浅析商业银行流动性过剩问题

我国商业银行"存差"规模过大,导致商业银行流动性过剩问题引起社会的广泛关注.历史数据表明,我国商业银行当前流动性严重过剩,流动性过剩形成的原因较为复杂,其原因不仅有宏观经济环境层面的因素,还有微观层面的因素,最后从汇率制度改革、宏观金融环境的改善、商业银行业务改进等方面提出了克服流动性过剩的几点政策建议.     

商业银行流动性过剩问题的再认识

最近,学术界对商业银行流动性问题议论颇多,议论的焦点是银行的流动性过剩及由此引发的种种后果.本文基于既往研究中值得深思的四个问题,从商业银行超额储备构成出发对流动性过剩的内涵、判断标准及影响因素进行界定,以商业银行保持流动性成因的微观视角管窥我国商业银行流动性过剩问题.在此基础上,本文认为商业银行流动性过剩问题的解决与资本市场的发展并无必然的直接联系,并针对流动性过剩问题的不同形成原因提出了相应的几点看法.     

基于不同视角对中国当前流动性过剩问题的分析

近年来,我国的货币供给量持续增长,已大大超过GDP的增长速度,商业银行体系内的存贷差日益扩大,这些因素导致了我国经济体系内"流动性过剩"的问题凸显.而今年3月,"流动性过剩"问题首次进入政府工作报告,成为今后国家宏观调控的一个重要目标.本文从两个不同却又紧密联系的角度,即经济体系中货币化比率的高企和商业银行存贷差的持续扩大出发,对目前我国市场体系内流动性状况进行分析和探讨.     

破解商业银行流动性过剩的策略

我国商业银行流动性问题,特别是流动性过剩已经严重影响了我国银行业的竞争与发展,已经引起了社会的广泛关注。研究银行流动性过剩对提高商业银行盈利能力具有较强的实践意义。文章就我国商业银行流动性过剩的相关问题进行了论述。     

商业银行信贷资金流动性过剩机理与实证研究

2002年以来,商业银行信贷资金流动性过剩问题凸现.本文从商业银行角度出发,在对流动性过剩形成机理的理论分析基础上,运用2001-2007午的月度数据,对流动性过剩与其影响因素进行了实证研究.结果显示:外汇储备增长率和储蓄存款增长率对银行存差增长率都具有显著的正面效应,外汇储备和储蓄存款的不断增加成为促进银行存差不断扩大的重要因素;而股票市价总值增长率与银行存差增长率存在着负向的相关关系,股票市场的发展有利于缩小银行存差.在此基础上,本文就应对商业银行信贷资金流动性过剩问题提出了相应的政策建议.     

我国商业银行流动性过剩问题研究

近年来,我国商业银行流动性过剩问题日趋突出。因此,从流动性过剩的表现出发,分析了我国商业银行流动性过剩的影响及原因,并据此提出了转变经济增长方式、加强汇率制度改革和加快金融创新的建议,以解决商业银行流动性过剩问题。     

商业银行流动性风险管理研究

近年来,我国商业银行流动性持续宽松.本文指出,我国商业银行在流动性过剩的掩盖下仍存在流动性风险隐患.同时阐释了商业银行潜在的流动性风险主要表现,分析了当前流动性风险管理的主要难点和问题,并给出若干政策建议.     

流动性过剩对商业银行经营的影响与应对之策

流动性过剩问题越来越动摇商业银行的盈利基础,使商业银行主要依靠利差收入的盈利模式受到严峻挑战,但它也是推动我国商业银行加速体制改革与业务转型的动力.商业银行解决流动性过剩问题,需要在产品和服务手段上创新,改变传统的经营模式.     

对我国商业银行流动性管理问题的思考

2010年下半年以来,我国商业银行明显出现了流动性过剩的问题,加强流动性管理对于商业银行的稳健经营和宏观经济的健康运行具有重要的意义。本文阐述了商业银行流动性过剩及原因,并分析了我国商业银行在流动性管理中存在的问题,在此基础上提出了加强流动性管理的政策建议。     

流动性过剩的再思考

近三年来,我国对于"流动性过剩"的讨论越来越热烈,从银行业渐渐扩大到了全社会,但笔者认为对"流动性过剩"基本概念理解上的混淆使得各方在探讨问题时着眼点不同,不易达成共识.笔者试图从"流动性过剩"基本概念的理解上入手,对中国目前商业银行流动性过剩的判断标准及形成原因进行分析,并对解决问题的路径选择进行了探讨.     

银行流动性过剩的自愿性与非自愿性因素辨析——兼论对货币政策的影响

本文将很行的流动性资产分为自愿性(预防性)流动资产和非自愿性流动资产两部分,并建立银行自愿性流动资产需求模型,进一步的实证分析表明:自愿性因素和非自愿性因素共同促使我国银行流动性过剩,自愿的预防性流动资产过剩和非自愿的流动资产过剩并存,银行的部分流动性过剩资产是为了规避融资成本、汇率风险和存款波动风险而自愿持有的.脉冲响应分析表明银行流动性过剩制约了我国贷币政策有效性的发挥.     

基于流动性过剩的财政政策和货币政策协调性研究

流动性过剩是当前中国宏观经济中的突出矛盾，影响了中国经济健康有序的发展。要解决流动性膨胀问题，不应该仅仅从银行体系这个角度来考虑，而应该从整个宏观经济平衡这个更为广泛的视角去分析和研究。这意味着仅仅依靠货币当局，沿用提高存款准备金率和存贷款利率、向市场发行央行票据等现有的货币政策手段来应对流动性膨胀，难以根治问题。应在运用货币政策的同时，配合财政政策，通过两大政策的协调配合，建立起消费主导的良性经济发展模式和合理的国民收入分配格局，才是应对流动性膨胀的治本之策。     

Allocating bank regulatory powers: Lender of last resort, deposit insurance and supervision

We examine the optimal institutional allocation of bank regulation. We find that centralizing the lending of last resort and deposit insurance functions in a regulator leads to excessive forbearance. It also leads the bank to invest suboptimally in loans. Giving this regulator supervision improves on both problems, but it still does not lead to the efficient outcome. In the multi-regulator arrangement, we find that it is beneficial to give supervision to the deposit insurer. The choice between the unified-regulator arrangement and the multi-regulator arrangement involves a trade-off: The multi-regulator arrangement reduces the forbearance problem at high levels of liquidity shortage but may exacerbate it at low levels. These results assume the absence of information frictions. When banks are better informed than regulators, we show that regulators may have an incentive not to share private information, suggesting it is important to consider regulators’ informational advantages when deciding on the allocation of regulation.     

央行票据调控可持续性分析

央行票据是中央银行为调节商业银行超额准备金而向商业银行发行的短期债务凭证,是中央银行为调节商业银行流动性而出台的一项货币政策工具,其实质是中央银行债券。目前,央票已经是债券市场不可或缺的短期投资工具和流动性管理工具。但伴随中国经济增长趋势的放缓,央行票据发行规模的下降,央票是否继续存在的争论也由此而起。通过分析我国央行票据的发展情况及现状,对央票调控的利弊进行分析,并为央票存在的持续性寻求合理的理论支持。     

商业银行流动性过剩的危害及其解决对策

银行流动性过剩加大了商业银行的竞争风险，增加了商业银行战略转型的难度，已成为当前金融运行中的突出问题。因此，央行应灵活运用各种货币政策工具加大政府投资力度，大力发展资本市场，拓展新的存贷款业务，创新金融产品，解决流动性过剩问题。     

市场竞争、银行市场势力与流动性创造效率—来自中国银行业的证据

商业银行是中国社会融资的主要渠道,银行向社会提供流动性的效率直接决定了社会融资的效率.为弥补流动性创造研究在效率和中观层面的不足,文章采用中国商业银行2000?2015年微观数据,探讨了市场竞争、银行市场势力与流动性创造效率之间的关系,得到以下结论:(1)市场竞争与流动性创造效率之间存在倒U形关系,中国银行业存在最优的市场结构;(2)银行市场势力过强是中国商业银行流动性创造效率较低的重要原因,银行市场势力越强,其流动性创造效率越低;(3)市场竞争程度与市场势力的流动性创造效率系数之间存在不显著的负相关关系,寄希望于通过增强中国银行业竞争程度来改善银行市场势力过强所导致的流动性创造效率过低,作用可能非常有限.中国应沿着"增强商业银行流动性创造能力,扩大直接融资规模"的改革方向继续前进.文章的研究丰富了已有文献,而且为中国银行体系改革的顶层设计提供了重要参考.     

Liquidity risk and bank portfolio management in a financial system without deposit insurance: Empirical evidence from prewar Japan

Using data from prewar Japan, this paper investigates the impact of a liquidity shock induced by depositors' behavior on bank portfolio management during financial crises in a system lacking deposit insurance. It is found that banks reacted to the liquidity shock sensitively through an increase in their cash holdings not by liquidating bank loans but by selling securities in the financial market. Moreover, banks exposed to local financial contagion adjusted the liquidity of their portfolio mainly by actively selling and buying their securities in the financial market. Finally, there is no evidence to conclude that the existence of the lender of last resort mitigated the liquidity constraints in bank portfolio adjustments.     

The Credit Channel at Work: Lessons from the Financial Crisis in Korea

We demonstrate that the credit channel of transmission of monetary/financial shocks appears to have aggravated Korea's economic crisis. We use micro-data gathered at the individual bank level to identify this channel of transmission. Our major findings are as follows: i) consistent with banks' autonomous retrenchment in loan supply, monetary tightening broadens the spread between marginal bank lending rates and corporate commercial paper rates; ii) credit limits on overdrafts – arguably a proxy identifying shifts in loan supply – react negatively to the monetary squeeze; iii) large negative capital shocks induce banks to disproportionately slow-down both lending and deposit taking and to disproportionately raise their lending rates. Our findings lend unequivocal support to the hypothesis that banks' autonomous contraction restricted the availability of credit and magnified the increase in its cost. In turn, this compounded the Korean crisis by aggravating liquidity constraints for the vast majority of agents who rely only on bank credit as an external source of funds.     

中小企业融资与信用理财产品开发研究

＂融资难＂问题是制约中小企业发展的重要瓶颈,＂只贷不存＂和＂信息不对称＂让小额贷款公司和商业银行分别陷入了自己向中小企业贷款的相对困境。通过信用理财产品,可以将小额贷款公司和商业银行的优势互补,降低信息不对称成本和交易成本,从而解决中小企业的融资困难问题。     

Performance of Thailand banks after the 1997 East Asian financial crisis

The performance of commercial banks and government-owned specialized banks in Thailand is estimated after the 1997 East Asian financial crisis. Commercial banks exhibit increasing returns to scale, whereas government-owned specialized banks exhibit decreasing returns to scale, implying further increases in bank size and market concentration in the commercial bank sector but not for government specialized banks. Cost inefficiency varies by bank and is a function of the ratio of nonperforming loans (NPLs) to total loans, equity to total assets and liquid assets to total assets, as well as the number of branches. On average, banks with fewer NPLs, that are well capitalized and with adequate liquidity are efficient. Thus, stricter rules to regulate credit risk management and ensure capital and liquidity adequacy would enhance efficiency in the banking sector. Although estimated input substitutability appears to be low, labour and loanable fund are substitutes. However, labour and physical capital as well as physical and loanable funds are complements in commercial banks. All the three inputs of labour, physical capital and loanable funds are substitutes for the government specialized banks.