我国精制环氧乙烷供应过剩将加剧

2013年我国精制环氧乙烷生产能力239万吨／年。较上年增长38％，全年装置平均开工率将低于80％。未来我国环氧乙烷生产能力将快速增长，而下游主要应用领域中的乙二醇、乙二醇醚的生产、消费结构的变化将加剧国内环氧乙烷的过剩态势。建议现有环氧乙烷及其衍生物生产企业积极开发新的、高附加值的环氧乙烷衍生物，丰富产品种类。进而提高企业竞争实力。     

环氧乙烷直接催化水合制乙二醇的研究

环氧乙烷非催化水合法是目前工业规模生产乙二醇的方法,但此工艺存在选择性偏低、流程长、能耗大等缺点,而采用环氧乙烷直接催化水合技术则可大大降低能耗,提高乙二醇的选择性。文章综述了国内外主要大公司及相关科研机构对环氧乙烷直接催化水合技术的研究成果,对国内的研究水平进行了介绍并论述了进一步的开发方向。     

浅谈环氧乙烷的危害及安全防护

环氧乙烷是一种有毒的致癌物质,具有刺激性和致敏性,化学性质活泼,易燃易爆本文从环氧乙烷的理化性质、毒性等方面出发,论述了环氧乙烷的危害及其安全防护.提出正确安装环氧乙烷灭菌器,合理布局相关设备,加强个人防护等措施可有效防治中毒等危险意外的发生.     

环氧乙烷产业技术现状与展望

针对当前国内环氧乙烷产业的快速发展和相关产品的市场需求,综述了环氧乙烷产业相关产品生产技术的研究现状,重点介绍了环氧乙烷、乙二醇、乙醇胺、乙二醇醚、聚醚非离子型表面活性剂等产品的技术现状与进展,并对相关产业的发展提出了建议.     

提升泵对三甘醇损耗影响的研究

三甘醇循环提升泵作为海上石油平台三甘醇再生系统的核心设备之一,对三甘醇再生系统的稳定运行起到关键性作用,某海上油气田天然气三甘醇再生系统拥有两种类型三甘醇循环提升泵,一种是柱塞泵,一种是能量泵。以柱塞泵和能量泵为研究对象,通过三甘醇损耗量差异分析,探索不同类型的提升泵与三甘醇损耗之间的具体关系,研究发现在使用能量泵后三甘醇损耗量明显上升。文章通过分析循环提升泵种类对三甘醇损耗量的影响,提出了合理的控制措施,为降低三甘醇的损耗量、整体提升三甘醇系统的高效稳定运行和天然气海管的安全外输提供重要保证。     

以人为本创造价值追求员工、企业与社会及自然的和谐发展自主创新持续改进共同创造、共同分享物质与精神财富——建设最具有国际竞争力的环氧乙烷衍生精细化工产业基地

辽宁奥克化学集团是国家科技部、国务院国资委和全国总工会联合确定的首批国家创新型试点企业,是国内最大的专注于环氧乙烷精深加工产业,以光电子产业、油田能源、农药医药,建材混凝土、聚酯橡塑等领域为目标市场,以多晶切割、聚乙二醇、减水剂、破乳剂、乳化剂和非离子表面活性剂等环氧衍生精细化学品的研究,开发,生产和应用为核心的精细化工高新技术产业集团.在自主创新水平和经营规模效益等方面均已成为国内环氧乙烷精深加工行业中的龙头企业,并享有盛誉.     

关于天然气三甘醇脱水系统工艺技术要点的探讨

从我国天然气应用的实际情况来看,在进入长输干线之前,需要对其进行脱水处理,才能更好地满足水露点要求.目前使用较多的为溶剂吸收脱水方法,以三甘醇作为溶剂.本文主要分析三甘醇脱水系统的工艺流程与注意事项,提出了工艺计算步骤,以更好地发挥三甘醇脱水工艺优势,不断促进该项技术成熟,满足天然气脱水处理需求.     

燃料气品质对三甘醇加热炉影响的研究

三甘醇加热炉作为海上石油平台三甘醇再生系统的核心设备之一，对三甘醇再生系统的稳定运行起到关键性作用。某海上油气田所使用的三甘醇加热炉，是一种燃气型加热炉，实际运行过程中频繁停炉，给三甘醇系统的稳定运行带来严重影响。文章通过研究三甘醇加热炉不稳定运行问题，分析出燃料气品质不合格是其主要原因，在优化燃料气品质后从根本上解决了三甘醇加热炉频繁停炉难题，每年可节省大量三甘醇费用，同时天然气露点得以稳定控制。三甘醇加热炉频繁停炉问题的解决为平台天然气安全生产提供了保障，同时提高了平台经济效益，为天然气海管安全外输提供了重要保障。     

浅谈环氧乙烷灭菌程序及灭菌器的注意事项

迄今为止,环氧乙烷是唯一得到全世界公认的最可靠的化学气体灭菌剂,在消毒与灭菌中应用已久.本文就环氧乙烷灭菌设备、灭菌程序及灭菌器的安装与注意事项进行探讨.     

三甘醇脱水HYSYS模拟优化分析

某油田天然气增压站位于准噶尔盆地西北缘,主要担负着某油田油田伴生气增压净化后外输的任务。其中站内的天然气利用三甘醇脱水装置脱水,但效果时常达不到外输气质要求,不符合生产要求。本文以某油田站三甘醇脱水装置设计为基础,结合实际运行工况,利用HYSYS软件建立三甘醇脱水装置模拟流程,根据模拟结果分析了天然气经三甘醇装置脱水后露点不达标的原因,进而对三甘醇脱水装置运行参数进行了对比优化模拟,提出了三甘醇脱水装置最优运行参数。同时对设备运行管理可能存在的其他问题给出解决建议。     

乙二醇合成技术研究进展及市场预测

主要介绍了乙二醇（EG）的生产技术现状,详细介绍了国内外环氧乙烷（EO）催化水合法制EG技术的发展动向和国内EG工业的基本情况,并对EG国外市场进行了预测。建议加强具有我国自主知识产权的EO催化水合法制EG技术的开发并尽快实现产业化,以促进我国EG工业的进一步发展。     

Paths to Success: How Do Market Orientation and Entrepreneurship Orientation Produce New Product Success?

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between strategic orientation and the performance of new products. In this paper, we develop a conceptual model that explores the roles of market orientation (MO) and entrepreneurship orientation (EO) on new product performance and seek to understand the mediating roles of process and product characteristics. Based on a survey of 471 small and medium‐sized enterprises in Korea, we found that MO and EO positively affect new product performance. The main impact of MO is through new product development proficiency and product meaningfulness and that of EO is through proficient intellectual property management and product novelty. Academic and managerial implications are also discussed.     

Reconceptualizing entrepreneurial orientation

Entrepreneurial orientation (EO)—a firm's strategic posture towards entrepreneurship—has become the predominant construct of interest in strategic entrepreneurship research. Despite the ever‐increasing volume of nomological research on EO, there remain ongoing conversations regarding its ontology. Drawing from measurement theory, we outline an EO reconceptualization addressing the likely prevalence of Type II nomological error in the EO literature stemming from measurement model misspecification. Focusing on the question of whether EO is an attitudinal construct, a behavioral construct, or both, we propose a formative construction of EO viewing the exhibition of entrepreneurial behaviors and of managerial attitude towards risk as jointly necessary dimensions that collectively form the higher‐order EO construct. We present an empirical illustration of our reconceptualization followed by a discussion of future research opportunities. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Broad-Based Employee Ownership and Labour Productivity During the 2008 Recession: Evidence from Public Firms in Europe

Did publicly traded European firms with employee ownership (EO) realize higher firm performance during or after the Great Recession? Contributing to the growing interest in exploring the association between EO and firm performance during and after the 2008 economic crisis, we draw on a longitudinal sample of 4,259 firm-years representing 892 publicly traded firms from 28 European countries. The results show that compared to firms without EO, those with EO experienced higher firm performance during or after the recession, albeit with small effect size. Consistent with past findings, we found that firms with EO were less likely to lower their employee count during or after the recession. Findings are robust to controlling for contemporaneous endogeneity and alternate specifications. Our results indicate that publicly traded European firms with EO, on average, realized higher firm performance in the face of the Great Recession.     

An Empirical Analysis of the Relationship between Employee Ownership and Employment Stability in the US: 1999–2011

Do firms with employee ownership (EO) programs exhibit greater employment stability in the face of economic downturns? In particular, are firms with EO programs less likely to lay off workers during negative shocks? In this article, we examine the relationship between EO programs and employment stability in the United States using longitudinal Form 5500‐CompuStat matched data on the universe of publicly traded companies during 1999–2011. We examine how firms with EO programs weathered the recessions of 2001 and 2008 in terms of employment stability relative to firms without EO programs, and also whether such firms were less likely to lay off workers when faced with negative shocks more broadly. In our econometric analyses, we use a rich array of measures of EO at firms, including the presence of EO stock in pension plans, the presence of employee stock ownership plans (ESOPs), the value of EO stock per employee, the share of the firm owned by employees, the share of workers at the firm participating in EO and the share of workers at the firm participating in ESOPs. We also consider both economy‐wide negative shock measures (increases in the unemployment rate, declines in the employment‐to‐population ratio) and firm‐specific negative shock measures (declines in firm sales, declines in firm stock price). Our results indicate that EO firms exhibit greater employment stability in the face of economy‐wide and firm‐specific negative shocks.     

Entrepreneurial Orientation and Firm Performance: Drawing Attention to the Senior Team

Prior studies have argued entrepreneurial orientation (EO) plays an important role in explaining firm performance. This study aims to assess how senior team attributes moderate the relationship between EO and firm performance. For this purpose, an attention‐based perspective is adopted, focusing on attention scope as well as distributed and situated attention. By considering the role of senior team heterogeneity in broadening the attention scope of senior teams and the role of senior team shared vision in aligning distributed attention across organizational functions, this research investigates how senior teams may enhance the value‐creating potential of EO. In addition, we assess situated attention by including the notion of environmental dynamism and examining whether the role of the senior team attributes is contingent upon environmental conditions. Using a time‐lagged sample of 346 firms operating in various industries, we find that senior team heterogeneity helps firms to leverage their EO and improve their performance. Moreover, once environmental conditions are taken into account, results indicate that the absence of heterogeneity at senior team level may be particularly detrimental for firms operating in stable environments. The direct moderating effect of shared vision on the relationship between EO and performance is not substantiated. However, senior team shared vision has a positive impact for firms operating in dynamic environments, providing a premium for firms aiming to realize the inherent value of EO. Our research provides important implications for senior teams aiming to leverage their EO into increased firm performance. Evidence shows that while a heterogeneous team composition and senior team shared vision may provide several benefits, these advantages may fluctuate across environmental conditions.     

Explaining the entrepreneurial orientation–performance relationship in emerging economies: The intermediate roles of absorptive capacity and improvisation

Research has established the relevance of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) to firm performance but skepticism remains because of the ambiguity surrounding how EO might improve firm performance. We examine the key concepts of absorptive capacity and improvisation as two alternative learning modes serving as intermediate steps between EO and firm performance. Locating our study within manufacturing SMEs in Malaysia, we find that absorptive capacity enhances the EO–performance relationship, both as a moderator and a mediator. In contrast to expectations, however, improvisation showed no such effects but conferred its own separate benefits instead. We further discuss the different effects of these learning modes on high performance and low performance groups.     

Effect of entrepreneurial orientation,collectivistic orientation and swift Guanxi with suppliers on market performance: A study of e-commerce enterprises

This study investigates the influence of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and swift Guanxi (three dimensions: mutual understanding, reciprocal favor and relationship harmony) on perceived value of suppliers and market performance of e-commerce enterprises, and the moderating effect of collectivistic orientation on the relationship between EO and swift Guanxi. The results obtained from a sample of 153 Chinese e-commerce enterprises using SEM-PLS analysis show that market performance of this kind of businesses is favorably influenced by their EO, but not by their swift Guanxi with suppliers. The findings confirm EO’s direct effect on swift Guanxi and its indirect effects on perceived value of suppliers, mediated through reciprocal favor and relationship harmony. In addition, the findings verify the negative moderating effect of collectivistic orientation on the EO-mutual understanding link. The study's implications and future research directions are discussed.     

Knowledge‐based resources,entrepreneurial orientation,and the performance of small and medium‐sized businesses

While theory suggests that management has discretion in manipulating resources in order to build competitive advantage, resource‐based research has focused on the characteristics of resources, paying less attention to the relationship between those resources and the way firms are organized. In explaining performance, entrepreneurship scholars have focused on a firm's entrepreneurial strategic orientation (EO), leaving its interrelationship with internal characteristics aside. We argue that EO captures an important aspect of the way a firm is organized. Our findings suggest that knowledge‐based resources (applicable to discovery and exploitation of opportunities) are positively related to firm performance and that EO enhances this relationship. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Can entrepreneurial orientation improve R&D alliance performance? An absorptive capacity perspective

Research and Development (R&D) alliance studies maintain that alliance partners’ entrepreneurial interactions that pursue innovation opportunities through collective exploitation and exploration of knowledge resources lead to alliance success. Despite the importance of productive resource exchange and generation through such interactions, performance-by-alliance mechanisms remain under-researched. In this study, we develop a theoretical framework hypothesizing that the entrepreneurial orientation (EO) of alliance firms, which underlies their approach to seeking and utilizing resources productively, has a potential impact on their R&D alliance performance, depending on their absorptive capacity (AC). To specify the value creation and capture mechanism in the alliance, we adopt two performance indicators: technological competitiveness and business performance. Findings from a study of 218 small technology-intensive firms conducting R&D alliance projects show that EO translates into business performance through technological competitiveness and that AC leverages the alliance performance implications of EO. The results suggest that EO–AC complementarity is a strategic stimulant that triggers firms to extract greater benefits from R&D alliances.