内蒙古公共文化服务设施空间分布及影响因素

运用数理统计、平均最近邻指数、核密度估计、地理探测器手段探究内蒙古公共文化服务设施的空间分布与影响因素。研究表明,不论从绝对数量还是从相对数量角度看,各盟市公共文化服务设施空间分布不均衡;从等级角度看,在数量规模上占比由小到大,在质量规模上呈“倒金字塔”形分布格局;空间分布呈集聚类型,空间布局呈“一极突出,多点散发”特征;经济发展、教育程度、人口规模、文化氛围等因素共同作用,影响了空间分布;各驱动因素交互作用发挥了更为显著的影响力。     

基于POI数据的山东省酒店空间布局特征及影响因素研究

利用山东省31 302条酒店PIO数据,借助ArcGIS10.7软件揭示山东省酒店空间布局特征及影响因素。研究结果显示,山东省酒店呈现集聚分布,且呈现“济南、青岛两中心大集聚、其他地市中心城区高度集聚”和由市中心向外围扩散的空间分布格局;各地市之间分布差异较大,各区县分布不均衡;影响山东省酒店分布的关键因素为人口数量、一般公共预算收入、人均可支配收入、A级旅游景区的数量,人均GDP对酒店分布的影响不大。     

山西省康养旅游地空间布局及其优化研究

以山西省172处康养旅游地为样本数据,借助平均最近邻指数、核密度等空间分析工具和地理集中指数、基尼系数等数理模型探究康养旅游地的空间集散特征、均衡度及影响因素。研究发现：山西省康养旅游地呈现“大分散、小集聚”的“L”形空间架构;不同类型康养旅游地的数量特征、空间结构及作用因素具有显著差异性;资源禀赋奠定了康养旅游地“南密北疏”的基本格局,交通条件则起导向作用。为此提出优化建议：依托核心圈轴辐射其他区域,构建全域康养新格局;各地市发挥特色优势,实现区域康养差异化、品牌化;加强地域资源优化整合,实现康养旅游地创新联动发展。     

赣州市特色民宿空间分布及发展对策研究

运用地理集中度、最邻近指数（NNI）、核密度、标准差椭圆等定量方法,研究了赣州市特色民宿的均衡程度、空间集聚程度和分布类型。结果表明：①赣州市特色民宿的数量主要集中在章贡、南康、赣县三大区域,其总数为594家,占赣州市特色民宿的52.8%。②地理集中度指数为46.615 5,平均指数为23.570 2,证明赣州市特色民宿的分布很不均衡。③赣州市特色民宿的最邻近指数为0.284 4,其值远小于1,说明空间集聚特征总体很明显;而大余县特色民宿最邻近指数为3.368,呈离散分布。④基于核密度分析,将赣州市特色民宿划分为5类,即核密度最高的较大区域为章贡区,核密度次高的区域为章贡区行政中心向外扩展,核密度较低的大区域为赣县区,核密度较低的小区域为兴国县、宁都县、石城县、于都县、瑞金市、会昌县、南康区、上犹县、大余县、信丰县、全南县和寻乌县,核密度更低的小区域是安远县和龙南市,核密度值最低的是崇义县和定南县。⑤赣州市特色民宿分布与旅游资源分布的主导方向相一致,特色民宿的扩展方向与旅游资源非常吻合。最后根据结论提出相应的发展对策。     

基于POI数据的乌鲁木齐市休闲场所布局研究

随着社会发展与生活水平的提高,休闲已经成为人们日常生活中重要的组成部分。以乌鲁木齐市为研究区,依据定义的休闲类POI数据,通过核密度分析技术、最近邻指数等衡量研究区休闲类地理实体的空间分布特征以及关联情况。结果表明:休闲类POI整体呈现集聚的状态,生活休息类POI的集聚效应最强,观光休闲类POI的集聚效应最弱,相对比较分散;各类POI的NNI指数与其数量没有直接的联系,造成其NNI值过小的主要原因是POI集中分布在城市中心区域;依据核密度指数,休闲类POI呈现一种"大中心多分散"的分布格局;生活服务类POI的分布特征最接近整体,观光休闲类POI的空间分布呈现一种"多中心"的态势。     

山东省高级别景区空间分布特征及其影响因素

为了解山东省3A级及以上旅游景区的空间分布，以山东省957家3A级及以上景区为研究对象，利用ArcGIS10.8软件的空间分析功能，采用最邻近指数、核密度分析、空间自相关等方法，从自然和人文两个视角分析山东省高级别景区的空间结构及其影响因素。结果显示：山东省整体空间分布格局具有两端分散、中间集聚的特点；山东省高级别景区的空间密度分布存在不均的情况，总体来看，山东省的东部和中部地区拥有较多的景区，而西部地区相对较少，其中，枣庄、济宁、泰安、济南、淄博、临沂、潍坊和日照等地区密度较高，它们相互连接形成一个“M”形的分布格局，并且向东南沿海地区的青岛市倾斜；山东省高级别景区空间分布存在明显的空间正相关，有着较为明显的“团块状”集聚特征；影响山东省高级别景区空间分布结构的因素主要包括旅游资源、区位交通、旅游业发展水平、客源市场及政府政策。     

山西省乡居民宿的空间特征与影响因素研究——以“三个人家”为例

以山西省精品民宿为例,采用ArcGIS空间分析法中的空间最邻近指数、核密度分析法、地理集中指数以及缓冲区分析法,首先对山西省“三个人家”的空间分布特点进行分析,然后对影响“三个人家”空间分布的因素进行探究。结果表明：山西省“三个人家”为凝聚型分布,具有较明显的不均衡性;山西省“三个人家”整体上表现为多核心分布,在忻州市形成3个核心组团,在阳泉、晋城和临汾分别形成1个核心组团,密度由核心向外递减;影响山西省“三个人家”空间分布的因素有区域基础环境和旅游市场环境,对这些因素进行分析,发现旅游市场环境因素对山西省“三个人家”分布影响最大,其次是区域基础环境因素。     

基于POI数据的长沙市旅游业空间布局与区位特征分析

景点POI的空间布局对优化城市整体旅游布局发挥着重要作用.抓取2010年11月长沙市景点POI数据,采用平均最近邻分析、核密度估计、缓冲区分析、区位熵等方法,从不同景点类型、不同距离尺度,探讨长沙市景点POI的空间分布特征,并对长沙市旅游业发展的相关影响因素进行分析.研究发现:整体来看,长沙市景点POI呈区域发展不均衡、区域密度不均衡、区域景点POI类型不均衡等特点;各类型景点POI集聚程度存在公园>城市广场>其他>风景名胜>宗教文化景观的差异;不同尺度的各类型景点POI集聚特征也有所不同,但总体表现为距离衰减规律;影响全市旅游业收入的正向影响因子主要有人口、POI数量和公路里程,人均消费水平与全市旅游业收入的相关性不显著.     

中国传统村落时空演变特征及影响因素分析

运用数理统计与GIS空间分析等方法对8 155个中国传统村落时空演变及影响因素展开分析。研究表明,中国传统村落前六批及合计六批的分布类型均为凝聚型分布。在分布均衡程度方面,均呈现不平衡分布的态势;在数量结构方面,呈现明显的南方多于北方、各省份数量差异显著的特征;在空间集聚演变方面,第一批次基本奠定了后面各批次空间分布的总体格局,当前合计六批形成了三大高值片区与四处局部高值区并存,次级核心区零星分布的总体特征。中国传统村落分布格局是地形、气候、河流水系、农业发展条件等自然地理因素及经济、人口、交通、城镇化等人文地理因素共同作用的结果。     

城市服务设施更新对房价异质性作用研究——以成都市为例

以2013—2021年成都市二手房价格数据和城市服务设施POI数据为例，探究1 km×1 km空间格网尺度下房价和城市服务设施的时空关系演化。研究表明：城市服务设施和居住空间分布一致，沿交通干线呈“米”字状放射特征，城市服务设施逐步丰富但速度小于房价增长；城市服务设施分布与房价相关性显著，却逐渐减弱，尤其营利性设施相关系数降幅更为明显，区域内部房价分异态势日益加深；地理探测器模型能够有效识别出不同变量对房价影响差异，人口密度、建筑年份、路网密度影响最强，初级教育设施与其他设施交互对房价解释力显著增强。     

On the Major Transformation of the Asia-Pacific Regional Structure北大核心CSSCISSCI

Recent years have witnessedsignificant changes in the Asia-Pacific regionalstructure featuring the shift in power balance among related countries as well as adjust-ments in their respective regional strategies. So what is the prevailing trend in thistransformation and what kind of regional order will likely emerge in the future？ To an-swer these questions, the paper tries to explore the following dimensions： the evolvingregional context, shift in power balance and power conversion, geo-political and geo-e-conomic developments and interactions between them, and evolving regional order. Asthe study shows, the broadening of regional geographical scope, the rise in the numberof actors involved, as well as changesin the relations among them, have combined tocast a pluralistic and complex flavor to the regional structure. While the power balanceamong China, the United States and Japan shifts, and power conversion is also occur-ring. China and Japan are paying increasing attention to their security roles, whereasthe United States under the Obama administration laid more stress on expanding itsgeo-economic clout. In spite of the intensifying geopolitical competition among China,the United States and Japan in recent years, a Sino-US strategic compromise-whichholds the key to regional geopolitics-isother front, some kind of geo-economicmore likely to take place in the future. On thecooperation will probably emerge. In the longerterm, it will be the geo-economic trend thatwill prevail over the geopolitical trend inthe region. Finally, the future evolution of regional order wiI1 mainly follow the eco-nomic logic, accompanied by the dilutionof its hegemonic and hierarchical nature.Hence, a pluralistic and complex regional community will emerge.     

The German Hanse and Bergen – new perspectives on an old subject

Abstract

The Hanseatic League and her kontors (trading posts) were an integral part of the medieval trade system in Northern Europe. Hanse merchants dominated many markets in this region and managed to maintain a monopoly-like role in towns like Novgorod and Bergen for many centuries. Consequently, one focus of historical research about the Hanseatic League lay on the mechanisms that enabled the Hanse merchants to keep that strong of a position for such a long time.

This article is part of the discussion about this topic. Based on Lübeck merchants with business interest in the Norwegian town of Bergen, the so-called Bergenfahrers (Bergen travellers), it will give new insights into the Hansards' economical and social organization. The three main points are (a) the integration of the Bergen market in the Hanseatic trade network as an intermediary trading place on the vivid East–West route of Hanse trade; (b) the importance of the Bergenfahrers within the Hanse merchants' economical, social and political networks; and (c) the structure of the Bergenfahrers network patterns in the late Middle Ages.

In addition to new insights into the important role of Bergen and the Bergenfahrers within Lübeck's and the other Wendish Hanse towns' trading system, this articles provides further proof for the usefulness of the methods of Social Network Analysis in medieval economic research.     

Organization and incentives in the age of sail

The British Navy in the age of sail was the most successful bureaucracy of its time. Its organization and incentive structures differed importantly from contemporaneous private sailing ventures, but closely resembled those of today’s large corporations. To induce efficient effort, the navy used a hierarchical tournament, in which sailors competed for higher pay that came with promotions based on relative performance. Promotion probabilities, the option value of future promotions, and the higher effort required of men in higher ranks and on larger vessels, combined to yield a highly skewed pay structure.     

Financial Reporting and Trade Credit: Evidence from Mandatory IFRS Adoption*

We investigate the effect of mandatory IFRS adoption on trade credit. We document that firms in countries that adopt IFRS receive more trade credit from their suppliers, consistent with improved financial reporting quality and comparability playing a role in facilitating informal financing. This increase is larger for countries with a low level of societal trust, a poor pre‐IFRS‐adoption information environment, and stronger legal enforcement. These cross‐sectional results suggest that the conditions under which higher‐quality information is made publicly available affect suppliers' decisions to provide trade credit. This increase is also larger for firms with greater exposure to foreign markets, a finding that highlights the importance of more comparable international financial reporting standards in facilitating cross‐country trade credit. We also find that IFRS adoption has a stronger positive effect on trade credit for firms with greater liquidity needs. Finally, we find that firms in countries that adopt IFRS also extend more trade credit to their customers. Overall, our results support the notion that financial reporting can have a causal effect on trade credit.     

区域工业产业竞争力指标体系的构建及其评价方法研究

文章通过建立省级区域工业产业竞争力评价指标体系,设计竞争力模型,利用SPSS统计软件,对各省工业产业竞争力进行了评价测定。     

中俄经济技术合作面临新机遇

中俄在十年内把各自的GDP翻一番的目标,为发展中俄经济技术合作提供了机遇.仅仅依靠商品贸易的增长很难大幅度提升中俄经贸关系,需要全面开展经济技术合作,特别是加强在自然资源开发、跨国投资、军工技术和产品贸易领域的合作.     

INFRASTRUCTURE POLICY IN INDONESIA, 1965–2015: A SURVEY

This survey, first, provides an overview of the main developments in the infrastructure sector in Indonesia during the past five decades and, second, considers what the main policy and management bottlenecks in infrastructure appear to be. The overview of main developments indicates that, in broad terms, most parts of the sector have expanded considerably but that the needs remain acute for further expansion and for attention to the maintenance of existing facilities. Demand for infrastructure is high, especially since the regulated prices set for infrastructure services are often low. Access is often difficult, however, because of shortages of infrastructure, and quality is often unsatisfactory because of poor maintenance and indifferent management. These problems of access are exacerbated by the regulation of prices. This overview also points to the markedly different performances of industries in which pro-competitive policies have been applied and those in which more traditional policies of close regulation have restricted the operation of markets.