逃税规模的衡量

逃税造成了政府财政收入的减少,因而政府理所当然地关心社会中的逃税程度,而且逃税程度的大小也代表了一国税务机关税收征管成效的高低.因此从这个意义上讲,对逃税规模的衡量就显得必要了.不过,由于纳税人的逃税行为是隐蔽的,故很难对逃税规模进行直接有效的衡量,尽管如此,还是存在一些方法从侧面去测算一国的逃税规模的.     

虚假海关完税凭征的识别及防范

近年来,不法分子利用虚假海关完税凭证偷逃税款的手段出现了一些新的特点。税务机关在监管海关完税凭证工作中还存在一些薄弱环节。本文介绍了对真伪海关完税凭证的识别方法,提出了强化税源管理、加大监管力度、防范利用虚假海关完税凭证偷逃税的建议。     

The relation between national cultural dimensions and tax evasion

Although penalties and audits exist, tax evasion is a widespread phenomenon and continues to be a problem for many countries. National culture may contribute to a further understanding of intentional noncompliance across countries. In this study, we investigate the influence of national culture on tax compliance levels across 50 countries. Using Hofstede's (1980) cultural framework as a basis for our hypotheses, we find that a noncompliant country's profile is characterized by high uncertainty avoidance, low individualism, low masculinity, and high power distance. Our results have implications for both research and practice. This is the first study to employ Hofstede's cultural framework as an explanator of international tax compliance diversity and serves as the starting point for the development of an international tax compliance framework. Tax policy implications also are addressed.     

对公司注销后被发现的偷逃税款应如何处理

对公司依法定程序注销后被发现的偷逃税款的追缴涉及《税收征管法》、《公司法》、《企业破产法》、《合同法》等相关法律的衔接,是税收执法中的一个"老大难"问题。本文从一个税务稽查案例出发,对公司依法定程序注销后被发现的偷逃税款或少缴税款是否应该追缴、如何追缴等问题进行探讨,并提出加强对上述偷逃税款管理的建议。     

Corporate and personal income tax declarations

Decisions by firms and individuals on the extent of their tax payments have generally been treated as separate choices. Empirically, a positive relationship between corporate and personal income tax evasion can be observed. The theoretical analysis in this paper shows that a manager's decision on the firm's behaviour will be independent of his personal preferences if the gain from reducing corporate tax payments is certain, as in the case of tax avoidance. If, however, the firm evades taxes so that the manager's income depends on whether the firm's activities are detected or not, corporate and personal income tax evasion choices cannot be separated. Jel Code H 24 · H 25 · H 26     

国际税收协定与反避税

税收协定除对所得消除双重征税外,还有防止偷逃税(“财政逃避”)的重要目的。税收协定和反避税之间的关系十分紧密,反避税是税收协定的一个重要内容,是各国谈签协定的主旨之一。本文从反避税角度对协定中可能出现的协定滥用和避税问题进行了列举,并提出适时修订协定、完善国内法规、有效打击跨国偷逃税活动的建议。     

An empirical investigation of trends in barter activity in the Russian Federation

Barter, which has dominated the Russian economic landscape for years, has significant economic and accounting implications. Barter often camouflages Russian businesses' financial and tax statements making true costs, prices, values, and profits a mystery, thereby compromising financial-statement transparency. Contemporary literature suggests that barter is still rampant in Russia.For this study a group of Russian businesspersons were asked to complete a survey regarding the levels of barter in Russia since 1996. The empirical evidence we collected provides insight into recent trends in barter in Russia, including indication that the incidence of barter has dramatically decreased. These findings have significant implications for Russian business and economic development. A reduction in barter is likely to enhance financial-statement transparency, thus minimizing information risk for potential investors and creditors.     

我国刑法第二百零一条修正案评析

我国刑法第二百零一条修正案从立法理念到立法技术均对1997年刑法中关于偷税罪的规定进行了实质性修改,而且蕴含了巨大创新,必将对我国刑法和税法的理论、立法以及司法和税收执法实践产生深刻影响.因此,建议对其进行全面的归纳和分析,找出可进一步完善之处,这无疑将有助于丰富我国刑法和税法理论,以便改进立法,指导司法和税收执法实践活动.     

论偷税的立法改进

我国现行《征管法》根据修订该法律时所能预见的情形,以及结合当时税收执法的实际情况,对偷税进行了界定,并规定了其法律责任,具有一定的历史意义。但是,随着人们法制观念的不断增强,现行《征管法》对偷税主体、偷税手段及其法律责任所做的规定开始显现其弊病和不适应性,必须对其进行全面的改进。     

The relationship between culture and tax evasion across countries: Additional evidence and extensions

This study builds on the work of Tsakumis et al. [Tsakumis, G. T., Curatola, A. P,. & Porcano, T. M. (2007). The relation between national cultural dimensions and tax evasion. Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, 16, 131-147] by conducting further empirical analysis of the relationship between Hofstede's [Hofstede, G. H. (1980). Cultures consequences: International differences in work-related values. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications] cultural dimensions and tax evasion across countries using multiple measures of tax evasion to gain additional evidence on the subject. Moreover, this study extends the preliminary international tax evasion model developed by Tsakumis et al. [Tsakumis, G. T., Curatola, A. P,. & Porcano, T. M. (2007). The relation between national cultural dimensions and tax evasion. Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, 16, 131-147] to examine, along with culture, the impact of legal, political, and religious variables on tax evasion across countries. Based on data from 47 countries, and after controlling for economic development, the regression results indicate that the higher the level of uncertainty avoidance and the lower the level of individualism, legal enforcement, trust in government, and religiosity, the higher is the level of tax evasion across countries. These findings remain robust to multiple measures of tax evasion. Government policymakers should find the results of this study useful in assessing the likelihood of tax evasion from cultural, legal, political, and religious perspectives, and in developing tax reform policies to reduce tax evasion.     

借鉴国际经验完善我国地方税征管体系

本文介绍了当前发达国家地方税征管体系,从地方政府的税收征管能力、纳税服务理念、税源监控和税务代理等方面分析了西方发达国家地方税征管体系的特点,并结合我国的国情,提出了完善我国地方税税收征管体系的建议。     

美国税收情报交换的经验与借鉴

税收情报交换是国际税收征管合作的重要形式之一,对经济全球化背景下打击跨国偷、逃税具有积极的意义。本文详细介绍了美国税收情报交换的机构设置、人员职责以及操作程序,并提出了学习借鉴美国经验以改进我国情报交换工作的建议。     

完善我国高等学校税收政策研究

随着经济体制的转轨,高等学校要满足市场经济条件下的高等教育办学要求,必须进行包括经费来源渠道多元化、后勤社会化、科研产业化等在内的各项改革,这对高校税收政策提出了新的要求,因此,要全面认识我国高校税收政策,克服其弊端,充分发挥税收政策特有的调节作用,合理运用税收优惠等工具,完善其政策内容,支持高校各项改革深入开展,促进高等学校健康和可持续发展.     

如何对电子商务征税

电子商务作为新型的商业运作模式 ,对现行税收征管规则产生了冲击。在坚持对电子商务不开征新税的情况下 ,如何对电子商务征税且应坚持什么原则 ,本文进行了讨论 ,提出了以电子商务征税的一般原则。同时 ,如何对电子商务征税提出了具体措施。其基本思路是通过银行中介在客户和供货商之间建立一种相互制约机制 ,通过银行中介来行使扣缴税款。     

加拿大公司所得税制度与征管经验借鉴

加拿大的公司所得税制度体系完备,征管体系也较为合理,促进了经济的持续稳定发展。本文详细介绍了加拿大公司所得税制度及其征管体系,并提出我国在完善企业所得税制度时应借鉴其对公平与效率的兼顾以及加强税收征管的一些有效经验。     

我国古代应对灾疫的税收实践、思想与启示

我国古代灾疫频繁,抵御灾疫及灾后恢复生产的需要不仅催生了古代国家治理和税收征收制度,也影响和促进了与自然协调发展的税收制度的形成。历史上,我国通过税收减免、引导社会投入,尽力减少灾难损失,促进灾后生产恢复。在抵御灾疫的实践中,也产生了积蓄救灾、敬天修德、养民、节用等税收思想。这些实践和思想在今天还有一定的借鉴作用,即在抵御灾疫过程中应充分发挥税收政策的作用,不断完善税收制度,出台应急政策的同时要制定退出机制。     

新企业所得税法中的几个征管问题

《中华人民共和国企业所得税法》(以下简称"新企业所得税法")将于2008年1月1日起施行。为确保新企业所得税法顺利实施,需要制定一部切实可行的实施条例,需要做好新旧税法的衔接工作,还需要进一步理顺现行的税收征管体制。在实施条例出台之前,本文对新企业所得税法中涉及的若干税收征管问题,如境外所得税收抵免、反避税管理、总分机构汇总计算纳税、母子公司合并纳税以及税收征管体制改革等进行了探讨。     

国外纳税遵从研究动态

国外有关纳税遵从的研究主要从以下两条途径展开:一是起始于Allingham & Sandmo的A-S分析模型,运用预期效用理论来分析纳税人的纳税遵从决策;二是基于Tversky & Kahneman提出的期望理论分析风险选择偏好以及框架效应等对纳税人纳税遵从行为的影响,并解释预期效用理论下分析纳税人纳税遵从行为的一些困惑.本文借鉴国外纳税遵从的研究并结合我国实际情况,提出了完善我国的税务稽查与处罚制度、提高社会整体税收道德水平、增强财政公平度及优化税款预缴制度以提升我国的纳税遵从水平的建议.