法兴银行事件引发的对话

张智敏：1个多月前,成立于1864年的法国兴业银行因为操作风险控制不力,导致出现巨额损失。在全球金融业为法国兴业银行事件（以下简称法兴事件）震惊与错讹之余,确有很多值得我们认真反思的问题。在操作风险控制层面,法国兴业银行（以下简称法兴银行）存在着哪些缺失？     

全球十大流氓交易员

前法国兴业银行交易员杰洛米·柯维尔（JermeKerviel）最近重返法庭，对因未获授权交易而导致法国兴业银行损失高达64亿美元被判三年有期徒刑的指控提出上诉。在柯维尔上诉期间，法庭暂缓了对其指控的判决。柯维尔声称法国兴业银行对其风险交易应有全面的认识。但柯维尔并不是这个世界上诈骗自己公司的唯一交易员。在他的指引下，榜样的力量是无穷的。下面是美国《期货》杂志最新评出的全球十大流氓交易员（倒记数排名榜）。     

透过法国兴业银行案浅析中央银行会计风险防范

法国兴业银行于2008年1月23日宣布,一名内部交易员利用公司系统漏洞买卖期货,令公司损失71．4亿美元。这是全球银行业历史上最大规模的欺诈案之一。1995年的巴林银行倒闭案仍令我们记忆犹新,法国兴业银行案又再次为我们敲响了警钟。     

马蓉露的法式“中国经”

时值中法两国建交50周年和法国兴业银行成立150周年,把目光再次投向法国兴业银行（以下简称为“法兴银行”或“法兴”）在中国的发展别具意义。早在1981年,法兴就进入中国,以投资银行业务服务中国市场。2008年8月4日,法国兴业银行（中国）有限公司获得中国银行业监督委员会的批准成立,在中国市场建立外商独资银行,这一动作正为拉开一个深入中国发展的序幕。     

国家税务总局关于发布《电信企业增值税征收管理暂行办法》的公告

（2014年5月14日国家税务总局公告2014年第26号）为明确营业税改征增值税后电信企业总分机构缴纳增值税问题，国家税务总局制定了《电信企业增值税征收管理暂行办法》，现予以发布，自2014年6月1日起施行。本办法所称的电信企业总机构2014年6月所属期的增值税应纳税额，与2014年第三季度合并为一个申报期汇总申报。     

多管齐下防范操作风险

银行是经营风险、管理风险从中获得收益的高风险经营行业，因而防范和化解风险是银行的永恒主题。随着经济金融全球化发展，在大量金融产品提供给消费者的同时，银行业所面临的操作风险也越来越大。今年初，法国兴业银行爆出惊天大案，全球金融市场一片惊愕。这一巨额金融案件的发生，正是由于法国兴业银行操作风险控制不力所导致。     

法国兴业银行的风险管理体系

世界银行业发展到今天,风险管理已经成为银行的核心竞争力和基业长青的根本保证。对法国兴业银行的风险管理体系作一个初步探索,将对中国的银行在构建有效的风险管理体系的过程中有所裨益。内部组织架构与决策体系法国兴业银行在其组织体系中设定了三类部门,第一类是各类产品的     

ETF：你所不知道的华尔街金融工具

你也许不知道导致瑞银流氓交易员卡瓦库·阿杜伯利（KwekuAdoboli）折戟沉沙，亏损高达23亿美元的金融工具叫交易所交易基金（ETFS）。而法国兴业银行前流氓交易员杰洛米·科维尔（JeromeKerviel）也同样栽在了ETF的手上，在2008年亏损72亿美元。     

法兴银行(中国):全能的非洲金融快车

法国兴业银行(中国)有限公司(简称法国兴业银行)于2010正式推出了"走进非洲"项目,并于今年配合该项目出台了"非洲快车"项目,相关大型推介及主题演讨会刚刚在广州结束,取得了良好反响.法兴银行进入中国已经有30余年,它在中国的发展如何?它的优势与特色在哪里?它对未来在中国的发展有怎样的规划与布局?记者采访了法兴银行中国商业银行总监刘洪涛先生.     

从国际金融并购浪潮中得到的启示

从８０年代以来,国际金融业就开始掀起了一股并购的浪潮,进入９０年代,这股浪潮更加汹涌澎湃。远的不说,就在今年２月１日,法国兴业银行与法国巴黎巴银行合并,二者合并后的资本金列欧洲第一,世界第四,资产总额升为法国第一,欧洲第三。而在１９９８年全球１０００...     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.