current account surplus seems driven by shocks that have global effects by persistently depressing the world real interest rate. This is consistent with recent theoretical models that suggest that factors related to China's domestic financial development are key in understanding global imbalances.     

货币政策与财政政策的区域效应研究——基于中国31个省级面板数据的PVAR模型分析

通过建立一个四自变量两层级的面板向量自回归模型（PVAR）,以2004年1月~2012年9月中国31个省际面板数据为研究样本,针对货币政策与财政政策的区域效应进行了实证检验。结果表明,经济发达地区的经济增长对货币政策中的存款准备金比率调整较为敏感,而经济不发达地区对货币政策中的公开市场操作的敏感性更强;财政政策对经济次发达地区和经济不发达地区的经济增长和物价水平增长的影响较为显著,对经济发达地区影响相对较小。