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1.
David C. Bauman 《Journal of Business Ethics》2011,98(2):281-295
Leading a corporation through a crisis requires rational decision making guided by an ethical approach (Snyder et al., Journal
of Business Ethics, 63, 2006, 371). Three such approaches are virtue ethics (Seeger and Ulmer, Journal of Business Ethics, 31, 2001, 369), an ethic of justice, and an ethic of care (Simola, Journal of Business Ethics, 46, 2003, 351). In this article, I consider the effectiveness of these approaches for leading a corporation after a crisis. The standard
I use is drawn from recent studies that examine how people tend to react to corporate unintentional harms. I conclude from
these studies that an ethic of care approach is most effective for managing corporate crises when it comes to stakeholder
concerns. I conclude the article with strategies for managing a crisis using an ethic of care. 相似文献
2.
This study examines two recent cases of ethical responses to crisis management; the 1995 fire at Malden Mills and Aaron Feuerstein's response, and a 1998 fire at Cole Hardwoods, followed by the response of CEO Milt Cole. The authors describe these crises, the responses of Feuerstein and Cole, their motivations and the impact on crisis stakeholders using the principles of virtue ethics and effective crisis management. What emerges is set of post-crisis virtues grounded in values of corporate social responsibility and entrepreneurial ethics. These include virtues of immediacy of response, supportiveness of victims, and rebuilding and renewal. 相似文献
3.
Originally delivered at a conference of Marxist philosophers in China, this article examines some links, and some tensions,
between business ethics and the traditional concerns of Marxism. After discussing the emergence of business ethics as an academic
discipline, it explores and attempts to answer two Marxist objections that might be brought against the enterprise of business
ethics. The first is that business ethics is impossible because capitalism itself tends to produce greedy, overreaching, and
unethical business behavior. The second is that business ethics is irrelevant because focusing on the moral or immoral conduct
of individual firms or businesspeople distracts one’s attention from the systemic vices of capitalism. I argue, to the contrary,
that, far from being impossible, business requires and indeed presupposes ethics and that for those who share Marx’s hope
for a better society, nothing could be more relevant than engaging the debate over corporate social responsibility. In line
with this, the article concludes by sketching some considerations favoring corporations’ adopting a broader view of their
social and moral responsibilities, one that encompasses more than the pursuit of profit. 相似文献
4.
Starting from MacIntyre’s virtue ethics, we investigate several codes of conduct of banks to identify the type of virtues
that are needed to realize their mission. Based on this analysis, we define three core virtues: honesty, due care, and accuracy.
We compare and contrast these codes of conduct with the actual behavior of banks that led to the credit crisis and find that
in some cases banks did not behave according to the moral standards they set themselves. However, although banks and the professionals
working in them can be blamed for what they did, one should also acknowledge that the institutional context of the free market
economy in which they operated made it difficult to live up to the core values lying at the basis of the codes of conduct.
Given the neo-liberal free market system, innovative and risky strategies to enhance profits are considered desirable for
the sake of shareholder’s interests. A return to the core virtues in the financial sector will therefore only succeed if a
renewed sense of responsibility in the sector is supported by institutional changes that allow banks to put their mission
into practice. 相似文献
5.
Jeanne Liedtka 《Journal of Business Ethics》2008,80(2):237-248
Recent work in the business ethics field has called attention to the promise inherent in the concept of authenticity for enriching
the ways we think about core issues at the intersection of management ethics and practice, like moral character, ethical choices,
leadership, and corporate social responsibility [Driver, 2006; Jackson, 2005; Ladkin, 2006]. In this paper, I aim to extend
these contributions by focusing on authenticity in relation to a set of organizational processes related to strategy making;
most specifically an organization’s strategic intent, arguing that these provide an ideal venue for particularising this exploration,
as they represent the key processes through which an organization defines the self it aspires to be. In order to do this,
I examine specifically what a shift from “business as usual” to the search for the creation of a more authentic corporate
self might look like in practice, contending that such a shift offers the possibility for improving both the moral good and
the business outcomes of an institution simultaneously. I conclude with assessment of the risks inherent in undertaking such
a search for more authentic strategic intention in business organizations today. 相似文献
6.
Edwin M. Hartman 《Journal of Business Ethics》2008,78(3):313-328
To teach that being ethical requires knowing foundational ethical principles – or, as Socrates claimed, airtight definitions
of ethical terms – is to invite cynicism among students, for students discover that no such principles can be found. Aristotle
differs from Socrates in claiming that ethics is about virtues primarily, and that one can be virtuous without having the
sort of knowledge that characterizes mathematics or natural science. Aristotle is able to demonstrate that ethics and self-interest
may overlap, that ethics is largely compatible with common sense, and that Aristotle’s virtuous person can make ethical decisions
rationally. Case studies can help students improve their ethical perception and keep their values from being overwhelmed by
corporate culture.
Edwin M. Hartman is the Peter Schoernfeld Visiting Faculty Fellow at the Stern School of New York University. He has degrees
from Haverford, Oxford, and Wharton, and a PhD from Princeton. Hartman’s most recent book is Organizational Ethics and the
Good Life (Oxford). 相似文献
7.
Peter Snyder Molly Hall Joline Robertson Tomasz Jasinski Janice S. Miller 《Journal of Business Ethics》2006,63(4):371-383
In this paper, we present an ethical and strategic approach to managing organizational crises. The proposed crisis management
model (1) offers a new approach to guide an organization’s strategic and ethical response to crisis, and (2) provides a two-by-two
framework for classifying organizational crises. The ethically rational approach to crisis draws upon strategic rationality,
crisis, and ethics literature to understand and address organizational crises. Recent examples of corporate crises are employed
to illustrate the theoretical claims advanced. Finally, the paper provides guidelines for a morally optimal outcome for the
organization and its stakeholders.
Peter Snyder is a Ph.D. student in Organizations and Strategic Management at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. His research
interests include strategy making and corporate governance.
Molly Hall is an attorney who practices international and environmental law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. She teaches adjunct courses
in business ethics, environmental policy, and the European Union.
Joline Robertson is a Ph.D. candidate in Organizations and Strategic Management at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee.
Her research interests include international business.
Tomasz Jasinski is a Ph.D. student in Organizations and Strategic Management at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. His
research interests include strategic alliances.
Janice S. Miller received her Ph.D. from Arizona State Univerity in Business Administration with a concentration in Human
Resource management. She has been on the faculty at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee UWM since 1996 and has served as
the Associate Dean for Academic Programs in the School of Business Administration since 2002. Dr. Miller’s primary research
interests include performance management, compensation and ethical issues in organizations. 相似文献
8.
In the wake of recent corporate scandals, this paper examines the claim made by John Boatright that business ethics, as it
is currently conceived, “rests on a mistake.” Ethics in business should not be achieved through managerial vision, discretion
or responsibility; rather, ethics should shape the design of institutions that regulate business from the outside. What ethicists
should advocate for, according to Boatright, are moral markets not moral managers. I explore the empirical and normative dimensions of his claim with special attention paid to the extent to which Boatright’s
development of the economic theory of the firm supports his position. I conclude by suggesting some reasons why moral markets
and moral management are compatible frameworks for corporate reform. 相似文献
9.
Sheldene Simola 《Journal of Business Ethics》2003,46(4):351-361
Despite the importance of ethics in corporate crisis management, they have received limited attention in the academic literature. This article contributes to the evolving conversation on ethics in crisis management by elucidating the ethics of "justice" and "care" and distinguishing between them. Examples of the two approaches are offered through consideration of cases in corporate crisis management, including the alleged glass contamination case faced by Gerber Products Company, and, the shooting tragedy at San Ysidro faced by McDonald's Corporation. It is argued that both an ethic of justice and an ethic of care can be appropriate approaches in corporate crisis management. Areas for future research are discussed. 相似文献
10.
Sheldene K. Simola 《Journal of Business Ethics》2007,74(2):131-147
Recent conceptualizations of sustainable global development have reflected societal concerns not only with environmental stewardship,
but also with social amelioration. However, the tripartite goals of corporate profitability, environmental protection, and
social responsiveness are unlikely to be achieved through conventional models of globalization. The emergent approach known
as sustainable global enterprise provides a promising strategic alternate, but requires the development of “native capability”
[Hart, S. L.: 2005, Capitalism at the Crossroads: The Unlimited Business Opportunities In Solving the World’s Most Difficult Problems. (Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Wharton School Publishing, Upper Saddle River, NJ)] that comprises specific relational
competencies not typically required by traditional transnational models. This article demonstrates the usefulness of an ethic
of care for enhancing understanding of the competencies comprising native capability, and, provides practical insights from
a care approach on the development of those skills.
Sheldene Simola completed a Ph.D. in psychology at Queens University at Kingston, and is currently completing a second Ph.D.
in management and organizational behaviour in the School of Business and Economics at Wilfrid Laurier. Research interests
include business ethics, leadership, and, corporate crisis management. 相似文献
11.
Applying evidence from recently available public information on Enron, I defined Enron’s culture as one rooted in agency theory
by asserting that Enron’s members were predominantly agency-reasoning individuals. I then identified conditions present at
Enron’s collapse: a strong agency culture with collectively non-compliant norms, a munificent rare-failure environment, and
new hires with little business ethics training. Turning to four possible antidotes (selection, objectivist integrity, integrity
capacity, and stewardship reasoning) to an agency culture under these conditions, I argued that the currently available ethics
literature would have made little difference toward averting Enron’s collapse if any of the recommendations from the relevant
ethics literature had been implemented. I conclude by identifying new directions for business ethics literature in order to
make it more implementable under the conditions identified at Enron. Essentially, we need a way to clearly determine (1) the
difference between connivance and commitment, (2) what is meant by balance with regard to the multiple dimensions of ethics
and legal theories, and (3) the proper balance between agency and stewardship reasoning.
Brian E. Kulik is a Ph.D. candidate in Management at Washington State University’s School of Business. His work focuses on
the prevention of corporate corruption, corporate governance and ethics, teamwork and diversity, and research methods. His
research to date has appeared in the Western and National Academy of Management conference proceedings and the journal Organizational
Analysis. He earned M.S. degrees from Washington State University and The University of Cincinnati, and M.B.A. from The University
of Denver. 相似文献
12.
Aditi Gowri 《Journal of Business Ethics》2007,70(4):391-400
This paper considers the question of virtues appropriate to a corporate actor’s moral character. A model of corporate appetites
is developed by analogy with animal appetites; and the pursuit of initially virtuous corporate tendencies to an extreme degree
is shown to be morally perilous. The author thus refutes a previous argument which suggested that (1) corporate virtues, unlike
human virtues, need not be located on an Aristotelian mean between opposite undesirable extremes because (2) corporations
do not have appetites; and (3) corporate virtues must serve the end of sustainable profit. If these disanalogies between corporate
and human virtue no longer hold, then the stage is set for us to formulate a more adequate model of good corporate character
that would encompass other-regarding virtues. 相似文献
13.
David Dawson 《Journal of Business Ethics》2005,58(1-3):37-49
The use of narrative to communicate and convey particular points of view in society has increasingly become the focus of academic
attention in recent years. In particular, MacIntyre. (1985, 1988, 1990, 1999) has paid attention to the role of narrative
in the conflict between different traditions when developing his virtue approach to ethics. Whilst there has been continued
debate about the application of virtue approaches, some arguing that it is incompatible with business, I disagree and have
already argued for a form of virtue that will focus business on society’s needs rather than better business itself. Here I
continue to develop the argument in two ways. First, I will explore the predominant business narrative and offer some comment
on the ‘virtues’ that it promotes. However, rather than accepting this narrative, I want to challenge it with a narrative
from the environmental tradition. I consider how adopting the virtues promoted by an environmental narrative it would shape
business practices and challenge current business conventions. As a second step, I will focus on how we can change managers’
perceptions of business to reflect these environmentally based virtues. 相似文献
14.
James A. Stieb 《Journal of Business Ethics》2006,63(1):75-87
This paper seeks to analyze and to motivate a trend toward virtue ethics and away from deontology in the business ethics account
of organizational loyalty. Prevailing authors appeal to “transcendent” values (deontology), skepticism (there is no loyalty),
or Aristotelianism (loyalty is seeking mutual self-interest). I argue that the “Aristotelian” view clears up the “egoist”
difficulty with loyalty. Briefly, critics feel we must “transcend,” “replace,” “overcome” and most especially sacrifice self-interest on the altar of ethics and loyalty. I argue that few things can be more ethical than loyalty to shared values.
When a company and I both pursue the same value X, there becomes no difference between my seeking my best interest and my
seeking the best interest of the company (and vice versa). Hence, the way out of the egoist difficulty with loyalty is seeing
a company’s interests as my own (Aristotle’s third stage of friendship). 相似文献
15.
Ethical corporate marketing—as an organisational-wide philosophy—transcends the domains of corporate social responsibility,
business ethics, stakeholder theory and corporate marketing. This being said, ethical corporate marketing represents a logical
development vis-a-vis the nascent domain of corporate marketing has an explicit ethical/CSR dimension and extends stakeholder
theory by taking account of an institution’s past, present and (prospective) future stakeholders. In our article, we discuss,
scrutinise and elaborate the notion of ethical corporate marketing. We argue that an ethical corporate marketing positioning
is a prerequisite for corporations which claim to have an authentic ethical corporate identity. Our article expands and integrates
extant scholarship vis-a-vis ethical corporate identities, the sustainable entrepreneur and corporate marketing. In delineating
the breadth, significance, and challenges of ethical corporate marketing we make reference to the BP Deepwater Horizon (Gulf
of Mexico) catastrophe of 2010. 相似文献
16.
This article proposes and empirically tests a theoretical framework incorporating Reidenbach and Robin’s (J Bus Ethics 10(4):273–284,
1991) conceptual model of corporate moral development. The framework is used to examine the relation between governance and business
ethics, as proxied by diversity management (DM), and financial reporting quality, as proxied by the magnitude of earnings
management (EM). The level of DM and governance quality are measured in accordance with the ratings of Jantzi Research (JR),
a leading provider of social and governance research for institutional investors. This DM score is part of an index developed
by JR that investment managers use to integrate DM criteria into their investment decisions. As expected, a negative relation
between corporate DM development and financial reporting quality is found while controlling for other factors known in the
literatures on governance and accounting choices to affect earnings quality. Despite some caveats presented in conclusion,
this study contributes to the ethics, governance, and financial reporting literatures by studying the dynamics between governance
and ethics in the prevention of EM. 相似文献
17.
In this article, we empirically assess the impact of corporate ethical identity (CEI) on a firm’s financial performance. Drawing
on formulations of normative and instrumental stakeholder theory, we argue that firms with a strong ethical identity achieve
a greater degree of stakeholder satisfaction (SS), which, in turn, positively influences a firm’s financial performance. We
analyze two dimensions of the CEI of firms: corporate revealed ethics and corporate applied ethics. Our results indicate that revealed ethics has informational worth and enhances shareholder value, whereas applied ethics
has a positive impact through the improvement of SS. However, revealed ethics by itself (i.e. decoupled from ethical initiatives)
is not sufficient to boost economic performance.
Pascual Berrone is a PhD candidate of the Business Administration and Quantitative Methods Ph.D. program at the Universidad
Carlos III de Madrid. His current research interests focus on business ethics, stakeholder theory, and various aspects of
the interface between corporate governance mechanisms and corporate social responsibility. His interests also include ethical,
environmental and social issues and their impact on firms' overall performance.
Dr. Jordi Surroca is an Assistant Professor of Management at the Department of Business Administration at the Universidad
Carlos III de Madrid. He holds a PhD in Business Administration and a Licentiate Degree in Business and Economics from Universitat
Autònoma de Barcelona. His research interests center on stakeholder management, firm strategy, innovation, and corporate governance.
Dr. Josep A. Tribó is Associate Professor of Finance in the Department of Business Administration at the Universidad Carlos
III de Madrid. He has a PhD in Economic Analysis from the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and a Licenciate Degree in Theoretical
Physics by Universitat de Barcelona. His research interests are Corporate Finance and the financing of R&D. His work has been
published in journals such as Applied Economics, International Journal of Production Economics. 相似文献
18.
Jang B. Singh 《Journal of Business Ethics》2011,101(3):385-395
Recent figures reported by KPMG confirm the growing prevalence of corporate codes of ethics globally. Svensson et al. (Bus
Ethics 18:389–407, 2009) in surveys of the largest corporations in Australia, Canada, and Sweden found a similar trend. The increased prevalence
of corporate codes of ethics has been accompanied by heightened research interest in various aspects of these documents, e.g.,
the contents and focus of the codes. However, there is a paucity of research examining the effectiveness of these documents
and the organizational infrastructure that accompany them. This study, based on a survey of Canada’s largest corporations,
sought to empirically assess the determinants of the effectiveness of corporate codes of ethics by regressing managers’ perceptions
of code effectiveness against various elements of ethics programs. It was found that, in a statistically significant model,
eighteen independent variables explain 58.5% of the variance in the perceived effectiveness of corporate codes of ethics. 相似文献
19.
Esther Roca 《Journal of Business Ethics》2008,82(3):607-620
This article echoes those voices that demand new approaches and ‹senses’ for management education and business programs. Much
of the article is focused on showing that the polemic about the educative model of business schools has moral and epistemological
foundations and opens up the debate over the type of knowledge that practitioners need to possess in order to manage organizations,
and how this knowledge can be taught in management programs. The article attempts to highlight the moral dimension of management
through a reinterpretation of the Aristotelian concept of practical wisdom. I defend the ideas that management is never morally
neutral and that Aristotelian practical wisdom allows the recovery of moral considerations in management practice. I analyze
the impact and implications that the introduction of practical wisdom in business schools entails for the conception and objectives
of management education. This view reconfigures management education in terms of attention to values, virtues and context.
Therefore, management programmes should prepare students to critically evaluate what they hear and to make decisions coherent
with their values and virtues. In the final section, I reflect on the pedagogical implications of this approach. I point out
that an integrated model of ethics and practical wisdom promotes education of cognition and education of affect as well. I
provide an example to illustrate my perspective and to support my conclusions. 相似文献
20.
This article explores the influence that an organisation’s corporate values have on employees’ behaviour and values both within
and outside the work environment. In particular, it focuses on the impact of these values on the personal buying behaviour
of employees. The empirical research was undertaken within a case study organisation that produces wine in Spain and involved
interviews with senior management, an analysis of company documentation, as well as group discussions with employees supported
by an employee survey. The article argues that an organisation’s corporate values influence not only its employees’ behaviour
within the work environment, but also impacts on their global values system outside of the work environment. In particular,
this was evident within the employees’ buying behaviour practices in relation to supplier loyalty and environmental concern.
This has implications for business ethics as an organisation’s value system may go beyond the purely business context. Organisations
need to be aware of their impact on employees’ behaviour outside of the work environment; this is particularly the case for
multinational companies working across many cultures. 相似文献