Disaster Resilience Through Public–Private Short‐Term Collaboration

While contingency planning may provide a perspective for anticipating critical incidents, supply chain managers must develop competencies to address the long‐term disruptions that stem from both natural and man‐made disasters. The broad‐reaching nature of disasters brings public and private entities together and often requires collaboration to revitalize disrupted supply chains. Leveraging supply chain governance logic through the dual lenses of resource management and competing values, a research framework is introduced to address the nature of public–private short‐term collaboration and its influence on supply chain resilience. The largely unstudied concept of short‐term collaboration is at the heart of a model focusing on the alignment and adjustment of potentially disparate organizational values (public/private) to establish collective responsiveness while facilitating the fulfillment of mutual goals for a single event and/or discrete repeat events. We offer research propositions pertaining to the model and conclude with a discussion of managerial implications and the dire need for future research.     

中低收入群体住房保障国际比较及启示

国外住房保障模式主要分为廉价实物配租和货币租金补贴两种模式。目前,我国在住房供给的模式上还存在很多问题,与国际相比,差异很大。应借鉴国外成功经验,健全廉租房制度保障模式,明确政府在住房保障建设中的主体地位,完善住房保障工作机制及法制法规建设,解决好中低收入群体住房的问题。     

Examining Antecedents to Supply Chain Security Effectiveness: An Exploratory Study

In recent years there has been increasing emphasis on managing risk and security in supply chains. Despite this emphasis, there have been relatively few empirical studies dealing with this issue. In an attempt to partially address this lack of empirical research, the primary purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between security management practices and the perceived effectiveness of supply chain security. With a resource‐based view of the firm and supply chain integration as theoretical underpinnings, the study utilized survey data to test propositions derived from the security literature. Internal and external integration efforts, a nodal planning focus, and proactive motivations related to security measures were found to be positively related to security effectiveness. The article concludes with implications for security stakeholders including suggestions for future research.     

An Empirical Taxonomy of Supply Chain Management Practices

We develop an empirical taxonomy of supply chain management (SCM) practices grounded in the capability‐based view. Three groups—transactional SCM, translational SCM, and relational SCM—were identified using cluster analysis of data collected from over 200 U.S. manufacturing firms. We explain the differences among these groups and their relationship to improvements in supplier and buyer performance. Finally, we discuss implications for research and practice in SCM.     

安全猪肉供应链管理研究

猪肉是我国居民消费的主要肉食品,猪肉质量安全关系百姓健康。大中型屠宰加工企业作为核心企业在安全猪肉供应链上对质量控制起主导作用,安全猪肉供应链质量管理重心在于对养猪户的质量控制,在各自追求利益最大化的动机驱使下,核心企业与养猪户之间展开博弈。本文在运用博弈论方法分析了核心企业与养猪户的博弈过程之后,提出了建立供应链成员之间的战略合作伙伴关系;加强猪肉质量安全可追溯体系建设,实现优质优价;加强质量监管和舆论监督,加大对生产加工不安全猪肉企业的处罚力度;加强对源头生猪的监督检查;扶优扶强,壮大优质屠宰加工企业等政策建议。     

A Breed Apart? Security Analysts and Herding Behavior

Herding behavior occurs when security analysts ignore their private opinions and issue public forecasts that mimic the earnings forecasts of others. Joining the consensus provides cover for analysts' reputations. We question the ethics of this practice when the motive to protect one's reputation takes precedence over the forecast accuracy motive. While seemingly predictable behavior from a self interested perspective, herding behavior has subtle but long term ramifications for the efficient pricing of securities and the preservation of the public trust in the financial services profession. We call upon each individual analyst as well as the profession to exercise the moral courage necessary to cultivate a climate of personal and public integrity. Personal resistance and pro-active policies are prescribed as actions to assist analysts to become more cognizant of their motivations, as well as to promote a more ethical professional context.     

Recognizing and Resolving Social Dilemmas in Supply Chain Public–Private Partnerships

The public–private partnership (PPP) is a popular strategy for creating global sustainable value. However, many PPPs struggle to realize their value‐added potential. Why do some public–private partnerships succeed while others fail, and how may those struggling succeed? Combining supply‐chain integration and social dilemma perspectives into the conversation of PPPs, we examine the dynamics and psychology of cooperation necessary for PPP success. Addressing the first part of our research question, we recognize three social dilemmas that can manifest while managing PPP supply chains: a give‐some dilemma, a take‐some dilemma, and a give‐or‐take‐some dilemma. To address the second part of our research question, we present a taxonomy of strategies resolving these PPP social dilemmas through the enhancement of trust, self‐efficacy, and social responsibility. We discuss implications for PPPs, supply‐chain, and social dilemma literatures.     

INTERORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIORS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

Exchanges among firms operating in supply chains are complex due to relational embeddedness, i.e., the extent to which relationships, rather than economic rationality, govern firm‐to‐firm interactions. For many years interfirm relationships were assumed to be best managed via coercive tactics. However, for the last two decades much attention has been given in the literature to more relational forms of governance, and recent supply chain research examining relationship nature, magnitude, and type implies the need for an alternative symbiotic explanation for supply chain relationship effectiveness. To address this void in the literature, this article introduces the concept of interorganizational citizenship behaviors (ICB's). Based on a review of literature from multiple business domains, common types of ICB's are identified, and research hypotheses are developed and tested. Future research initiatives and implications for supply chain management practice are also provided.     

供应链信息安全现状及体系框架研究

本文研究了我国供应链目前普遍存在的信息安全问题,如:企业员工的信息安全意识淡薄;信息安全管理有章不循现象普遍;缺乏统一的信息安全战略规划和防范机制;合作企业间存在逆向选择风险和各种败德行为等。针对上述问题,参考众多企业积累的经验,吸取了供应链信息安全领域的最新理论研究成果,提出了供应链信息安全体系框架。该框架由信息安全治理、信息安全管理、基础安全服务和架构、第三方信息安全服务与认证机构和供应链信息安全技术标准体系五个部分构成。在具体运用中从供应链整体业务需求出发,参照供应链信息安全体系框架,通过评估和风险分析等方法,定义供应链及其节点企业安全需求,并最终确定供应链信息安全建设的内容和方向。     

TMT Departures and Post‐IPO Outside Director Additions: Implications for Young IPO Firms’ Survival and Performance

We draw on resource‐based logic to argue that relatively stable TMTs and boards are beneficial for young IPO firms because of the need to maintain and develop valuable firm‐specific capabilities and psychological attachment of pre‐IPO TMTs. Using panel data from 272 young IPO firms, we find that pre‐IPO TMT member exits negatively affect young IPO firms’ survival and performance. This negative effect is greater when more post‐IPO outside directors are added. We also find that the above interaction is positively and negatively associated with survival and performance when TMT ownership declines substantially and when firms have a founder CEO, respectively.     

供应链不确定性与安全库存研究

供应链不确定性的存在不可完全避免。解决供应链上不确定性的主要立足点是:在供应链系统集成的基础上设置必要的安全库存。在这个解决方案的指导下,通过对供应链及其目标和供应链库存管理目标的了解,找出供应链不确定性产生的原因及其与安全库存之间的关系,再通过模型对在供应链系统集成基础上的安全库存进行具体研究,从而得出研究结论。     

Mitigating the Myopia of Dominant Logics: On Differential Performance and Strategic Supply Chain Research

The primary question of management scholarship is, “What leads some firms to be successful even as others fail?” Over the years, a variety of dominant logics have emerged to inform this question. Synthesized, these logics make it clear that companies win when they create customer value better than the competition and efficiently enough to be profitable. That is, firms that design distinctive and dynamic value‐added systems win competitive battles. This observation is salient to the Journal of Business Logistics community as systems design and value creation are focal decision areas of supply chain management. With this in mind, we briefly discuss two of many areas for which strategic supply chain research can inform differential performance.     

Reaching customers at the base of the pyramid—a two‐stage business strategy

Two‐thirds of the world's population make less than $2,000 a year. There is increasing attention paid to how private firms can play a role in improving the quality of life of people at the bottom of the economic pyramid in ways that are mutually beneficial. But despite the promise of mutual benefit, many firms have not been able to serve very poor customers profitably. In this article, we present a two‐stage business strategy that will help firms to serve customers at the base of the pyramid. We suggest that in the first stage, firms need a deep cost management strategy, involving a focus on core customer value, and holistic operations reengineering. In the second stage, we suggest that firms need to consider a deep benefit management strategy, involving value reengineering, partnering for excellence, and creating inclusive channels. We support our ideas with examples of successful and unsuccessful cases of firms that have tried to serve the poor. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Distance to Customers,Absorptive Capacity,and Innovation in High‐Tech Firms: The Dark Face of Geographical Proximity

This paper investigates the impact of both geographical and relational proximity on the innovative performance of the firm. We address the role of one firm characteristic—its absorptive capacity—as a specific contingency affecting the relationship between different proximities and innovation. Using data from 158 high‐tech firms located in the Tiburtina Valley in Italy, we studied the relationship between these firms and their key customers. Our findings support the need to downplay the role of geographical proximity in promoting innovation. Our results also show that relational proximity to key customers has a complementary relationship with absorptive capacity, which positively moderates its influence on innovative performance.     

国际物流供应链安全政策法律体系研究

经过近十年的努力和完善,世界海关组织、国际海事组织、国际标准组织、货物资产保护协会等国际组织以及包括美国、欧盟和我国在内的全球主要贸易国及地区分别针对加强海上货物运输供应链的安全保护开展了新一轮立法和规范,国际物流供应链安全规范性法律体系建设已日臻完善。推进全球物流供应链安全一体化的的政策策略,建立物联网下视频识别技术智能化供应链的安全规范以及推进食品等特殊商品领域的国际物流供应链安全保护应当成为国际物流供应链安全政策法律的发展方向。     

Network Characteristics and Firm Performance: An Examination of the Relationships in the Context of a Cluster

The study examined the impact of spatial relationships on firm performance. It also assessed the impacts of network structural and relational characteristics on performance, as well as the moderating effects of these variables on the spatial relationship to performance linkages. The sample comprised 252 firms located in a mold industry cluster in the Zhejiang province of China. Both in‐cluster ties and extra‐cluster ties positively impacted performance. However, the effects of distant ties were more pronounced. Tie stability had a positive effect whereas tie quality had a negative effect on performance. Network centrality, tie strength, and tie stability strengthened the relationship between in‐cluster ties and performance. By contrast, all network tie characteristics weakened and changed the form of the relationship between extra‐cluster ties and performance. The findings suggest the need for cluster firms to consciously cultivate distant linkages in their network ties in order to neutralize the tendencies for lock‐in and to arrest entropic deterioration in their respective clusters.     

Quantifying Sources of Risk in Global Food Operations and Supply Chain

The food industry plays a significant role in food supply. However, it is increasingly facing a significant number of risks to tackle. This article provides insight into sources and quantification of risk, which can restrict food operations and supply chain performance. Certainly, risks imposed by today's constantly changing global environment makes it imperative for food and agribusiness firms to develop purposeful proactive and predictive risk management for their global supply chains. We proposed the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) model to analyze sources of risks attached to the focal firm's global food operations and supply chain. The identified risks were from a review of relevant literature, expert opinions from the focal firm supply chain C‐level executive, and consultants in the food industry. We grouped the identified risks into seven categories and discussed the risk mitigation strategies. We validated the proposed model using a case study involving a focal food and agribusiness firm with global presence. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Supply Chain Collaboration,Integration, and Relational Technology: How Complex Operant Resources Increase Performance Outcomes

How firms coordinate efforts to collectively compete as supply chains is a key concern of supply chain management scholars and practitioners. One avenue, the development of collaborative relational capabilities that support supply chain integration, offers promise. However, the effectiveness of collaboration as a supply chain resource has been questioned due to concerns associated with collaborative technologies, and thus prior research has called for a deeper examination of the role that technologies play in facilitating integration. Employing a Service‐Dominant Logic view of hierarchical resources, grounded in Resource Advantage Theory, this research tests a model subsuming relationships between collaboration, integration, and interfirm coordination technologies, and their associated performance outcomes. A sample of 282 supply chain managers from a variety of industries were surveyed, with proposed relationships examined employing structural equation modeling. Test results indicate that collaboration and integration interact to form higher order resources that collectively influence firm performance outcomes through interfirm coordination technologies.     

Relational and Process Multiplexity in Vertical Supply Chain Triads: An Exploration in the U.S. Restaurant Industry

Both supply chain relationships and process connections between organizational units have been studied in business research, to enhance the understanding of supply chain integration, and to explore the differential outcomes of both types of connections for business and functional performance. However, the extant research remains deficient in two ways: within individual studies, researchers have operationalized supply chain connectivity unidimensionally, with the concept of connectivity constrained to either social relations or operational/process ties while disregarding the other viewpoint. Additionally, researchers have persistently designed studies to evaluate dyadic structures, while foregoing the larger, more intricate structures representative of complex supply chains. We address these issues by modeling supply chain connectivity as having multiple relational‐ and process‐based threads comprising linkages, and by empirically testing a set of theorized relationships describing vertical triadic supply chain networks (manufacturer, broker, retailer) within the U.S. restaurant industry. We find that increased supply chain connectivity improves chain performance, but this improvement is more directly attributable to process‐based linkages than relational linkages, which impact performance only through the process mediator variable, suggesting that current theories of interorganizational relationalism may lack complete conceptualization. Implications of these findings for managers and the academy are highlighted, and areas of follow‐on research are discussed.     

THE ROLE OF SECURITY IN THE FOOD SUPPLIER SELECTION DECISION

This research assesses whether, and under what conditions, firms are willing to trade off price and delivery reliability for greater supplier security. Specifically, international sourcing and concern over security incidents occurring at the respondent's firm are proposed as conditions that may increase demand for supplier security. This research suggests to managers the trade offs their customers may be willing to accept for increased security. The results are useful for firms evaluating whether they should invest in supply chain security measures. Results provide academic insight into the relative importance of security as a supplier selection criterion.