顾客承诺的内涵、维度及影响因素研究

顾客承诺是西方有关如何留住顾客的营销理论中继顾客满意、顾客忠诚之后又一重要概念。根据国内外学者对顾客承诺理论的研究,从行为层面和心理层面系统论述了顾客承诺的内涵。依据顾客承诺的产生将顾客承诺划分为盘算性承诺、情感性承诺、规范性承诺三个维度。综合国内外研究以及根据市场营销环境,分别总结归纳出顾客承诺三维度的主要影响因素:经济价值,转换成本;顾客满意,顾客信任;主观规范,优惠待遇。     

共享服务系统体验价值共创行为的影响因素

由于共享经济的发展和信息技术的进步,共享服务系统中的共创行为变得越来越容易实现,消费者与企业协作共创价值成为新的发展趋势。在消费者需求和共享行为都不断变化的情况下,如果共享服务供应商不清楚何种因素能够加速消费者价值共创行为的生成,则会影响共创价值实现。基于服务主导逻辑的理论,构建共享服务系统体验价值共创行为及其影响因素的理论模型。依据收集的450份有效问卷,对数据进行分析后发现,共享服务系统中感知利益、感知信任和社会可持续性通过互动协作(价值共创过程)对顾客体验价值产生影响,顾客体验价值对顾客的价值共创行为意向产生影响。研究结果表明,顾客参与共创动机中的效益动机和信任动机显著正向影响互动协作,互动协作显著正向影响体验价值和共创行为意向,而体验价值在互动协作和共创行为意向之间起到显著部分中介作用。共享服务提供方和产品制造方应多从顾客视角考虑其效益需求和信任需求,定位顾客需求和偏好,提供更有吸引力和说服力的商品与服务,使顾客感知到更多的收益,并形成较高信任度;提升与顾客的互动水平,建立顾客对服务方的好感,激发顾客更多的主动交互行为、参与行为和个人创新行为;重视资源的整合、分配和调动,实行以顾客驱动为核心的开放创新模式;招募优质用户,通过倾听和观察了解其价值主张,促进价值共创行为的生成,改善共享服务系统的整体服务质量。     

虚拟品牌社区环境下顾客参与价值共创对品牌体验的影响

以虚拟品牌社区顾客为研究对象,采用结构方程模型的方法,实证检验了顾客参与两种类型价值共创行为与品牌体验之间的关系。结果发现:顾客参与发起的价值共创对感官体验、思考体验和行为体验具有正向显著影响;顾客参与自发的价值共创对感官、情感、思考、行为和关联体验都具有显著正向影响。因此,顾客参与价值共创是提升虚拟品牌社区顾客品牌体验的有效路径。     

虚拟品牌社区互动对顾客公民行为的影响

虚拟品牌社区是企业与顾客网络互动的重要平台,对激发顾客公民行为、提升企业经营绩效有积极意义。从顾客组织社会化视角出发,本文以虚拟品牌社区中的顾客群体为样本,就网络互动对顾客公民行为的影响作用进行理论研究和结构方程模型分析,研究发现网络互动的双向交流、顾客参与和联合解决维度,对顾客价值观、人际关系和知识技能社会化均有显著正向影响,顾客组织社会化各维度对顾客公民行为均有显著正向影响。     

员工满意度、组织承诺对组织公民行为的影响研究

近年来,组织公民行为越来越引起人们的关注.企业都期望本企业发生更多的组织公民行为活动,但是却不知道从哪些方面来实施.本文提出了员工满意度、组织承诺和组织公民行为的关系模型,以西安地区失中型国有企业为调查对象,对员工满意度、组织承诺对组织公民行为的影响做出了实证研究.结果显示,这两个因素对于组织公民行为都有显著的正向影响.     

顾客感知价值与品牌承诺关系的实证分析

通过以顾客感知和品牌承诺理论为基础,从感知质量、感知服务、感知便利、感知重要性、感知吸引度五个方面分析顾客对笔记本电脑市场的理性品牌承诺的影响作用,得出顾客感知价值理论直接影响顾客对品牌的承诺.而且表明顾客的理性承诺是形成情感性品牌承诺的直接原因,最终形成顾客忠诚,从而也间接的验证了顾客价值主导理论等结论.顾客对产品质量的优劣和服务成本的大小很敏感,因此"卓越的质量,优秀的服务"仍是取悦消费者最重要的手段,同时,产品和品牌的重要性也密不可分.对于厂商而言,用更好的设计,采用更符合顾客口味的广告策略,合理的品牌定位等是吸引顾客长期购买的重要手段.     

消费者缘何忠实于特定网络商店?——在线顾客惰性的视角

在信任、承诺、企业规模与信誉等传统顾客忠诚影响因素缺失条件下,消费者对众多提供相同或者相似产品中的网络商店存在重复光顾、正向口碑及推荐行为。基于淘宝网消费者调查,本文运用结构方程模型与bootstrap分析方法研究在线卷入度、感知信息过载以及在线转换成本对在线顾客忠诚的作用机制。结果表明:随着网络技术的飞速发展,在线卷入度、感知信息过载以及在线转换成本对特定网络商店在线顾客忠诚的影响作用逐渐凸显,在线顾客惰性中介是关键路径,为顾客忠诚研究提供了新的视角;行为观点的顾客惰性被认为是一种虚假忠诚,但从在线顾客惰性态度倾向视角审视在线顾客忠诚行为,是真正的顾客忠诚,是体验经济的体现。     

顾客参与对顾客满意和顾客公民行为的影响研究

在服务的生产传递过程中,顾客参与使顾客不再是独立于服务组织之外的单纯消费者。作为服务的共同生产者,顾客不仅会影响组织的生产效率和服务质量,还会影响自身的心理结果和行为结果。文章选取顾客满意和顾客公民行为作为顾客心理和行为结果的衡量指标,构建了顾客参与对顾客满意和顾客公民行为影响的理论模型,并以团队游为例进行了实证研究。研究表明：顾客参与的人际互动和信息分享两个维度对顾客满意有正向影响;顾客满意对顾客公民行为各维度均有正向影响;顾客参与对顾客公民行为有显著正向影响,且顾客满意在顾客参与对顾客公民行为的影响关系中存在部分中介效应。     

共享经济的价值共创:基于需求侧的实证研究

在以滴滴出行等企业为代表的共享经济时代,价值共创是当下商业模式创新的典型特征,而价值创造的新模式也在逐步显示出竞争力。文章以共享出行领域为研究对象,基于需求侧对价值共创的机理、结果及影响进行探讨,建立起一个以顾客体验为中介变量,顾客主导的概念模型。通过实证研究表明,价值共创行为对顾客体验有显著的正向作用,价值共创行为对顾客价值有显著的正向作用,顾客体验对顾客价值有显著的正向作用,并且顾客体验在价值共创过程中起中介作用。     

平台型领导对员工创新行为的影响机制研究

互联网背景下的企业平台化趋势日益显著，与之相呼应的平台型领导逐渐受到企业和研究者的高度关注，这种新型领导方式已被不少研究证实其对企业与员工的双重积极作用，但是否对员工创新行为产生显著正向影响以及其影响机制如何目前尚未研究。文章基于社会交换理论和内在动机理论探究平台型领导与员工创新行为的影响及其传导机制。实证研究结果表明：平台型领导对员工创新行为有显著正向影响，团队心理授权在平台型领导与员工创新行为之间起到显著中介作用，组织承诺能够有效调节团队心理授权与员工创新行为之间的关系。文章为企业在管理实践中从培育平台型领导、提高团队心理授权、提高组织承诺方面促进员工创新行为提供了理论支持和实践参考。     

Customer experience and commitment in retailing: Does customer age matter?

While the customer experience (CX) concept has rapidly gained traction in recent years, its effect on customer brand commitment and loyalty remains tenuous. Moreover, while customer age has been identified as an influential driver of consumer behavior, little is known about its effect on the customer's brand experience. Addressing these gaps, we develop a model that examines the relationships between CX, commitment, and loyalty, while using customer age as a moderator in the proposed associations. A total of 423 valid responses was collected from branded retail customers. Structural equation modeling results reveal a positive effect of (a) CX on customers' affective/calculative commitment, and (b) customer commitment on brand loyalty. Moreover, multi-group analysis results reveal that while customer ages moderates the association between CX/affective commitment, it does not significantly moderate the relationship between CX/calculative commitment. We conclude with key implications that arise from this research.     

Commitment,satisfaction, and customer loyalty: a theoretical explanation of the ‘satisfaction trap’

This paper examines the relationship between satisfaction and customer loyalty and the moderating effects of affective and calculative commitment. The results suggest that while customer loyalty increases monotonically with the enhancement of satisfaction, the marginal effect of satisfaction on customer loyalty actually decreases. Calculative commitment positively moderates the curvilinear relationship of satisfaction and customer loyalty, i.e. enhancing calculative commitment could intensify the relationship between satisfaction and customer loyalty. Affective commitment has no significant moderating effect on the relationship of satisfaction and customer loyalty, but it can directly enhance the customer loyalty. The research findings can help us to explain the phenomenon of the ‘satisfaction trap’.     

The role of commitment on the customer benefits–loyalty relationship in mobile service industry

The purpose of this study is to identify appropriate combinations between various types of commitment and benefit, to induce and enhance loyalty behaviours, such as customer retention, cross-selling, and customers' positive word-of-mouth, in a matured service market. The results show that functional and economic benefits have significant effects on customer retention through calculative commitment, while experiential and symbolic benefits significantly affect cross-selling and positive word-of-mouth via affective commitment. Normative commitment mediates the relationship between affective commitment and customer retention. The implications of these findings for loyalty management strategy related with service benefits and type of commitment are discussed. Limitations and recommendations for future research are also presented.     

Investigation of the relationship between service values and loyalty behaviors under high commitment

The aim of this study is to investigate to relationship between service values, commitment, and customer loyalty. Based on self-administrated survey from 440 mobile service users in South Korea, the proposed model was estimated by a hierarchical regression. First, the price and the quality values have a positive effect on repurchase intention under high calculative commitment. Second, price value also has a positive effect on positive word of mouth under high calculative commitment. Finally, and social value has a positive effect on positive word of mouth under high affective commitment. We discuss the implications of these findings for commitment management strategies on the relationship between service values and customer-loyalty link. Limitations and recommendations for future research are also presented.     

Commitment in Marketing Channels: Mitigator or Aggravator of the Effects of Destructive Acts?

This research examines how a firm's relationship commitment influences its extra-role behavior after an intentional destructive act by a partner. The results of two studies – one a national survey of dealers for a consumer durable product and the other a set of three experiments involving business-to-business managers – show that the outcome of a destructive act depends on the type of commitment: whether the commitment is affective, calculative, or normative. Under relational distress caused by a supplier's destructive act, high affective commitment induces more negative extra-role behaviors, high calculative commitment induces more positive extra-role behaviors, while high normative commitment induces little change in extra-role behavior. Process tests indicate that each of these effects on extra-role behavior is explained (mediated) by psychological responses that are distinct for the type of commitment involved.     

Perceived justice and post-recovery satisfaction in banking service failures: Do commitment types matter?

Based on the notion that the types of customer commitment to a service provider may have diverse reasons and effects on the customer’s perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors, this study aims to investigate the different buffering effects of calculative and affective commitments on the perceived justice and post-recovery satisfaction (PRS) relationship. Multiple and hierarchical regression analyses were conducted based on survey data collected from 284 households who experienced service failure in the banking sector. Results revealed that while affective commitment moderates the effects of procedural and interactional justice, calculative commitment increases the impact of distributive and procedural justice on PRS.     

The interrelationships between relationship marketing constructs and customer engagement dimensions

The study examines the interrelationships between selected relationship marketing constructs, namely customer satisfaction, trust, perceived value and commitment, and their effect on the dimensions underlying customer engagement. The study is quantitative and an explanatory research design was followed. A total of 489 self-administered questionnaires were collected from customers of short-term insurance providers on the basis of convenience. Customer satisfaction impacts positively on affective commitment and trust. Customer value also impacts positively on affective commitment and trust, while trust impacts positively on affective commitment. Affective commitment in turn impacts positively on the four customer engagement dimensions: interaction, attention, absorption and affection. The research findings offer an initial understanding of the interrelationships between key relationship marketing constructs and their ultimate effect on various customer engagement dimensions. These matters have received little attention in marketing research, and knowledge of the proposed relationships may lead to further research on this topic.     

High-involvement human resource practices,affective commitment,and organizational citizenship behaviors

Although understanding the concept of organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) in a service context is important, very few studies have investigated what motivates frontline service employees to exhibit such behaviors. This study examines how high-involvement human resource (HR) practices influence affective commitment, which contributes to citizenship behaviors in service settings from the employees' point of view. Based on previous studies, this study proposed a conceptual model and hypothesized that five constructs of HR practices (i.e. recognition, empowerment, competence development, fair rewards, and information sharing) facilitate the development of frontline employees' affective commitment. This kind of organizational commitment in turn contributes to OCB (i.e. loyalty, participation, and service delivery). Data were collected from 172 contact employees of Taiwanese restaurants. The result indicated that high-involvement HR practices play an important role in determining contact employees' affective commitment. Moreover, affective commitment was found to be an effective linkage between high-involvement HR practices and contact employees' citizenship behaviors.     

The relational benefits of personalized communications in an online environment

This research investigates how personalized communications enhance customer‐company relationships, which ultimately produce favourable marketing outcomes. Two factors were manipulated in an online experiment: the perceived effort made by customers to obtain a personalized newsletter (high vs. low) and the level of relevance of the message (high vs. low). The results indicate that perceived effort positively affects calculative commitment (even more so for highly involved customers), while the level of relevance of the message increases affective commitment. In addition, the interaction between perceived effort and message relevance has significant effects on calculative and affective commitment. Finally, affective commitment partially mediates the relationships between relevance and both loyalty and word‐of‐mouth intentions. Managerial implications regarding the best usage of personalized communications are discussed. Copyright © 2013 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Turnover intentions and organizational citizenship behaviours in Korean firms: the interactional effects of organizational and occupational commitment

This study investigated the effects of the organizational commitment and occupational commitment of employees in Korean firms on their turnover intentions and organizational citizenship behaviours. In addition, using the interactional effect analysis, this study examined the interactional effects of the two types of commitment on turnover intentions and organizational citizenship behaviours. A total of 209 employees in nine different firms participated in this study. The results revealed that organizational commitment had a negative effect on turnover intentions, while occupational commitment had a positive effect. In addition, organizational commitment had a positive effect on organizational citizenship behaviours, whereas occupational commitment did not have any noticeable effect thereupon. Both organizational commitment and occupational commitment showed certain overall interactional effects regarding organizational citizenship behaviours as well as turnover intentions.