人才培养目标与教学管理水平的关系整合——以高职土建类专业为例

高职土建类专业人才培养目标与教学管理有着密切的关系。教学管理对人才培养目标的实现产生多方面的影响,主要体现在目标管理、过程管理、绩效管理三个方面,在明确学生学习目标、激励学生学习动力、调动学生学习积极性、引导学生全面发展等方面具有举足轻重的作用。为了更好地实现人才培养目标,应实现教学管理重心从传统的过程管理向目标管理和绩效管理的根本性转变。     

全面实施绩效管理框架下深化预算绩效目标管理改革研究

在全面实施绩效管理的框架下,目前我国预算绩效评价的重点从侧重"事后"评价逐步转变为全过程的绩效管理,预算绩效目标管理已成为深化预算绩效管理改革的关键环节.我国积极进行预算绩效目标管理的实践探索,有关的规章制度逐步建立,管理流程逐步规范,但存在着绩效目标设置内生化、绩效目标审核形式化、绩效目标结果应用薄弱化等突出问题.基于目标设置理论的视角,从优化预算绩效目标设置、强化绩效目标审核管理、构建预算绩效目标和绩效评价结果应用之间的回应性机制三个方面提出了完善预算绩效目标管理的路径.     

软件企业员工绩效考评解决方案

通过阐述目标管理法作为软件企业绩效考评方法的原因,提出软件企业可结合目标管理法本身的缺陷建立个人绩效与团队绩效相结合的机制,形成员工职业化评价体系和采取多样化的激励措施推进目标管理考评的效果.软件企业员工承受的压力较大,营造轻松丰富的企业文化可作为软件企业绩效考评体系建设的配套措施.     

货币供应量作为货币政策中介目标有效性的实证研究

本文运用协整检验和误差修正模型等时间序列分析方法,对我国1998-2003年间货币供应量作为中介目标的实施绩效进行实证分析,结果表明货币供应量与货币政策的最终目标(本文选用GDP衡量)之间存在长期稳定的均衡关系,从而说明我国目前以货币供应量作为中介目标是合理的.     

论大学生学习目标的确立

学习目标是人们从事学习活动所要达到的标准或预期结果.建立明确的学习目标,是大学生进行学习活动的战略前提,是提高学习积极性、自觉性和效率的关键.学习目标不能凭空建立,也不能想当然地随意杜撰,而是要建立在充分可靠的科学依据之上.学习目标的内容不能是单纯的知识水平的提高,而应该是一个由有助于大学生今后发展的各种要素综合构成的目标体系.     

高管团队异质性、战略决策质量与创新绩效研究

高管团队特征与创新绩效关系是近年来理论研究的热点.本文提出高管团队异质性、战略决策质量与创新绩效关系的理论模型并进行实证检验.研究结果表明:高管团队教育水平异质性和职业背景异质性与创新绩效和战略决策质量存在显著正相关关系;战略决策质量在高管团队教育水平异质性和职业异质性与创新绩效关系中具有部分中介作用.     

信息化建设绩效审计初探

近年来,信息化建设的绩效审计越来越被国家审计机关重视,各级审计机关尝试开展信息化建设绩效审计,信息化建设绩效审计的内容是什么,审计的目标是什么,审计的重要性主要体现在哪里,这成为国家审计机关审计人员应该思考的问题.本文就明确信息化建设绩效审计的重要性、审计内容与审计目标、审计组织模式和审计方法进行了探索.     

行政部门目标与绩效管理体系的构建

实行目标与绩效管理是行政机关加强宏观管理,建立战略性绩效管理体系的探索和实践,它对于提高行政机关的办事效率,规范行政机关工作范围十分有利。本文从目标与绩效管理体系的基本认识入手,紧紧围绕行政机关的发展战略目标,就如何构建行政机关战略性目标与绩效管理体系谈谈自己的认识与观点。     

推进省级绩效预算改革的思考

目前地方政府绩效预算改革还存在绩效评价氛围不浓、评价体系和指标设置不够科学、评价结果难以运用等问题。在全国全面实行绩效预算还有较大难度,可考虑先在省一级进行探索,再逐步推广。推进省一级绩效预算改革,应着力营造积极的政治环境、良好的法律环境、倡导绩效至上理念和加快财政信息公共步伐;通过明确政府职责、合理确定绩效目标,改革会计制度、提高信息质量,提高财政干部和财务人员素质等措施,夯实绩效预算改革的基础;选择项目支出作为改革突破口,实施渐进式改革以减轻改革阻力,通过扩权和激励机制形成改革合力,分阶段构建省级绩效预算体系。     

预算松弛:基于预算目标难度的实证分析——从MBO及其思想演进的角度

由于组织的外部环境不一致,以及组织内部客观存在的诸如预算参与、预算强调等权变影响因素,再加上预算主体诸如逐利性、压力等行为及心理属性,在预算目标设定、执行、修改及考核中,赋予了预算目标难度特点上不同的特征。这些特征与预算松弛之间存在着内在的因果联系。本文以调查问卷数据为基础,以多元回归方法为统计手段,对基于预算目标难度的预算松弛进行了实证检验。研究发现,基于预算参与和预算强调的预算目标难度,与预算松弛之间具有显著的正相关关系。     

Goal-setting paradoxes? Trade-offs between working hard and working smart: The United States versus China

This article proposes a model of the impact of goal difficulty and goal specificity on selling behaviors (selling effort, adaptive selling, and sales planning) and hence sales and behavior performance. The model suggests that goal-setting factors may have opposing effects on different sales behaviors. The empirical findings suggest that goal difficulty positively influences selling effort while negatively influencing adaptive selling behaviors. The results show that goal difficulty and goal specificity both have opposite effects on the two dimensions of working smart: adaptive selling and sales planning. The findings support the need for sales managers to account for the cultural context of the salesperson when determining optimal goal-setting strategies. With data collected from salespeople in the United States and China, the cross-cultural differences regarding the effects of goal-setting factors are also proposed and empirically supported. Eric Fang (efe92@mizzou.edu) is an assistant professor of marketing at Seattle University. His current research interests are in the areas of relationship marketing in business-to-business context, markting strategy, and international marketing. He has articles published and accepted at theJournal of Business Research, theJournal of International Marketing, andAdvances in International Marketing. Robert W. Palmatier (rpalmatier@missouri.edu) is a doctoral candidate in marketing at the University of Missouri, Columbia. He received his bachelor’s and master’s degrees in electrical engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology and an MBA from Georgia State University. He has 15 years of professional work exprience, including various sales and marketing and senior executive positions in the United States and Europe. His current research interests are in relationship marketing and value-creation strategies focused in a business-to-business and channels context. Kenneth R. Evans (evansk@missouri.edu), Ph.D., is a professor of marketing and associate dean of graduate studies in the College of Business at the University of Missouri, Columbia. He holds the Pinkney C. Walker Professorship in Teaching Excellence. His research interests are in the areas of marketing management, sales/sales management, marketing theory, and services marketing. He has published in theJournal of Marketing, theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, theJournal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, theJournal of Business Research, and theJournal of Advertising, to name but a few. In addition, he has a number of articles that have been published in proceedings and presented at national conferences. He is either a member of the editorial review boards or serves in an ad hoc reviewer capacity for a variety of journals such as theJournal of Marketing, theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Industrial Marketing Management, theJournal of Retailing, and theJournal of Personal Selling and Sales Management. He currently serves as the associate editor of theJournal of Personal Selling and Sales Management.     

成就目标导向的文献综述

成就目标导向是成就动机研究的前沿课题,是目标设置研究的延伸。成就目标就是个体在追求成就的过程中在头脑中形成的一种愿望状态。它是认知因素和情感因素的复合体。两种成就目标导向,即学习目标导向和成绩目标导向对个体的成就行为起着决定性的作用。成就目标导向研究主要集中在对成就情境下个体所采用占优势的成就目标类型及其对个体认知、情感和成就行为的影响,主要集中在教育、体育和工作管理领域。     

小企业会计制度的改进

本文从会计目标的视角,分析了小企业发展面临的“融资难”问题,提出了小企业的会计目标是为信贷者(主要是银行)提供决策有用的会计信息;并从小企业会计制度的实施范围、财务报告体系、会计科目和会计报表附注披露四方面对小企业会计制度的改进提出了建议。     

HRM、关系学习及SCM对企业创新绩效的影响研究

以协同学理论为基础,构建了HRM、关系学习、SCM及企业创新绩效之间关系的理论模型,选取陕西省、河南省等地区107家企业作为实证研究对象,定量探讨HRM、关系学习及SCM对企业创新绩效的影响关系。研究结果表明：HRM和关系学习对企业SCM有显著的正向影响;SCM在HRM和企业创新绩效之间发挥着部分中介的作用;关系学习对企业创新绩效的影响并不显著,却会以SCM为中介对创新绩效产生间接影响;HRM和SCM对企业创新绩效均有显著的正向影响。     

基于财务综合绩效的中小企业融资问题浅析

中小企业融资难已经成为制约其发展的瓶颈问题,造成中小企业融资困难的因素有很多,内部因素主要包括企业的偿债能力、获利能力、发展能力等等,但是这些具体指标反映的信息具有重叠性。文章利用主成分分析方法,剔除多余的信息,提炼出综合指标——财务综合绩效,进而研究财务综合绩效与中小企业融资的关系,从而更好地帮助中小企业选择适合的融资方式。     

新绩效预算及其对中国预算改革的启示

新绩效预算具有财政目标和财政总额集中控制、支出灵活、绩效指标易量化的特点,但在具体实施过程中出现了技术评价困难、行政部门和立法部门难以协调等问题,需要在指标体系、评价标准和计量方法创新方面有所突破,才能达到预期效果。     

浅议现代企业的财务管理

论述现代企业财务管理的一般方法、企业目标与财务管理的关系。     

An examination of the effects of perceived difficulty of manufacturing the extension product on brand extension attitudes

This paper examines the relationship between extension difficulty, defined as the perceived difficulty of manufacturing the extension product, and attitudes toward brand extensions. Although extant literature has hitherto modeled this relationship as a simple monotonic relationship, a study by Bottomley and Holden (Journal of Marketing Research, 38(4):494–500, 2001) has questioned its empirical generalizability. We suggest that the relationship between extension difficulty and extension attitudes may be far more complex than a simple linear relationship. Based on theoretical evidence drawn from the concept of evaluation difficulty, we suggest that the relationship between extension difficulty and extension attitudes is best modeled as a curvilinear (inverted U-shaped) relationship. Further, we explore the specific role of perceived transferability as a moderator of this curvilinear relationship. Empirical tests conducted using two studies provide support for both the theoretical mechanism and the proposed hypotheses. Entry into “easy” or “extremely difficult” extension categories carries its own penalties while entry into “moderately difficult” categories appears to garner high consumer attitudes for brand extensions.     

Re-examining salesperson goal orientations: Personality influencers, customer orientation, and work satisfaction

Several scholars have noted the importance of relationship marketing and the critical role that salesperson knowledge plays in the formation of buyer-seller relationships. However, research on salesperson learning motivations has been relatively scarce compared with research on firm-level learning orientations. One promising stream of research in this area is salesperson goal orientation. Drawing from previous work in control theory, the authors extend previous research in this area by proposing relationships between personality influencers, goal orientations, customer/selling orientation, and overall work satisfaction. Their hypotheses are tested using data obtained from a sample of 190 real estate agents. The results provide support for their hypothesized model. Specifically, learning orientation is shown to positively influence customer orientation, while performance orientation is shown to positively influence selling orientation. Eric G. Harris (eharris@lklnd.usf.edu Ph.D., Oklahoma State University) is an assistant professor of marketing at the University of South Florida. His current research interests include goal orientation, customer orientation, and personality models applied to consumer and employee behavior. He has published articles in theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Psychology & Marketing, theJournal of Consumer Marketing, theJournal of Business & Psychology, Services Marketing Quarterly, theJournal of Services Marketing, and theJournal of Marketing Management. John C. Mowen (jcmmkt@okstate.edu) Ph.D., Arizona State University) is Regents Professor and holds the Noble Chair of Marketing Strategy at Oklahoma State University. He has published articles in numerous leading journals, including theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, theJournal of Marketing Research, theJournal of Marketing, Decisions Sciences, theJournal of Applied Psychology, theJournal of Personality and Social Psychology, Psychology and Marketing, and theJournal of Consumer Psychology. He is a past president of the Society for Consumer Psychology. His teaching and consulting interests focus on consumer behavior and motivating the workforce. His research focuses on the factors that motivate and influence the decisions of consumers and employees. Tom J. Brown (tom.brown@okstate.edu; Ph.D., University of Wisconsin) is Ardmore Professor of Business Administration and an associate professor of marketing at Oklahoma State University. His articles have appeared in leading marketing journals, including theJournal of Marketing Research, the Journal of Marketing, theJournal of Consumer Research, and theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science. His current research interests include causes and effects of corporate reputation and the customer orientation of service workers. He is cofounder of the Corporate Identity/Associations Research Group. Teaching interests include marketing research, services marketing, and corporate communications. He is coauthor (with Gilbert A. Churchill Jr.) ofBasic Marketing Research (5th ed.). Consulting interests include marketing research, corporate reputation, and the customer orientation of service workers.     

Customer knowledge creation capability and performance in sales teams

Drawing on substitutes for leadership theory, this study examines the relationship between a sales team manager’s empowering leadership and his or her sales team’s customer knowledge creation capability. The authors develop and test a model that positions task interdependence, outcome interdependence, and their interactions as substitutes for empowering leadership. Further, the authors explore two perspectives of team-level performance—customer relationship performance and financial performance—as consequences of a sales team’s customer knowledge creation capability. Using matched data collected from sales team managers and sales team members, the authors find general support for their hypotheses. The study finds that a sales manager’s empowering leadership has a positive effect on a sales team’s customer knowledge creation capability. However, the results also suggest that the positive effect of empowering leadership on a sales team’s customer knowledge creation capability is mitigated when either outcome interdependence or both task and outcome interdependence are high. Further, as outcome interdependence and the interaction between task and outcome interdependence increases, a sales team’s customer knowledge creation capability also increases, which suggests that outcome interdependence and the combination of task and outcome interdependence replaces the role of empowering leadership. The study also finds that the greater a sales team’s customer knowledge creation capability is, the higher its customer relationship performance and sales team financial performance will be. Implications for customer knowledge creation in sales teams in the presence and absence of empowering leadership are discussed.