Book Reviews

Books reviewed in this article:
Kirsten Wever, Labor, Business and Change in Germany and the United States
Ian Clark, Governance, the State, Regulation and Industrial Relations
Raymond Markey, Paul Gollan, Ann Hodgkinson, Alain Chouraqui and Ulke Veersama (eds), Models of Employee Participation in a Changing Global Environment: Diversity and Interaction
Andrew Pendleton, Employee Ownership, Participation and Governance: A Study of ESOPs in the UK
Christopher Candland and Rudra Sil (eds), The Politics of Labor in a Global Age: Continuity and Change in Late–industrializing and Post–socialist Economies
Chris Rowley and John Benson (eds), Globalization and Labour in the Asia Pacific Region
Brendan Burchell, David Ladipo and Frank Wilkinson (eds), Job Insecurity and Work Intensification
Jone L. Pearce, Organization and Management in the Embrace of Government
Maury Peiperl, Michael Arthur, Rob Goffee and Tim Morris (eds), Career Frontiers: New Conceptions of Working Lives
Steen Scheuer, Social and Economic Motivation at Work: Theories of Motivation Reassessed
Cary L. Cooper, Philip J. Dewe and Michael P. O'Driscoll, Organizational Stress: A Review and Critique of Theory, Research and Applications     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Unions, Wages and Inflation, by Daniel J.B. Mitchell.
Labor Unions and the Inequality of Earned Income, by John S. Pettengill.
The Economics ofthe Labour Market, edited by 2. Hornstein, J. Grice and A. Webb.
Equal Pay and Opportunities. A study of the implementation and effects of the Equal Pay and Sex Discrimination Acts in 26 Organizations, by M.W. Snell, P. Glucklich and M. Povall.
Women and Low Pay, edited by Peter J. Sloane.
The Right to Strike, by L.J: Macfarlane.
The Znternational Labour Organisation, by Walter Galenson.
Forces of Change in Western Europe, by Neil W. Chamberlain.
Unions in American National Politics, by Graham K. Wilson.
Trade Unions, National Politics and Economic Management, by Jon Clark, Heinz Hartmann, Christoph Lau, and David Winchester.
Ideology and Shop-floor Industrial Reiations, by P.J. Armstrong, J.F.B. Goodman, and J.D. Hyman.
Artisans and Politics in Early Nineteenth Century London: John Cast and his Times. by I. J. Prothero.
Theories of Trade Unionism: A Sociology of Industrial Relations, by Michael Poole.
Sociology, Work and Indusrry, by Tony J. Watson.
New Patterns of Work Reform, by Bjorn Gustavsen and Gerry Hunnius.
Industrial Relations Training for Managers, by Chris Brewster and Stephen Connock.
Practical Participation and Involvement, 1. Communication in Practice, Published by the Institute of Personnel Management.     

Community response grids: E-government, social networks, and effective emergency management

This paper explores the concept of developing community response grids (CRGs) for community emergency response and the policy implications of such a system. CRGs make use of the Internet and mobile communication devices, allowing residents and responders to share information, communicate, and coordinate activities in response to a major disaster. This paper explores the viability of using mobile communication technologies and the Web, including e-government, to develop response systems that would aid communities before, during, and after a major disaster, providing channels for contacting residents and responders, uploading information, distributing information, coordinating the responses of social networks, and facilitating resident-to-resident assistance. Drawing upon research from computer science, information studies, public policy, emergency management, and several other disciplines, the paper elaborates on the concept of and need for CRGs, examines related current efforts that can inform the development of CRGs, discusses how research about community networks can be used to instill trust and social capital in CRGs, and examines the issues of public policy, telecommunications, and e-government related to such a system.     

Book Reviews

Towers, Brian, (ed.) Employment Relations in Britain: 25 years of the Advisory Conciliation and Arbitration services
Rigby, Mike, Smith, Roger and Lawlor, Teresa, (eds.) European Trade Unions: Change and Response
Turner, Lowell, Fighting for Partnership: Labor and Politics in Unified Germany
Elliot, Robert, Lucifora, Claudio and Meurs, Dominique, (eds.) Public Sector Pay Determination in the European Union
Lind, Jens and Hornemann Möller, Iver, (eds.) Inclusion and Exclusion: Unemployment and Non‐standard Employment in Europe
Clark, Ed and Soulsby, Anna, Organizational Change in Post‐communist Europe: Management and Transformation in the Czech Republic
Dark, Taylor, The Unions and the Democrats: An Enduring Alliance
Freeman, Richard and Rogers, Joel, What Workers Want
Whetten, David and Godfrey, Paul, (eds.) Identity in Organizations: Building Theory through Conversations
Tsutsui, William, Manufacturing Ideology: Scientific Management in Twentieth‐Century Japan
Barker, James, The Discipline of Teamwork: Participation and Concertive Control     

Characteristics of learning computer-controlled mechanisms by teachers and students in a common laboratory environment

Growing popularity of robotics education motivates developing its didactics and studying it in teacher training programs. This paper presents a study conducted in the Department of Education in Technology and Science, Technion, in which university students and school pupils cope with robotics challenges of designing, building and operating computer-controlled mechanisms. The university students were involved in developing robot prototypes and related instructional materials, and assisted in teaching robotics and guiding projects to middle school and high school pupils. The study focused on behaviors of the two groups of learners and aimed to elicit and analyze typical characteristics of learning in the developed robotics environment. We collected qualitative data on learning through robot design and experimentation activities and, by means of the ground theory method, elicited and analyzed typical behavioral characteristics of students’ and pupils’ learning: self-confidence, help, collaboration, interest, seriousness, self-dependence, learning effort, responsibility, coping with learning pressure, learning through observation, and perseverance. As found, the behavior characteristics evolve in the course of robotics studies and their evolution can give indication on the development of the desired competences.     

Reflections on the interplay between cognition,action and outcomes in industries and business markets: What have we learned so far and where might we go next?

This essay traces the genesis and evolution of research pertaining to the interplay between cognition, action, and outcomes in industries and business markets and offers suggestions for the advancement of theory, research, and practice. Through a process of autobiographical self-reflection, covering the period from the mid-1980s–present, the author offers his views on developments and progress, first at a philosophical level, and then in terms of theory development and empirical advances, the development and application of methods for mapping actors' representations of strategic knowledge, and what this body of work has contributed and might contribute, going forward, to the design and evaluation of intervention tools and practices to aid strategic adaptation.     

中小型科技企业全寿命周期成本管理方案设计

中小型科技企业全寿命周期成本管理是一种实现其全寿命周期成本最小化、提高生存和发展能力的方法。在仿生学视角下将中小型科技企业的成长划分为孕育期、婴儿期、少年期、青年期、壮年期、老年期6个阶段,指出各阶段的属性、特征和成本管理应注意的事项,调查分析南阳市中小型科技企业所处寿命周期阶段和成本管理存在的问题及对策,发现其寿命周期曲线,分步设计中小型科技企业全寿命周期成本管理方案,介绍如何编制全寿命周期成本报告并进行分析应用,提出中小型科技企业全寿命周期成本管理的措施与建议。     

企业的主体性分析范式--基于"浙商"和中国企业的视角

从“浙商”和中国企业的视角看，存在对企业分析范式的传统性与现代化、普遍性与特殊性、企业家与企业、生产力与人的发展、经济与文化协调等多重矛盾统一的规定．以及循着超越发展的要求。但是，现有的企业分析范式不能完整和充分地适应这种要求．存在局限性。适应“浙商”和中国企业循着超越发展要求的是企业主体性分析范式，其假设前提是个人和共同利益的最大化，其研究平台是完整的主体性理论，其参照系是相关性与自主性的动态协调．其基本方法是科学分析与人文分析等的统一。企业主体性分析范式具有一般应用原理、特殊应用原理和典型应用原理，关键在于假设前提以及相关和自主的特性、内容与结构关系的不同。     

Book Reviews

Books reviewed:
Friedman, Gerald State Making and Labor Movements: France and the United States, 1876–1914
Abernathy, Frederick, Dunlop, John, Hammond, Janice and Weil, David A Stitch in Time: Lean Retailing and the Transformation of Manufacturing — Lessons from the Apparel and Textile Industries
Waterman, Peter Globalization, Social Movements and the New Internationalisms
Jackson, Paul and Van der Wielen, Jos (eds) Teleworking: International Perspective, from Telecommuting to the Virtual Organisation
Ferber, Marianne (ed.) Women in the Labour Market
Dench, S. and O'Regan, S. Helping Parents to Work: A Study for Kent TEC
Browne, Kingsley Divided Labours: An Evolutionary View of Women at Work
Barnes, Helen, Thornton, Patricia and Maynard, Sue Disabled People and Employment: A Review of Research and Development Work
Zey, Mary Rational Choice Theory and Organizational Theory: A Critique
Maclagan, Patrick Management and Morality
Parker, Martin Ethics and Organizations     

Commercializing a radical innovation: Probing the way to the market

Needs, market structures, business models, and relationships concerning radical innovations (RIs) are unpredictable and, consequently, firms face critical challenges in commercialization. Therefore, this study examines the commercialization of RIs as a process complicated by divergent challenges. By drawing on the literature on innovation management, RIs, and the commercialization and adoption of innovations, and by analyzing six longitudinal cases, the study generates its contribution: a dynamic process model for the commercialization of RIs. The model captures the iterative and partially unpredictable commercialization process comprising transits back and forth between three main zones: strategic marketing decision making, market creation and preparation, and sales creation and development. Over this probing process, a firm faces major commercialization challenges: 1) choosing a feasible strategy in conditions of uncertainty, 2) understanding the benefits of innovation from the customer's perspective, 3) creating credibility, 4) acquiring support from stakeholders and the ecosystem, 5) overcoming adoption barriers, and 6) creating sales. For managers, the results suggest diligence in the neglected market creation and preparation zone instead of attempting rushed sales creation.     

Barriers and bridges to the adoption of environmentally-sustainable offerings

This research identifies the factors that inhibit the incorporation of environmentally-sustainable offerings into firms' operations, while outlining strategies that environmentally-sustainable suppliers can use to overcome such adoption barriers. A discovery-oriented approach analyzes twenty in-depth interviews with mid- and senior-level managers whose firms were faced with, and yet overcame, adoption barriers. Results indicate that supplier related barriers, such as associated costs, ease of use, suppliers' credibility, and their offerings' creativity and execution, and intraorganizational barriers, such as organizational structure and culture, inhibit adoption. The refinement and alignment of suppliers' actions, communications, and offerings were suggested to aid in overcoming the barriers. This research yields insights for both research and practice, as it provides a series of testable research propositions, supports several theories, and furnishes supplier firms with strategies to better position their firms and offerings.     

Book Reviews

Books reviewed: Teulings, Coen and Hartog, Joop Corporatism or Competition? Labour Contracts, Institutions and Wage Structures in International Comparison Herzenberg, Stephen A., Alic, John A. and Wial, Howard New Rules for a New Economy: Employment and Opportunity in Post‐industrial America Strange, Susan Mad Money Whitfield, Keith and Strauss, George (eds) Researching the World of Work: Strategies and Methods in Studying Industrial Relations Mabey, Christopher, Skinner, Dennis and Clark, Timothy (eds) Experiencing Human Resource Management Newman, Karen L. and Nollen, Stanley D. Managing Radical Organizational Change Stark, David and Bruszt, Laszlo Post‐socialist Pathways: Transforming Politics and Property in East Central Europe Lange, Thomas and Shackleton, J.R. (eds) The Political Economy of German Unification Joshi, Heather and Paci, Pierella Unequal Pay for Men and Women: Evidence from the British Cohort Studies Eisenberg, Susan We’ll Call You If We Need You: Experiences of Women Working in Construction Drew, Eileen, Emerek, Ruth and Mahon, Evelyn (eds) Women, Work and the Family in Europe     

Book Reviews

Sako, M. and Sato, H. (eds), Japanese Labour and Management in Transition: Diversity, Flexibility and Participation
Ferguson, Charles and McKillip, Donal, The Strategic Development of Credit Unions
Cannell, W. and Dankebaar, B. (eds), Technology, Management and Public Policy in the European Union
Ransome, P., The Work Paradigm
Rinehart, James; Huxley, Christopher and Robertson, David, Just Another Car Factory: lean production and its discounts
Dent, Mike, Professions, Information Technology and Management in Hospitals     

双乙酸钠的合成与应用

对近年来开发的醋酸与醋酸钠法、醋酸与三水醋酸钠法、醋酸与碳酸钠法、醋酸与氢氧化钠法、醋酸-醋酐与碳酸钠法和醋酐与氢氧化钠法6种生产双乙酸钠的方法进行了评价,并介绍了双乙酸钠的应用及其开发前景。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Workless, by Dennis Marsden
Autonomy and Control at the Workplace, edited by John E. Kelly and Chris W. Clegg
State-Owned Enterprises in the Western Economies, edited by Raymond Vernon and Yair Aharoni
Beyond Welfare Capitalism, by Ulf Himmelstrand, Goran Ahrne, Leif Lundberg and Lars Lundberg
Management under Differing Value Systems, edited by G. Dlugos and K. Weiermair in
Class and the Corporation, by Graeme Salaman, Fontana Paperback
The International Yearbook of Organization Studies 1979, edited by David Dunkerley and Graeme Salaman
Work Patterns: An Economic Analysis, by Derek L. Bosworth and Peter J. Dawkins.
The Active Trade Unionist: A Study of Motivation and Participation at Branch Level, by Patricia Fosh
Les syndicats britanniques sous les gouvernements travaillistes 1945–1970, by Jean-Pierre Ravier
Economics of Wages and Labour, by L.C. Hunter and C. Mulvey. Macmillan     

A Review of: “THE ANALYSIS OF MANAGEMENT DECISIONS” (Revised Edition) By William T. Morris,Richard D. Irwin,Inc., 1964 551 p. Trade $12.65 Text $9.50

This book has two very different parts. The first and main one, to page 260, evidently chiefly by Professor Jewkes, economist at Oxford University, is an argument aimed at belittling and casting doubt upon the inventiveness of the corporate laboratories; it fails. The second part, of 148 pages – more by Sawers, another English economist, and chiefly by Stillerman, a Chicago attorney – is “Summaries of Case Histories” of fifty important inventions from about the last sixty years, alphabetically arranged and including such inventions as the Ball-point pen, Freon, Cyclotron, Helicopter, Long-playing record, Synthetic detergents, and the Zipper. Eleven others are listed on page 72, and there is a chapter on nineteenth century invention, lists of inventors, etc. The histories of inventions are competent, highly factual, well documented, attentive to German, British and other foreign inventors, and can well correct our propagandized impressions that America has done it all; they are the valuable part of the book, and can serve many purposes of divers students of invention and history.     

Book Reviews

Clark, Jon, Managing Change and Innovation: People, Technology and Strategy
Casey, Catherine, Work, Self and Society-After Industrialism
Grint, Keith, Gill, Rosalind, The Gender Technology Relation: Contemporary Theory and Research
Phizacklea, A, Wolkowitz, C, Homeworking Women: Gender, Racism and Class at Work
Harding, R, Technology and Human Resources in their National Context: a study of strategic contrasts
Taplin, I, M, Winterton, J, Restructuring Within a Labour Intensive Industry
Lee, Eric, The Labour Movement and the Internet. The New Internationalism     

论石油通道权

油权是石油地缘政治的核心。油权主要包括石油资源权、石油通道权和石油市场权。系统介绍石油通道权的理论框架。石油通道权是指一国利用其掌握的石油通道,决定和影响石油流向和通道运行的能力。通道权包括通道的路由选择、通道的归属、通道的运营三个方面。对通道权大小起决定作用的是地理位置和基础设施两个核心要素。通道权是油权的重要组成部分,行为体是国家,研究对象是跨国通道。通道权是容易分享和被侵蚀的权力,具有时代特征和战略特性。按照行为体与通道的相对位置,通道权国可分为当事型通道权国、过境型通道权国、毗邻型通道权国、域外型通道权国。通道权国获得石油通道权主要通过法定赋予、国际政治或经济合作、武力控制、经济制裁。通道权国利用通道运营、经济制裁、武力保护、政治干预等手段获得经济、政治和安全利益。     

石油勘探企业质量管理体系建立初探

阐述了油气勘探开发企业生产管理中企业法人的非独立性、物资采购的集中性、合同管理的计划性、生产现场的分散、流动性、施工环境的多变性、施工单位之间关系的两重性和施工文件(设计)的多变性,并对质量体系的特点进行了分析,从油气勘探开发的程序对合同评审、采购、产品标识和可追溯性、过程控制、产品的检验和试验、检验测量和试验设备的控制、搬运贮存包装防护和交付以及技术统计等方面进行了阐述,提出了质量体系的过程性要素如何体现企业特点的意见和建立有效的质量体系的必要性。