股权再融资、盈余管理与资本配置效率

本文建立了一个模型来分析股权再融资过程中盈余管理产生的机理，分析了盈余管理与配股后运营业绩和股票长期收益的关系。研究表明：上市公司在配股过程中存在系统的盈余管理行为；上市公司配股后的经营业绩出现滑坡，配股前3个年度和配股当年的异常应计利润与配股后的经营业绩具有负相关关系；上市公司配股后的股票长期收益和异常收益下降，配股前3个年度和配股当年的异常应计利润与配股后的股票收益具有负相关关系。本文认为，上市公司配股过程中的盈余管理误导了投资者的决策，造成了股票价值的高估和资本配置效率的下降。     

国有控股公司控制权转移对投资绩效的影响——基于投资支出-股票收益关系的视角

本文建立了投资支出与股票收益关系的模型。实证研究发现,在我国企业中投资支出与股票收益之间存在着负向关系,而且当样本公司处于国有控股期间时,这种负向关系比较显著;当公司控制权转移后,这种负向关系的显著性相对下降。同时,本文还发现,其负向关系显著性下降的原因在于国有控股公司控制权转移前后现金流量比例和负债比例在公司治理效率发挥作用的不同。本文的研究证实了我国国有控股公司控制权的转让是卓有成效的,同时也说明了国有控股公司控制权转移后投资绩效提高的原因,即公司控制权转移通过改善公司治理效率降低了代理成本。本文从新的视角为国有控股公司控制权转移对绩效的影响提供了重要证据。     

上市公司资产重组信息报告、股价变动与股市效率的实证研究

文章收集了2010年上市公司所有的资产重组样本,采用三因子模型和市场模型,通过平均超常收益(AAR)与累积超常收益(CAR)指标研究资产重组公告对重组公司股价产生的短期影响,研究总体样本的市场绩效以及不同重组方式之间绩效的差别,实证分析上市公司资产重组与股票投资收益的关系,探讨我国上市公司资产重组的现实状况以及存在的问题,并提出可行性建议。所得结论,在公告日前后较短时期内资产重组公告对重组公司股票收益有正向影响,而在公告日后稍长时期内对重组公司股票收益有负的影响,市场对于资产重组公告信息反应过度的现象普遍存在,资产重组公告前信息泄露现象普遍存在。     

配股资金使用与公司业绩

本文以1997—2000年沪、深两市实施了配股的A股公司为样本，分析了配股资金的使用情况；采用实证研究的方法，从会计业绩和股票回报率业绩两个方面研究了配股资金使用的不同行为对公司业绩的影响。研究发现配股资金用于改善财务结构的公司业绩要差于投资特定项目公司；关联交易对公司业绩没有产生明显影响；投资项目变更、进度变更对公司业绩有明显的负影响。     

机构投资者关注企业的环境绩效吗？——来自我国重污染行业上市公司的经验证据

本文发现企业环境绩效对机构投资者投持股比例有正向影响,并且这种影响只体现在长期机构投资者的持股比例上,短期机构投资者的持股比例不受企业环境绩效的影响。本文还发现环境绩效较好的企业有更高的超额回报,这意味着机构投资者投资于环境绩效较好的公司能够带来更高股票收益。进一步分析表明,环境绩效较好的企业,银行贷款更多、贷款成本更低、所得税负担更轻,可能说明政府为了鼓励企业提升环境绩效在银行贷款获得与所得税优惠方面给予支持,政府的支持可能带来企业长期价值的提升。以上所有结果仅在国有企业样本中存在。     

对小公司效应、价值股效应、动量效应以及反转效应的实证研究——基于三因子模型

本文分析了行为金融学中小公司效应、价值股效应、动量效应以及反转效应对于中国股票市场的影响,以A股市场2000-2018年数据为研究样本,基于Fama-French三因子模型,探究结合行为金融因素的多因子模型能否较好地拟合股市。研究发现,A股市场不同板块对于各个因子的偏好与权重不同,而单一股票也很难通过多因子去很好地解释超额收益,而本文希望通过实证分析来展示非理性因素对于金融市场的影响。     

“配股资金使用与公司业绩”评述

原红旗与李海建的“配股资金使用与公司业绩”一文，对公司配股后的长期业绩下滑的原因作了非常有益的探讨。作者从上市公司对配股资金使用方式这一切入点出发，通过对1997—2000年进行了配股的462家A股上市公司进行研究，选用会计业绩和股票回报率作为指标，得出配股资金的使用情况对公司配股后的长期业绩有显著的影响。具体来说，作者发现：（1）配股资金用于改善公司财务结构的公司业绩要差于投资特定项目的公司；（2）配股资金投入关联交易与否对公司业绩没有产生显著影响；（3）投资项目变更和投资进度变更对公司业绩有明显的负影响。     

我国IPO股票长期弱势现象及其影响因素

本文采用事件研究法,说明在中国市场上存在IPO新股长期弱势表现,并以样本股票IPO之后五年累计超额收益率(CAR)为因变量,合理假设出的影响新股长期表现的因素为自变量,进行多元回归分析,并对其进行了检验。通过模型结果得出结论:公司实力,投资者因素和政策因素是影响IPO长期价格收益表现的主要因素,同时对每个因素及其包含的具体内容进行了解释和分析。     

配股后业绩下滑与真实活动盈余管理的相关性研究

本文以我国1997-2009年成功实施配股的549家A股上市公司为样本,从真实活动盈余管理的角度,实证检验了公司为达到证监会的配股资格线,是否进行了盈余管理,以及此行为对公司配股后的经营业绩所产生的影响。研究结果表明,上市公司在配股前确实进行了真实活动盈余管理,且此行为与公司配股后的业绩显著负相关。     

线上销售与未来股票收益

本文通过分析相关上市公司在电商平台的线上销售数据,发现线上销售增长可以预测未来股票收益。根据线上销售增长率构建投资组合可以获得月均1.27%的超额收益,经三因子、五因子模型调整后收益率分别为1.40%和1.35%,并且该超额收益在较长时间内不会逆转。横截面回归结果显示,线上销售增长与未来股票收益显著正相关,并在控制其他市场异象因子后仍然显著。此外,本文还发现线上销售数据的预测能力主要集中在投资者关注有限、线上销售占比高以及套利成本高的公司,其投资价值来源于对公司未来基本面信息的预测能力。进一步研究表明,同时利用线上销售指标和营业收入指标进行投资可以获得更高的超额收益。在考虑业绩预告和业绩快报对线上销售指标预测能力的潜在影响后,结果依然稳健。     

Post-acquisition performance in the short and long run. Evidence from the Copenhagen Stock Exchange 1993–1997

The paper investigates the short-run price adjustment around acquisition announcements and the long-run upward bias of cross-sectional average buy-and-hold returns. The geometric Brownian motion model is applied to decompose the cross-sectional average long-run returns into transformed mean and volatility components. The decomposition improves the interpretation of security performance. The methodology is demonstrated on the security performance of bidding firms listed on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange. The most surprising finding is that the long-run abnormal return after three years is not significantly different from zero. This implies that the bidding firms do not under-perform relative to the market. This result stands in contrast to findings in other studies and it may reflect that earlier studies do not adjust correctly for the volatility component. These current findings indicate that the market efficiency hypothesis is intact in the long run. It is only in the very short run, a few days around acquisition announcements, that the market makes a significant adjustment to uphold the efficiency hypothesis.     

Are REIT IPOs Unique? The Global Evidence

Previous studies of real estate investment trust (REIT) IPOs have focused primarily on REITs listed in the U.S. These studies in general find that, unlike industrial firm IPOs, REIT IPOs in the U.S. exhibit an abnormally low initial-day return and mixed long-run performance. Our study examines this puzzle using a large sample of 370 REIT IPOs from four continents (14 different countries) during the 1996–2010 period. We find that (1) the newly-established REITs in other countries exhibit similar initial-day return pattern as in the U.S., (2) the low initial-day return might be caused by the fund-like structure of REITs and the re-deployable assets (real estate) they hold, (3) the slightly positive initial-day return is offset by the poor performance in the 190 days subsequent to the IPO, and (4) the change in U.S. REIT IPO performance before and after 1990 is likely due to a change in the REIT structure.     

定向增发与上市公司长期业绩下滑

本文以2006-2009年我国A股市场上市公司定向增发事件为研究样本,从经营业绩的角度考察了上市公司定向增发后的长期业绩状况。本文的研究发现我国上市公司定向增发前的长期业绩呈上升趋势,在定向增发实施当年达到峰值,随后在增发后出现下滑趋势,特别是定向增发后一年内的下降幅度在统计上显著为负。本文从盈余管理假说、自由现金流假说和发行对象类别等角度检验了上市公司定向增发后长期经营业绩下滑的影响因素,发现上市公司定向增发前的盈余管理行为和自由现金流水平、定向增发后的过度投资以及大股东及其关联方的认购是造成定向增发后长期经营业绩下滑的重要原因。     

The Timing and Subsequent Performance of Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange

Companies that have listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange by means of a public offering between 1980 and 1991 have subsequently performed poorly. This long run post issue performance is remarkably consistent with the South African evidence for seasoned rights issuing companies and the international evidence for both initial public offerings (IPOs) and seasoned equity offerings (SEOs). Over the four years post issue, the newly listed companies earned an average return of 18.0% as opposed to 81.5% for a size-matched sample of seasoned companies. This study adds to the increasing body of international evidence suggesting the IPO under performance 'puzzle' referred to by Ibbotson (1975), Loughran and Ritter (1995) and Spiess and Affleck-Graves (1995) is not simply sample or country specific.     

The long-run stock performance of preferred stock issuers

We examine the long-run common stock performance of preferred stock issuers. We find that significant abnormal underperformance is present only for 1 year after the issue. For the longer term we do not find consistently significant abnormal performance. This result contrasts with substantial underperformance of common equity and debt issuers during the 3 or 5 years post-issue. The better long-run performance of preferred issuers relative to common equity and debt issuers is driven primarily by financial firms' motivation to issue preferred stock to satisfy regulatory requirements of capital adequacy.     

Do Japanese CEOs matter?

In a country where individualism is emphasized less than in Western countries, we ask whether the CEO (shacho) of a Japanese corporation positively affects firm performance. To answer this question, we construct a shacho-firm matched panel data set in the period 1990 through 2002 of all listed 1419 Japanese manufacturing firms and their 3520 shachos. Though we find a positive abnormal stock return on the date a shacho change is announced, especially when the shacho change is non-routine, we document that this effect is short-lived. There seems to be no long-run positive change in performance or policies after a shacho change, even when the shacho change is non-routine. Finally, in trying to explain firm performance or policies, we attempt to separate a firm-fixed effect from a shacho-fixed effect, and are unable to disentangle a shacho-fixed effect. We are thus left to conclude that shachos do not positively matter in the Japanese corporation in this decade of a stagnant economy.     

Determinants and consequences of voluntary disclosure in an emerging market: Evidence from China

In this paper we examine empirically the determinants of voluntary disclosure in the annual reports of Chinese listed firms that issue both domestic and foreign shares and determine if the cost of debt capital is related to the extent of voluntary disclosure. We find the level of voluntary disclosure is positively related to the proportion of state ownership, foreign ownership, firm performance measured by return on equity, and reputation of the engaged auditor. There is no evidence, however, that companies benefit from extensive voluntary disclosure by having a lower cost of debt capital.     

Corporate governance and long run performance of seasoned equity issuers

This paper examines the effect of corporate governance on the likelihood of issuing Seasoned Equity Offerings (SEO) between 1990 and 2005. It also examines the long-run post-issue performance using operating and stock return measures. Our results suggest that well-governed firms are less likely to issue equity. Nevertheless, when they do so, they outperform both matching non-issuers and issuers with minimal shareholders’ rights from pre- to post-issue—with the highest operating out-performance occurring in the two post-issue years. A negative correlation exists between the post-issue performance and the anti-takeover measures, primarily, the protection associated with management entrenchment. Nonetheless, measures of board structure do not appear to affect the post-issue operating performance. Overall, corporate governance appears to be an effective internal control mechanism that restrains managers’ incentives to either take an SEO issuance decision that does not serve the interests of shareholders or invest the capital raised in value-destroying projects.     

Corporate name changes: Price reactions and long-run performance

Stock price reactions and long-run performance after a corporate name change are investigated using a sample of Hong Kong listed companies spanning 1999 to 2008. Corporate name changes are classified into four types. Investors react positively around the announcement date to changes announced as being due to a merger or acquisition, a restructuring or a change in business type. Name changes to provide clarity or for reputational reasons generate no stock price reaction. No abnormal trading activity is detected around the announcement and in the post-event period. There is very weak evidence of a relationship between long-run abnormal stock returns, operating performance changes and corporate name changes. The results suggest that name changes have short-term stock price effects but no long-term relationship with stock price or operating performance.     

Do spin-offs really create value? The European case

We study wealth effects for a sample of 156 spin-offs from 15 different European countries that were announced between January 1987 and September 2000. The cumulative average abnormal return over the 3-day event window is 2.62%. This number increases to 2.66% for the subsequently completed spin-offs. The cumulative average abnormal return is 3.57% for completed spin-offs by companies that increase their industrial focus and only 0.76% for non-focus increasing companies. The difference between these two sub-samples is significantly different from zero. These results are in line with previous studies for the US. The long-run returns in excess of matching firms are mostly insignificant for parents, subsidiaries and pro-forma combined firms. This result suggests that, unlike US spin-offs, European spin-offs are not associated with long-run superior performance.