基于认知视角的歧义观

传统歧义研究具有局限性,歧义定义的不统一是影响歧义研究继续深入发展的重要原因。从人的认知心理的角度对歧义做出新的界定,可以确定歧义、双关和会话会议的不同语效。基于认知视角的歧义观对于揭示语言表达和理解过程,具有积极意义。     

论言语中的歧义现象及其语用功能

歧义结构所表达的多重意义一方面给人们正常交际带来了困难,增加了人们的认知负担;另一方面又使得语言更加丰富、多彩,显示了多方面的语用效果。歧义现象的语用功能使得语言更加生动和婉转,从而能够更有效地进行交际。     

双关中歧义的妙用

研究语言中歧义现象学者认为:我们在说话或写文章时,要努力避免歧义。然而歧义并不总是消极的东西,它也有可取之处。本文试图从语音歧义和语义歧义两方面谈谈歧义在双关中的妙用。     

浅析情境认知影响英语语音的交际功能

情境认知是心理复杂现象的一部分,在很大程度上决定人们如何运用语言结构实现交际功能。论文解释了情境认知对英语语音交际功能的影响,旨在提请读者提高认知意识,不断转化思维并正确掌握和运用英语语音,以减少言语交际中的歧义和失误。另一方面,情境认知理论也促进英语语音教学。     

探寻歧义容忍度认知风格 改进大学英语阅读教学

在语言的使用过程中人们常常追求用语的精确,注重语言的简洁,要求言必有中,但是在实际语言交流过程中由于存在复杂的外部环境,出现言不达意或者让人理解偏差的现象,这种语言的歧义现象是很常见的,每一种语种中都会存在。英语与汉语无论是在语法、语音还是在词汇上都存在很大的差别,中国大学生在学习英语时很难避免语言歧义模糊现象的出现,在大学英语阅读教学中表现得更加明显,直接影响到学生的英语学习。要想提升阅读教学效果,有必要培养学生歧义容忍度认知水平。本文主要从已有的歧义容忍度研究出发,分析其对阅读教学的影响,探究如何有效改进阅读教学。     

歧义产生原因及消解机制

当语言规则对所要表达和理解的信息不具有足够的制约力的时候,就容易引起交际障碍,歧义现象就会产生。因此,语境信息的强制性与歧义的产生、消解关系紧密,语境往往既能产生歧义同时,又能消解歧义。     

浅论英语的歧义现象

当前语言歧义现象已引起广泛关注,认真研究歧义结构对语言学习和交流是很重要的。歧义现象的存在在某些情况下会使人们产生错误理解,从而影响交流的顺利进行。本文主要探讨语言运用过程中在词汇、句法结构方面产生的歧义,对英语结构歧义的类型、理解与翻译用典型的实例作了说明。     

介于歧义容忍度与学习成效间的学习策略使用倾向研究

面对外语学习中的歧义现象,如何选择有效的学习策略至关重要.本研究随机选取416名大二学生为研究对象,采用问卷和访谈法,探讨了歧义容忍度对学习策略使用倾向的影响及两者与学习成效的关联度.结果表明:歧义容忍度和学习策略是影响学业成绩的两个直接变量,同时学习策略又作为歧义容忍度和学习动机影响学业成绩的一个中介变量存在,歧义容忍度影响着学生的策略选择,最终影响着学习成效.     

语境与歧义

歧义是语言运用过程中产生的一种不可避免的现象，要准确地理解歧义必须把它和它所依赖的语境联系起来。因为语境在歧义现象中具有作用截然相反的两种功能，既能消除歧义，又能产生歧义。该文着重从六个不同的侧面对语境是如何产生歧义这一问题进行了探讨，从而说明掌握一定的语境知识不但能消除歧义，而且能带来意想不到的修辞效果。     

英语歧义结构及其化解方法探析

语言的歧义现象已引起广泛的关注。本文就英语中歧义问题的研究进行了概述,归结为五个方面并尝试着从语义和语用的角度提出一些针对性的化解方法,以便于在教学中针对不同层面上的歧义结构作出合适的阐释。     

浅析英语教学中的歧异现象

歧异是英语语言学习中的一种重要现象，正确处理歧异现象对英语语言学习者有重要意义，因此本文分析了歧异的概念，浅析了交际教学中几种歧异现象，并对此提出了一些解决途径。     

城市房屋拆迁中公共利益界定的思考

公共利益是我国现行法律中常见的法律范畴,但由于公共利益本身高度的抽象性,宪法和法律对公共利益界定得又较为模糊,这给行政管理实践带来了极大的混乱。因此,如何准确合理地界定公共利益就成为法学研究与实践中一个迫切需要解决的问题。     

论个人存款账户的性质

个人存款的法律性质在法学理论、立法实践以及实际生活中均存在着含混之处。该法律关系既不属于纯粹的债权,也不属于纯粹的物权,而应当将其界定为具有物权性的债权法律关系较为符合中国现有的立法实践,也符合中国的传统金融文化以及客观现实。     

论信用风险缓释工具监管制度的完善——以信用风险缓释工具与信用保险的相似性为视角

作为中国版CDS的CRM业务已正式推出,但至今为止CRM是否因构成信用保险而受保险法监管仍然模糊不清。通过分析ISDA与FSA关于CDS与信用保险的相关观点,以及美国有关CDS监管的新发展,尤其是NCOIL有关CDS监管的示范立法,结合我国当前因未明确CRMA、CRMW与信用保险的界限所产生的问题,提出我国CRM监管制度的法律层级有待提高,并可以在相关部门规章中明确规定CRM业务不属于信用保险业务范畴,同时应当在对卖出保护方规定法定比例的准责任准备金或者履约保证金制度。     

英汉歧义在广告语中的积极运用

歧义是一个语言表达方式有两种或两种以上意义的特殊语言现象，它作为广告文体中经常使用的技巧之一已经引起广泛关注。该文着重从英汉语音、词汇、语法／结构及语用等四个层面展示英汉歧义在广告语中的积极运用。     

An empirical test of linkages proposed in the walker,churchill, and ford model of salesforce motivation and performance

In their model of salesforce motivation and performance, Ford, Churchill, and Walker hypothesize that a salesman's selling experience, participation in his supervisor's decision making, and closeness with which he is supervised are negatively related to his perception of role ambiguity and positively related to his job satisfaction. In addition, they hypothesize that the salesman's perception of role ambiguity is negatively related to his job satisfaction. The present study supports these hypotheses in terms of the following findings: (1) participation and closeness of supervision were negatively related to the salesman's perception of role ambiguity, (2) closeness of supervision was positively related to his extrinsic job satisfaction, and (3) participation was positively related to intrinsic job satisfaction. Finally, role ambiguity was negatively related to both extrinsic and intrinsic job satisfaction. The author thanks Professor Norbert L. Enrick, Kent State University, for his useful comments on earlier drafts of this article.     

Salespeople’s use of upward influence tactics (UITs) in coping with role stress

Researchers’ attentions have recently focused on how salespeople cope with role stress. This study focuses on salespersons’ use of six upward influence tactics (UITs) with the immediate sales manager, and how salespeople use UITs to lessen the impact of two role stressors (perceived role conflict and role ambiguity) associated with the sales job. The study also evaluates the potential moderating role of UITs on relationships between role stress and manager satisfaction and propensity to leave. Analysis of data gathered from a heterogeneous sample revealed differences in use of UITs between salespeople classified as either high or low in role stress. Salespeople who perceive high role conflict employ assertiveness and upward appeal UITs more frequently. Salespeople who perceive high role ambiguity use exchange and coalition-building UITs more frequently. Results also suggest that salespersons’ use of assertiveness and ingratiation UITs exacerbate relationships between perceived role ambiguity and two outcomes: satisfaction with supervisor and propensity to leave. Implications of the study findings for sales managers are reviewed, as are implications for further research. His research interests are in the areas of personal selling and sales management. His work has appeared inJournal of Education for Business, Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, and various national and international conference proceedings. Jeffrey K. Sager, Ph. D., conducts research in the areas of salesperson turnover and job stress. His work has appeared in theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, andJournal of Business Research. His research interests are in the fields of strategic management and organizational behavior. His research has been published in theAcademy of Management Journal, Journal of Applied Psychology, and several other journals.