经营绩效、企业家能力与现金股利分配——基于CCEI~(BNU)指数的实证研究

基于"北京师范大学企业家能力(CCEIBNU)数据库"数据,从企业家能力涉及的人力资本、关系网络、社会责任和战略管理四方面研究经营绩效、企业家能力与现金股利分配的关系。研究发现企业家综合能力、企业家人力资本和社会责任能力与现金股利分配显著正相关,而关系网络和战略管理能力则与之显著负相关。经营绩效与现金股利分配显著正相关,企业家综合能力、人力资本和社会责任能力对该正相关关系有显著正向影响,而关系网络和战略管理能力则有显著负向影响。     

经营绩效、企业家能力与现金股利分配——基于CCEIBNU指数的实证研究

基于“北京师范大学企业家能力(CCEIU)数据库”数据,从企业家能力涉及的人力资本、关系网络、社会责任和战略管理四方面研究经营绩效、企业家能力与现金股利分配的关系.研究发现企业家综合能力、企业家人力资本和社会责任能力与现金股利分配显著正相关,而关系网络和战略管理能力则与之显著负相关.经营绩效与现金股利分配显著正相关,企业家综合能力、人力资本和社会责任能力对该正相关关系有显著正向影响,而关系网络和战略管理能力则有显著负向影响.     

金融结构与经济增长的非线性门槛效应：基于最优金融结构的视角

基于最优金融结构视角,使用2001—2015年中国省际面板数据,利用门槛模型对金融结构与经济增长之间的非线性关系进行了实证检验。研究发现：金融结构在不同地区对经济增长的作用效果具有异质性,只有地区发展水平跨越一定的门槛值之后,金融结构市场导向的增强才能显著促进经济增长;经济发展水平与市场化水平越高、法治环境越完善,金融结构市场化的经济增长效应越显著;适度的金融发展水平有利于促进金融结构市场化的经济增长效应,金融发展过度时,金融结构市场导向的增强对经济增长促进作用不再显著。     

雇员可雇佣能力与职业成功的关系研究:职业发展的视角

文章为了探究可雇佣能力与职业成功之间的关系,以进入职场的雇员为调查对象,通过网络调查和实地发放调查问卷的形式进行了随机抽样调查,获取371份有效问卷。通过实证研究发现,个体适应性、职业认同、人力资本和社会资本与职业满意度、组织内竞争力和组织外竞争力之间呈现正相关,因而能够有效支持"可雇佣能力水平越高,雇员对职业的满意度也越高"、"可雇佣能力越强,雇员感知到的组织内/外职业竞争力也越强"的假设。     

企业家精神、开拓能力与组织绩效——基于苏北地区企业的实证分析

以苏北地区233家企业为对象,对企业家精神、开拓能力和组织绩效之间的关系进行了实证研究。研究结果表明,企业家精神、开拓能力对企业销售收入、利润增长率和市场占有率均具有正向影响,说明企业家精神发挥程度越高,越有利于组织绩效提升;企业的开拓能力越强,其盈利能力就越强、市场份额就越高;企业探索能力越强,组织绩效就越好。转型背景下苏北地区企业家精神的独特性、开拓能力对组织绩效产生显著影响;企业家精神只有以开拓能力为中介变量,才能显著改善企业绩效水平。开拓能力是发挥企业家精神、提升组织绩效的重要中介变量,企业家精神通过开拓能力环节对企业绩效产生间接影响。开拓能力成为发挥企业家精神、提升组织绩效的重要路径。研究结果对于丰富和完善企业家精神与企业绩效理论,指导企业实践都有重要的现实意义。     

社会网络与企业研发溢出吸收能力 ——基于随机前沿模型的实证研究

本文以2008—2019年上市公司为样本,分析了企业社会网络对研发溢出吸收能力的影响.研究发现:社会网络对于企业研发溢出吸收能力具有显著的促进作用,并且这种促进作用在董事长和总经理的社会网络都有体现;高管持股数量和区域市场化水平是社会网络作用企业研发溢出吸收能力的内外部重要渠道,当高管持股数量越多,市场化水平越高,社会网络对企业研发溢出吸收能力的促进作用越强;当董事长和总经理是同一个人或者企业并非属于高科技行业时,社会网络对于研发溢出吸收能力的促进作用更强.     

人力资本与企业创新绩效的关系研究——基于网络视角

文章以软件企业为研究对象,导入网络能力和网络学习这两个中介变量,探讨网络视角下的人力本与创新绩效。结果表明,企业家人力资本对创新绩效有直接的正向影响,同时也通过影响网络关系能力间接地影响创新绩效;管理型人力资本通过网络经营能力、网络关系能力和知识整合这三条路径间接地对创新绩效产生积极的影响;研发型人力资本通过网络关系能力和知识获取、知识整合这三条路径间接对创新绩效产生积极的影响。     

OFDI投资模式组合、融资约束与企业创新

创新是引领发展的第一动力，是经济高质量发展的关键所在。基于2005—2019年上市企业微观数据，分析企业OFDI投资模式组合与企业创新之间的关系，并进一步检验融资约束在其中的调节作用。结果表明：企业OFDI投资模式组合中以并购方式获取的子公司数量占比越高，企业创新表现越强。进一步的研究表明，融资约束水平对企业OFDI投资模式组合与创新产出之间的关系起到负向调节作用。同时，异质性融资能力对两者关系产生差异化影响，在OFDI投资模式组合既定的情况下，企业外部融资能力越强，企业创新质量产出水平越高；企业内部融资能力越强，企业创新数量产出水平越高。结论为理解企业对外直接投资创新效应提供了一种新的视角。     

城市化水平、技术创新与城市经济增长——基于我国25个城市面板数据的实证研究

文章以新经济增长理论为基础,基于1999-2009年我国25个城市面板数据,对物质资本存量、人力资本存量、技术创新和城市化水平与城市经济增长之间的关系进行了实证研究。结果显示,人力资本投资对城市经济增长的作用没有显现出来,但城市化水平、物资资本投资及技术创新因素在不同程度上影响着城市经济增长,并且呈现出正相关关系。其中,城市化水平和物质资本投资对城市经济增长的促进效应较高,而技术创新对城市经济增长的促进效应并不明显。这一结论对于提升技术创新能力,加快城市化进程,推动城市经济增长具有启示意义。     

政府干预对国有上市公司多元化经营的影响

本文以2004~2008年的国有上市公司为研究对象,考察了转轨经济下政府干预与上市公司多元化经营之间的关系,以及市场化进程、政府控制层级对政府干预与多元化经营关系的影响。研究结果表明,政府干预程度越高的公司多元化程度越高,且市场化程度和政府控制层级越低,两者之间的关系越显著。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Introduction of New Technology with a Sound Transition of the Input-Output Structure

We examine the general equilibrium repercussions associated with the introduction of new technologies, using the generalized Leontief system that allows technological substitutions. We show that an untested introduction of cost-increasing technologies in any industry may result in creating a non-productive technological structure that does not satisfy the Hawkins-Simon condition, following the autonomous dynamic adjustment process with structural transitions in the economic system. Therefore, we propose a practicable control scheme of introducing cost-increasing technologies that strictly avoids the creation of non-productive structures in all periods of structural transition, using the available information on the ex ante technological structure.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.