长大隧道斜井施工技术

在社会主义市场经济快速发展的大环境下,施工企业在我国国民经济发展建设过程中的作用越来越明显,要想进一步提高我国国民经济在国际舞台上的整体竞争力,施工企业必须结合实际施工状况不断强化各项施工技术,为提高我国国民经济发展水平打下坚实的基础。长大隧道斜井施工是隧道施工中的重要组成部分,斜井施工质量与整个隧道整体施工质量成正比例关系,也就是说,斜井施工质量越高,隧道整体质量越好。目前,我国长大隧道使用已经普遍采用了斜井施工技术,该技术的应用一方面提高了施工质量,另一方面为施工安全提供了技术保障。笔者结合多年工作经验,对长大隧道斜井施工技术相关的内容作了总结介绍。     

长大隧道斜井施工技术

在社会主义市场经济快速发展的大环境下,施工企业在我国国民经济发展建设过程中的作用越来越明显,要想进一步提高我国国民经济在国际舞台上的整体竞争力,施工企业必须结合实际施工状况不断强化各项施工技术,为提高我国国民经济发展水平打下坚实的基础。长大隧道斜井施工是隧道施工中的重要组成部分,斜井施工质量与整个隧道整体施工质量成正比例关系,也就是说,斜井施工质量越高,隧道整体质量越好。目前,我国长大隧道使用已经普遍采用了斜井施工技术,该技术的应用一方面提高了施工质量,另一方面为施工安全提供了技术保障。笔者结合多年工作经验,对长大隧道斜井施工技术相关的内容作了总结介绍。     

光面爆破在隧道施工中的应用

我国经济的发展,科技的进步,为隧道施工带来了极大的机遇,隧道施工技术相比之前提升了一个台阶。隧道施工作为整个工程的重点环节,必须保证施工技术达到预期的效果,而光面爆破技术是隧道施工的关键,此项技术决定着隧道施工是否能够正常进行,施工完毕后是否能够正常使用,因此爆破技术是隧道施工的重中之重。本文主要阐述了光面爆破在隧道施工中的应用。     

桥梁隧道施工中灌浆技术的应用研究

经济的发展和科学技术的进步,推动了我国公共设施设备的完善和公共设施建造过程科学性的提升。近年来,我国桥梁隧道施工技术不断更新,其中灌浆技术在桥梁隧道施工中的应用越来越广泛,也因此受到了社会各界的重视。通过灌浆技术在桥梁隧道中的应用,提升了桥梁隧道施工的质量。文章从灌浆技术在我国桥梁隧道施工中的应用现状出发,针对灌浆技术的材料选择及应用方法,分析了灌浆技术的特征及应用灌浆技术的积极意义。     

隧道工程控制爆破技术探讨与应用

隧道工程控制爆破技术在我国隧道施工中已经应用了几十年,但是炮眼利用率低、对围岩的扰动一直影响着隧道施工,因此加强对隧道工程控制爆破技术的探究,对提高隧道施工质量,降低施工成本具有重要的作用。本文首先对控制爆破的基本原理进行阐述,随后以隧道施工实例对隧道控制爆破技术进行了系统分析。     

探讨长隧道施工机械配套与快速施工技术

随着我国经济与科技的不断进步,隧道工程建设技术也取得了长足的发展,其中长隧道施工技术的应用尤为广泛.文章主要对长隧道施工机械配套以及快速施工技术进行阐述,并就长隧道无轨运输、快速安全施工机械配套总结出几点原则,希望对今后的隧道快速施工有所贡献.     

桥梁隧道施工中灌浆技术的应用分析

桥梁和隧道属于我国公路交通中的重要组成部分。多种类型的施工技术会被运用于隧道施工的过程中。灌浆技术为其中最为重要的一种技术。正因为我国地形较为复杂,大多数时候需要依靠桥梁隧道来进行施工。因此,灌浆技术将会发挥重要的作用。本文结合实际案例分析灌浆技术在桥梁隧道施工过程中的应用。     

关于隧道不良地质段施工技术的探讨

近年来随着我国社会经济的繁荣富强,公路建设也进入快速阶段,但是由于我国幅员辽阔,地形地貌复杂,公路隧道施工越来越多,不良地质条件加大了隧道施工难度与风险,笔者结合公路隧道施工的实际工作经验,就隧道不良地址段施工技术运用展开深入探讨,以期望对今后不良地段隧道施工有所帮助。     

桥梁隧道施工中灌浆技术的应用研究

桥梁隧道属于我国公路交通中的重要组成部分,在进行桥梁隧道施工时需要应用许多施工技术,灌浆技术就是其中的一种。因为我国地大物博,而且地形种类繁多,在山地、河流及丘陵地带进行公路施工时,大多需要依靠桥梁隧道来进行,因此桥梁隧道施工中,灌浆技术的应用显得非常重要,灌浆技术能够保证桥梁隧道施工的质量以及安全性,对桥梁隧道施工的整体进度以及工程质量都具有重要影响,因此在本文中就将对桥梁隧道施工中灌浆法的应用进行分析。     

隧道初期支护

随着我国交通建设的快速发展,地铁、铁路等施工项目越来越多,使得隧道施工变得很重要。初期支护在隧道施工中占据着重要的角色,应加强隧道初期支护施工技术。杨家庄隧道工程地质复杂、工期紧张、施工条件恶劣,本文对该隧道的初期支护施工技术进行介绍,给类似工程施工提供了参考依据。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

Multinomial distributions applied to random sampling of particulate materials

When sampling a batch consisting of particulate material, the distribution of a sample estimator can be characterized using knowledge about the sample drawing process. With Bernoulli sampling, the number of particles in the sample is binomially distributed. Because this is rarely realized in practice, we propose a sampling design in which the possible samples have a nearly equal mass. Expected values and variances of the sample estimator are calculated. It is shown that the sample estimator becomes identical to the Horvitz–Thompson estimator in the case of a large batch-to-sample mass ratio and a large sample mass. Simulations and experiments were performed to test the theory. Simulations confirm that the round-off error due to the discrete nature of particles is negligible for large sample sizes. Sampling experiments were carried out with a mixture of PolyPropylene (PP) and PolyTetraFluorEthylene (PTFE) spheres suspended in a viscous medium. The measured and theoretical variations are in good agreement.