江苏省创新型城市建设水平综合评价研究——基于因子分析和聚类分析

创新型城市建设是推动区域创新发展的重要内容。为测度江苏省创新型城市建设水平,文章从创新资源、企业创新、创新效益和创新环境4个方面,构建包含4个一级指标、25个二级指标的评价指标体系,采用因子分析法对2015年江苏省13个地级市的创新型城市建设水平进行综合评价,运用聚类分析法将13个城市按创新型城市建设水平划分为3个梯队。     

创新低碳之城:创新型城市建设的碳排放绩效评估

创新决定城市未来，低碳引领未来城市。中国政府自2008年开始实施创新型城市试点政策，并将绿色低碳作为创新型城市建设的原则和目标。因此，准确评估创新型城市建设对碳排放绩效的影响效应，对于进一步推广这一试点政策具有重要意义。文章利用中国城市的面板数据，借助于创新型城市试点政策在不同城市、不同试点时间上的变异，使用双重差分法估计了创新型城市建设对碳排放绩效的影响。研究发现，相比于非试点城市，创新试点城市的碳排放绩效平均增加2.47%，意味着创新型城市建设显著提升碳排放绩效。经过共同趋势、工具变量、干扰政策、安慰剂等一系列稳健性检验后，上述结论依然成立。机制分析表明，创新型城市建设能够强化创新政策支持、提高创新要素集聚、增加创新投入和改善创新环境，从而促进技术创新、优化产业结构和转变发展方式，这有利于降低碳排放水平，进一步提升碳排放绩效。从动态效应上看，创新型城市建设对碳排放绩效的提升效应具有持续性，并且随时间不断增强。文章是国内首篇从绿色低碳发展的角度探讨创新型城市试点政策效应的文献，不仅丰富了碳排放绩效的相关研究，也为在全国范围内推广创新型城市建设提供了经验证据，同时为打造创新、低碳等新型特色城市提供了政策参考。     

我国农业推广与信息化网络体系结合的创新模式

农业中从研发、生产到推广往往需要多元主体参与的信息化网络式合作。而基于政府主导型推广信息化网络和市场主导型推广信息化网络创新模式都存在一定的制度困境,探索性地构建合作农业推广协同信息网络创新模式,并从纵横交错的网络结构、正式和非正式契约下的网络关系、动态化的运作过程、全方位的创新以及合作信息网络发展等角度对该模式进行阐述。     

创新型城市发展模式演化过程研究——基于生态位理论视角

创新型城市在不断与周围环境相互作用的过程中进化,对创新型城市的生态位理论的概念与内涵进行了阐述,并从生态位的视角对创新型城市进化的动态过程进行了分析,探究了创新城市成长模式演变的阶段划分,并根据创新型城市生态位变化的历时过程特点,给出创新型城市基因延续的政策建议。     

创新型城市碳中和潜力评价和对策研究

从碳排放源头、碳汇能力、城市经济发展和创新能力三个角度出发，利用主成分分析法构建碳中和潜力评价体系，对72个创新型城市进行评价，发现综合得分排名前十的城市都属于东部地区，其中前四名城市都位于广东省，说明经济实力雄厚和创新能力强的城市碳中和潜力大；通过聚类分析将创新型城市划分为生态主导、能源主导、政府主导和科技主导四个类型，并为不同类型的创新型城市实现碳中和提出加大城市绿化建设和植树造林力度、调整产业结构和能源结构、发挥政府职能、构建绿色低碳技术创新应用体系的对策建议。     

建设创新型城市的思考

提高区域创新能力,建设创新型城市,是国内各中大城市的重要发展目标。创新型城市的内涵体现在思想观念创新、发展模式创新、机制体制创新、对外开放创新、企业管理创新和城市管理创新等诸多方面,而首要任务是科技创新。因此,优化科技创新环境,提高科技创新能力,对于建设创新型城市具有重要的意义。     

推动创新型城市建设的产业政策评析

通过对我国主要创新型城市产业政策的梳理和比较分析，认为创新型城市产业政策呈现出：支持产业技术联盟发展、重点产业定位特色显现、引入社会资本推进产业发展、从支持创新产品商业化的角度支持产业发展等亮点，并指出在制定产业政策时应注重将传统产业改造与发展战略新兴产业相结合、从创新要素的结合中寻求新的产业机会、促进产业集群的发展和升级、重视文化教育产业发展、营造良好的发展环境等问题。     

创新型城市建设的国内实践和基本模式研究

创新型城市探索促进了区域经济理论和城市科学的发展,也推动了城市、区域和国家创新体系的建立与完善。到目前为止国内至少有200个城市提出了建设创新型城市的构想和目标。创新型城市建设尚在探索之中,回顾创新型城市建设的历程,总结创新型城市建设几种模式和基本经验。     

"首届中国建设创新型城市市长峰会"将于7月15日在北京举行

由中国城市经济学会主办,北京方迪经济发展与企业战略研究所、中国城市经济杂志社、北京小丫传媒文化有限公司共同承办的“首届中国建设创新型城市市长峰会”将于7月15日在北京举行。本次峰会是我国提出建设创新型国家战略以来,城市高层领导共商创新型城市建设和创新型国家建设,共谋城市合作与发展大计的一次盛会。峰会将以“建设创新型城市,推进城市间合作”为主题,探索城市政府在营造创新环境、积聚创新要素、激发创新活力等典型城市和典型企业的经验及理论。将重点探讨“城市如何通过提高自主创新能力,打造城市品牌,提升城市竞争力”、“…     

激活城市创新 推动创新型城市建设

城市创新是城市的一项重要功能活动,也是建设创新型城市的具体途径,也就是说创新型城市的建设必须要在城市的各个职能领域开展大范围的创新,使新的发展理念、新的资源组合方式、新的城市管理模式、新的产业布局和新的企业生产方式成为城市运行中的显著特征。本文从城市创新出发,通过探讨城市创新的概念范围、城市创新和创新型城市建设的关系,着重阐述了我国创新型城市建设的内涵和途径,介绍了天津城市创新的新举措,总结了天津建设创新型城市的相关经验,探索了今后的发展方向。     

新《公司法》的创新制度安排

新<公司法>于2005年10月27日审议通过,修订后的<公司法>在公司设立和出资、鼓励公司自治、完善公司法人治理结构、保护公司交易安全、健全对股东尤其是中小股东利益保护机制、强化公司社会责任等方面做出重要修改和创新的制度安排.     

区域创新知识智能谈判平台的研究

创新知识在区域经济发展中发挥着非常重要的作用,因特网的迅速普及使得建立一个基于Web的区域创新知识市场成为可能。文章以区域内的医药行业为例,在前期研究的基础上,经过进一步的功能分析,设计了智能谈判平台的总体结构,改进了创新知识的分层机制,并对智能谈判规则的制定和策略的选取问题进行了重点研究。     

技术创新型人力资本持续创新力形成机制研究

企业竞争的成败取决于企业技术创新能力,技术创新能力已成为企业核心能力的源泉。作为企业技术创新行为主体的技术创新型人力资本的开发和管理已成为了制约我国企业技术创新的主要因素。文章探讨企业技术创新型人力资本持续创新力的形成机理,构建了企业技术创新型人力资本持续创新力形成机制。     

跨国公司R&D溢出、吸收能力与我国高技术产业创新绩效研究——以电子及通信产业为例

在研究跨国公司R&D溢出效应对我国高技术产业创新绩效的影响时，根据熊彼特创新理论体系构造C-D函数模型，对2003-2014年电子及通信设备制造业面板数据进行统计分析，实证结果显示，跨国公司R&D溢出效应对我国高技术产业的自主创新起到了良好的促进作用，但吸收能力不够突出。从高技术产业创新阶段来看，本土研发对创新阶段整体均有重要促进作用，人力资本仅在技术研发阶段有正向作用，贸易开放度仅在成果转化阶段有正向作用。根据本土研发活动的决定性贡献，结合人力资本和贸易开放度的辅助性贡献，对我国高技术产业如何吸收先进知识和技术并进行再创新有现实借鉴意义。     

论管理创新的基础和能力

从宏观层面看,管理创新的基础是社会生产活动。马克思的生产系统“三个梯度”的阐述为这一分析提供了科学逻辑依据。从历史和现实看,无论是“理论”的还是“作业”的创新,归根是由生产活动提供“基础”和“能力”,并且它总要返回到生产活动中被选择。     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

On the Major Transformation of the Asia-Pacific Regional Structure北大核心CSSCISSCI

Recent years have witnessedsignificant changes in the Asia-Pacific regionalstructure featuring the shift in power balance among related countries as well as adjust-ments in their respective regional strategies. So what is the prevailing trend in thistransformation and what kind of regional order will likely emerge in the future？ To an-swer these questions, the paper tries to explore the following dimensions： the evolvingregional context, shift in power balance and power conversion, geo-political and geo-e-conomic developments and interactions between them, and evolving regional order. Asthe study shows, the broadening of regional geographical scope, the rise in the numberof actors involved, as well as changesin the relations among them, have combined tocast a pluralistic and complex flavor to the regional structure. While the power balanceamong China, the United States and Japan shifts, and power conversion is also occur-ring. China and Japan are paying increasing attention to their security roles, whereasthe United States under the Obama administration laid more stress on expanding itsgeo-economic clout. In spite of the intensifying geopolitical competition among China,the United States and Japan in recent years, a Sino-US strategic compromise-whichholds the key to regional geopolitics-isother front, some kind of geo-economicmore likely to take place in the future. On thecooperation will probably emerge. In the longerterm, it will be the geo-economic trend thatwill prevail over the geopolitical trend inthe region. Finally, the future evolution of regional order wiI1 mainly follow the eco-nomic logic, accompanied by the dilutionof its hegemonic and hierarchical nature.Hence, a pluralistic and complex regional community will emerge.     

The German Hanse and Bergen – new perspectives on an old subject

Abstract

The Hanseatic League and her kontors (trading posts) were an integral part of the medieval trade system in Northern Europe. Hanse merchants dominated many markets in this region and managed to maintain a monopoly-like role in towns like Novgorod and Bergen for many centuries. Consequently, one focus of historical research about the Hanseatic League lay on the mechanisms that enabled the Hanse merchants to keep that strong of a position for such a long time.

This article is part of the discussion about this topic. Based on Lübeck merchants with business interest in the Norwegian town of Bergen, the so-called Bergenfahrers (Bergen travellers), it will give new insights into the Hansards' economical and social organization. The three main points are (a) the integration of the Bergen market in the Hanseatic trade network as an intermediary trading place on the vivid East–West route of Hanse trade; (b) the importance of the Bergenfahrers within the Hanse merchants' economical, social and political networks; and (c) the structure of the Bergenfahrers network patterns in the late Middle Ages.

In addition to new insights into the important role of Bergen and the Bergenfahrers within Lübeck's and the other Wendish Hanse towns' trading system, this articles provides further proof for the usefulness of the methods of Social Network Analysis in medieval economic research.     

Organization and incentives in the age of sail

The British Navy in the age of sail was the most successful bureaucracy of its time. Its organization and incentive structures differed importantly from contemporaneous private sailing ventures, but closely resembled those of today’s large corporations. To induce efficient effort, the navy used a hierarchical tournament, in which sailors competed for higher pay that came with promotions based on relative performance. Promotion probabilities, the option value of future promotions, and the higher effort required of men in higher ranks and on larger vessels, combined to yield a highly skewed pay structure.     

For Better or for Worse? Local Impacts of the Decentralization of Indonesia’s Forest Sector

This paper quantifies the local impacts of mechanized logging on forest-dependent communities in Indonesia, before and after decentralization. A conceptual framework incorporates financial, social, enforcement, rent-seeking, and environmental impacts. Using data from 60 communities in East Kalimantan, the empirical results suggest that significantly more households received financial and in-kind benefits after decentralization compared to before. Many communities engaged in self-enforcement activities against firms both before and after decentralization. Post-decentralization, a significantly higher proportion of households perceived community forest ownership. There were few significant differences in perceived environmental impacts. Little evidence exists of a post-decentralization trade-off between environmental and financial contractual provisions.