怎样预防小儿腹泻

腹泻是2岁以下小儿在夏秋两季的一种常见病。必须做到以预防为主。1.发病原因:小儿患腹泻的原因有三种:①没有定时定量喂奶。如牛奶、奶粉等食品比母乳粗而不易消化;②小儿忽冷忽热,特别是捂惯了的孩子,突然受凉就很容易腹泻;③孩子吃了不干净的食品或者用了带病菌的食具。2.腹泻症状:大便次数增多,大便稀汤呈黄绿     

泻莫禁食

有人认为腹泻时应当让肚子“空一空” ,不宜多吃 ,否则不利排出毒素 ,这种认识是错误的。因为人在腹泻时 ,会损失大量水分和无机盐 ,禁食或减少饮食 ,会进一步引起脱水和酸中毒。禁食还可以引起低血糖 ,损害脑组织 ,延缓肠道病变的修复 ,形成恶性循环。因此 ,腹泻时不但不应限食还应多食营养食物 ,并且要注意仔细咀嚼 ,以利于营养成分被肌体充分消化、吸收。腹泻时还应多饮水 ,以防引起脱水等症状。泻莫禁食     

科技与生活

云南白药——秋季腹泻之“克星” 秋季腹泻是秋、冬季小儿腹泻的常见病症,表现为起病急,伴发热或上呼吸道感染症状,起病后即有呕吐、腹泻。大便次数增多,每日10次左右,亦可达数十次,量多、黄或淡黄色、水样或蛋花样、无腥臭味,治疗不及时,常出现脱水和酸中毒。 在探索经济简便的治疗药物方面,临床发现许多老药新用有显著效果,白药敷治便是其中较好方法之     

猪痢疾与附红细胞体混合感染的病例诊治体会

猪痢疾是由猪密螺旋体引起的一种特有的肠道传染病，临床以消瘦、腹泻黏液性出血性下痢为特征。该病发病率高、发病快、死亡率高。附红细胞体病是由血液寄生虫引起的一种以贫血、黄疸和发热为主要症状的人畜共患病，病程大约为10～30天，死亡率高。这两种病单独发病时治疗不难，一旦混合感染后，会给诊断和治疗带来很大困难，并且高死亡率和高淘汰率会给养猪业带来惨重的损失。本文主要阐述在治疗过程中猪痢疾与附红细胞体混合感染的病例诊治体会。     

腹泻用药五误区

腹泻就用止泻药 这种做法是不正确的。因为许多肠道传染病发病初期多有程度不同的腹泻,排泄物能将体内的致病菌与细菌产生的毒素排出体外,可减少对人体的毒害作用。当然,如果腹泻次数频繁、持续时间过长,出现了脱水症状,就应该在使用抗生素和纠正脱水的前提下,酌情使用止泻剂。     

哪些人不宜吃月饼

糖尿病人因月饼含糖量高,吃得过多,会使血糖急剧升高,导致病情加重。胆囊炎、胆石症病人患这两种病的人多吃月饼,重则可以引起疾病发作。饱食过多的月饼还可能引发急性胰腺炎,这种病发病急,少数急病患者可在短期内死亡。老年人他们的消化吸收能力较差,多食会加重脾胃负担,引起消化不良、腹泻等疾病。婴幼儿他们的消化系统发育不够健全,消化器官十分娇嫩和脆弱,难以承受大量高糖、高脂肪的食品。十二指肠炎或胃炎的患者月饼使胃酸大量分泌,对疾病愈合不利,应控制食用。高血压、高血脂和冠心病人月饼中的糖、油脂等会增加血液稠度,加重心脏缺…     

浅谈流行性猪腹泻的发病原因及防治方法

猪腹泻是一种最常见的疾病,可以说是养猪行业的第一大病,给养猪业造成了非常大的损失;现主要分析了猪腹泻的发病原因及防治方法以减少此病的发生。     

儿童夏季热的防治

夏季热又谓暑热症、■夏等。在骄阳似火、热浪袭人的夏暑期间，小儿因机体发育不完全，体温调节功能差，不能维持产热、散热动态平衡，使植物神经功能紊乱而发病。多见于两周岁以内的小儿。 小儿夏季热的临床特征为：①发热，体温一般为３８－４０℃，持续不退，无固定热型，但明显地随气温变化而变化：②机体无汗或少汗，皮肤干燥：③口渴、口干、多饮；④尿多而清；⑤发病初期可伴有上呼吸道症状或消化道症状，高热时可有惊厥和昏迷；⑥实验室检查多在正常范围内，部分病儿白细胞分类中淋巴细胞偏高：⑦病程长短不一，有的１－２个月，有…     

浅谈异位妊娠的病因及护理对策

异位妊娠中的输卵管妊娠是妇产科最常见的急腹症之一,当输卵管妊娠流产或破裂时,可引起腹腔内严重出血,如不能及时就诊、处理,可危及生命。文章着重就异位妊娠中的输卵管妊娠发生的病因及护理措施,进行了分析和探讨。     

小儿慢性咳嗽的病因分析

目的探讨和分析小儿慢性咳嗽的病因。方法选用了我院在2012年4月-2013年4月接收的106例小儿慢性咳嗽作为研究对象,对他们的临床资料进行有效的分析和统计。结果 106例患者中有32例患者是由呼吸道炎症引发、28例患者是由支气管异物引发、24例是由鼻后滴流综合征引发、22例是由咳嗽变异性哮喘引发。小于1岁的患者主要以呼吸道炎症和误吸乳汁为主,1-3岁主要是由支气管异物、消化道呼吸炎症引发,大于3岁则主要是由鼻后滴流综合征和咳嗽变异性哮喘引发。结论小儿慢性咳嗽的诱发因素与年龄段有着密切的关系,因此对引发小儿慢性咳嗽的临床特点要因人而异进行分析。     

不同年龄段婴幼儿腹泻轮状病毒感染分析

目的:研究婴幼儿腹泻患者中轮状病毒的感染情况,为防治婴幼儿轮状病毒腹泻提供科学依据。方法:采用免疫胶体金技术对746例婴幼儿腹泻患者的粪便样本进行轮状病毒检测,分析腹泻患儿年龄与病毒检出率的关系。结果:746例患儿中共检出382例轮状病毒感染者,不同年龄段腹泻患儿的轮状病毒检出率有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:6~24月年龄段的婴幼儿是轮状病毒感染的高危人群,应重视对该类人群的轮状病毒监测。     

幼儿自我保护能力的调查研究

本文采用结构访谈法,以3-6岁的120名幼儿为研究被试,探讨了幼儿自我保护能力的现状。结果表明,从总体上来看,幼儿自我保护能力良好,从各维度上来看,幼儿的游戏活动自护、意外防护能力较好,生活活动自护能力次之,心理自护能力较差,城乡差异和年级差异在某些维度上也是存在差异的;中班是进行幼儿自我保护教育的关键时期。     

对公路施工中软土地基的处理简析

由于高速公路对路基完工后沉降的要求很高,而沉降刚好是软土地基处理的主要问题,所以在软土地基上修筑高速公路,如果对软基不加以处理,往往会导致路基失稳或过量沉降,直接影响到竣工后公路的运行状况及其使用寿命。     

Work‐To‐Life Conflict and Enrichment Among International Business Travelers: The Role of International Career Orientation

The present study examines the direct and moderating effects of an international career orientation in the relationship between frequency and duration of international business traveling and work‐to‐life conflict and enrichment. In addition, the effort‐reward imbalance that potentially features in the international business traveler's job was examined in relation to work‐to‐life conflict and enrichment. The study was conducted among 232 Finnish people in jobs requiring international business travel. A moderated hierarchical regression analysis shows that travel of considerable duration and a pronounced effort‐reward imbalance had direct links to work‐to‐life conflict. In contrast, low effort‐reward imbalance and a strong international career orientation had direct links to work‐to‐life enrichment. In addition, having a strong orientation to an international career decreases work‐to‐life conflict when a job requires very frequent traveling, but the moderation effect was not found in relation to duration of traveling. Our findings indicate that interventions aimed at reducing work‐to‐life conflict and increasing work‐to‐life enrichment among international business travelers should focus on fostering a balance between efforts and rewards at work. The extent of employees’ internationalism should also be considered when recruiting people into jobs involving international business travel. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

儿童发展心理学探讨

儿童孤独感与同伴关系的研究是儿童发展心理学领域的重要课题之一。孤独感是一种消极的,弥漫性的心理状态,儿童长期处于此状态会导致适应不良。国外对孤独的研究比较多,我国对孤独的研究最近十几年来发展比较快。综合国内外的研究资料发现:研究对象年龄跨度不平衡,针对老年人的研究比较多,对青少年和儿童的研究比较少。本研究便是以儿童为研究对象展开的。     

儿童抑郁症患者的家庭结构分析

家庭结构失衡儿童患者个性更为内向且情绪更趋于不稳定,更易出现焦虑和自杀行为,临床疗效较差,预后不良。     

Informal care and labor market participation

Understanding the effect of informal care for an elderly or disabled person on labor market outcomes is important for developing policies targeted towards caregivers. However, because of omitted variables bias, simple cross-sectional relationships may provide a misleading picture of the causal impact of informal care provision on labor force status. To address this, I use panel data for the period 2001–2007, which make it possible to track the same individuals over time, and observe how their outcomes alter as their care arrangements change. While caregiving does appear to have a modest negative impact on labor force participation, this impact is only one-quarter to one-sixth as large in the panel as in the cross-section. Taking account of individual heterogeneity, the impact of caregiving on other labor force outcomes (and on life satisfaction) seems to be small or non-existent. Large estimated effects from cross-sectional regressions are most likely driven by individual heterogeneity. One possible interpretation of this result is that the impact of caregiving on labor market outcomes and life satisfaction takes several years to manifest itself. Another is that the causal effect of caregiving on labor force outcomes and life satisfaction is quite small.     

Order Imbalance,Liquidity, and Market Efficiency: Evidence from the Chinese Stock Market

We used data from the Chinese stock market to quantify the amount of time for the market to converge to efficiency. Order imbalance may predict returns when there is no designated market maker. In spite of availability of the direction of trade information in the Chinese stock market, it takes longer for information regarding order imbalance to be incorporated into stock prices in China than in the USA. With information on past returns and order imbalance, it takes between 15 and 30 min to converge to efficiency in the Chinese stock market. The process of converging to efficiency depends highly on liquidity. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Unintended consequences of child care regulations

The effects of regulations governing staff-child ratio, group size, and staff qualifications in child care centers are estimated, using data on a sample of centers. The data contain measures of staff characteristics and wages, price of the service, and the developmental quality of the child care provided. Regulations vary across states, but may be endogenous to these outcomes. Estimates with state fixed effects are feasible because regulations vary within states by age group of children and job title of staff. Estimates with state fixed effects show that tougher regulations have some impact on input use, but have little or no impact on price and quality. The most striking finding is that tougher regulations reduce staff wages, suggesting that the incidence of child care regulations is on employees of day care centers.     

基于企业生命周期的激励机制建设

如何使企业人力资源的管理与企业发展相适应,是企业人力资源管理中急需解决的问题。基于企业生命周期的发展演化规律,企业发展的不同阶段对人力资源管理的要求是不同的,这就需要企业通过建立激励机制来提升人力资源管理的综合水平,以解决人力资源管理与企业发展脱节的问题。