诉讼清收中诉讼主体确定及其责任承担

诉讼清收是商业银行清收不良贷款的重要手段。在决定对清收对象提起诉讼前,正确确定诉讼主体,即以谁为适格被告,对于提高诉讼清收效果十分重要。     

高额税费:商业银行接收处置抵贷资产中的困惑

目前,以资抵贷作为一种清收不良贷款的方式越来越受商业银行所重视,然而,近年来,受高税费因素的影响,商业银行通过以资抵贷清收不良贷款受到很大制约.本文对某市商业银行接收处置抵贷资产过程中缴纳税费情况进行了详细剖析,分析其在接收处置抵贷资产中缴纳相关税费存在多、高、不合理等方面的问题,并提出减免相关税费等建议.     

刍议货款重组

近年来，贷款重组与诉讼清收、以物抵债和损失核销一起，成为国内外商业银行处置化解不良贷款的重要方式。人行曾在《贷款风险分类指导原则》(1998试行)十二条提出，商业银行要制定明确的贷款重组政策和程序，对需要重组贷款的标准、贷款重组的方式、程序、重组后贷款的管理作出明确、合理的规定。后来的     

刍议贷款重组

一、贷款重组的基本概念 近年来,贷款重组与诉讼清收、以物抵债和损失核销一起,成为国内外商业银行处置化解不良贷款的重要方式。人行曾在《贷款风险分类指导原则》(1998试行)十二条提出,商业银行要制定明确的贷款重组政策和程序,对需要重组贷款的标准、贷款重组的方式、程序、重组后贷款的管理作出明确、合理的规定。后来的《商业银行信息披露暂行办法》(2003)则要求把贷款重组信息纳入     

高额税费:商业银行接收处置抵贷资产中的困惑

目前,以资抵贷作为一种清收不良贷款的方式越来越受商业银行所重视,然而,近年来,受高税费因素的影响,商业银行通过以资抵贷清收不良贷款受到很大制约。本文对某市商业银行接收处置抵贷资产过程中缴纳税费情况进行了详细剖析,分析其在接收处置抵贷资产中缴纳相关税费存在多、高、不合理等方面的问题,并提出减免相关税费等建议。     

新常态下商业银行不良贷款处置问题研究

文章总结了国外处置商业银行不良贷款的经验做法以及我国商业银行不良贷款情况及处置措施,分析了我国商业银行不良货款化解处置存在债务承接落实难度大、司法清收总体收效小、核销处置主动意愿低、传统处置方式的处置成本较大、资产管理公司买方垄断地位增加成交难度、向社会投资者转让不良贷款的司法实践不统一等困难及问题,提出了通过构建良好的法律环境、建立良好的资产管理公司运作模式、加强经济下行形势下信用环境的建设等措施加快我国商业银行不良贷款处置的建议.     

商业银行被动接受以资抵债的风险分析

随着商业银行清收不良贷款力度的进一步加大,抵债资产处置已成为商业银行收回债权的主要途径。但是,由于目前我国法律规定和银行实务操作存在较大差距,并且法院执行方式、资产评估方式、拍卖市场环境、信用环境等方面的制度尚不健全,银行被动接受以资抵债的风险日益显现。论文将对诉讼过程中和抵债资产接收后的风险作详尽探讨,并就商业银行加强以资抵债风险防范、减少资产损失提出相关建议。     

银行刚性清收不良贷款的负面效应不容忽视

近两年来,人民银行加大了对商业银行化解不良贷款风险的监管力度,各商业银行也相继出台了压缩不良贷款的目标考核办法,在系统内推行清收化解不良贷款的政策.人行对商业银行,商业银行上级行对下级行逐级签订压缩不良贷款责任书,把压缩不良贷款当做一项政治任务,与行政职务考核挂钩,与绩效工资考核挂钩.这种"刚性"政策在清收不良贷款工作中发挥积极作用的同时,对基层商业银行的经营也产生了一些负面效应:     

商业银行以资抵债风险分析

随着商业银行清收不良贷款力度的进一步加大，抵债资产处置已成为商业银行收回债权的主要途径。当前，由于我国房地产市场、拍卖市场、法院执行方式等方面的制度尚不够健全，抵债资产处置过程中的风险日益显现，本文拟对抵债资产取得、处置过程中存在的种种风险及防范作些探讨．     

银行运用公告催收逾贷的法律适用

由于各种原因,商业银行每年均有一定数量的到期贷款收不回来,加上历史形成的呆坏账,银行回收不良贷款的压力非常大.如何有效的将逾期贷款收回来成为商业银行经营管理的一个重要环节,几年来,各类商业银行为此下了很大工夫,取得了一定成效.在银行清收呆坏账的过程中,运用公告催收的方式清收不良贷款受到了重视.     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.