高技术引导下的深港一体化研究

进入９０年代以来,香港与深圳及内地的合作开始进入了一个新的阶段,即以高技术产业合作为主的阶段。本文从这一轮新的以高技术产业合作的背景出发,提出深港应走“竞争互动式”区域发展模式,并对深港合作的新机制进行了分析,最后对深港实现区域一体化提出了一些具体的措施。     

江西与广东,香港的经济合作研究

京九铁路南段（九江以南）使赣粤港三地成为一个紧密联系的经济地带。江西与广东、香港的经济互补性强,具备互惠合作的良好的基础。江西省利用自身优势,抓住当前机遇,采取适当措施,必将实现赣粤港经济融合与江西省的经济腾飞。     

ECONOMIC INTERACTIONS: CHINA VIS-A-VIS HONG KONG

Hong Kong's role has been integral to China's unprecedented economic growth, but privatization ranks first in importance. Another key factor is Beijing's putting economic reform before political reform. Giving democracy to a society in chaos likely makes matters worse. Hong Kong and China both have profited from their partnership. As China has opened up to allow transformation into a market economy, Hong Kong has provided informational impetus for change, a capitalist model to copy, and middleman functions for China to participate in outside-world goods and financial markets. The collapse of Communism in China and elsewhere has increased the supply of cheap labour perhaps by 2 billion. Manufacturing countries with expensive labour and high cost welfare programmes—such as those in the United States, Canada, and Europe—will have difficulty. Capitalists in these countries will do well by investing abroad but not in their own countries. Though wrong in detail, the factor price equalization theorem—that international movement of goods and international movement of factors of production are equivalent—basically is correct. If China continues moving toward privatisation and joining the international community, it will become fiercely competitive, and prospects will be bright for both China and Hong Kong. However, China's recent drift from capitalism clouds those prospects. Fundamentally, three kinds of rights systems exist: (i) a capitalist system, with well defined private property rights, protected by law, where control of resources is based on ownership; (ii) a hierarchical system, such as Communism, where control of resources is based on one's rank in the hierarchy; (iii) a system of corruption, where control of resources is based on bribes and patronage. China rapidly had been making a transition from the second system to the first but recently seems to have derailed into the third. In any case, Communism's collapse is one of the great events in human history. The hero of that event is Deng Xiaoping—not Gorbachev, nor Thatcher, nor Reagan. Hong Kong, by contributing significantly to China's capitalist movement, has led the Communist world to change.     

沪港服务输出的比较研究

随着全球经济的快速发展,服务贸易在国际经济中的地位迅速提高,并逐渐成为衡量一国或地区国际竞争力的重要标准。沪港作为中国服务贸易发展较快的两个地区,而且又是未来东亚乃至全球经济中心的潜在竞争对手,所以两者在一定程度上具有可比性。因此,从三个方面对沪港两地的服务输出比较研究,发现它们之间存在较大的差异,并从差异原因的分析中总结出两地服务输出发展的成功经验,以期为北京、广州等地提供借鉴。两地在未来关系的发展中,应相互合作,实现共赢。     

“两型社会”建设中的土地需求调控政策研究

以武汉城市圈和长株潭城市群两型社会建设综合配套改革试验区作为研究对象,运用文献综合和实证研究的方法,分析了影响土地需求的各种因素,在此基础上提出有针对性的土地需求调控政策。研究表明:在土地供给总量一定的情况下,适当提高用地成本,使土地集约利用成为用地者的理性选择,进而实现土地节约利用,减少土地利用对环境的负面影响,是"两型社会"建设目标下土地资源管理的核心任务。土地需求调控的具体政策手段有:①地价政策,即普遍实行土地出让最低限价政策,进一步扩大土地"招拍挂"出让范围;②税收政策,包括适当提高耕地占用税、城镇土地使用税税率,开征土地闲置税和土地财产税,强化土地增值税的征管;③信贷政策,即通过金融信贷机构严格对房地产开发商进行信用等级和贷款条件审查,限制信贷额度,降低土地开发投资的信贷风险。同时要从控制人口数量、严格限制人均用地标准,实行行业准入制度,强化对划拨用地的利用管理,严格贯彻土地管理法律政策等方面完善土地需求调控的配套措施。     

BINGE DRINKING IN COLLEGE: THE IMPACT OF PRICE, AVAILABILITY, AND ALCOHOL CONTROL POLICIES

This paper estimates the effects of beer prices, alcohol availability, and policies related to driving under the influence of alcohol on drinking and binge drinking among youths and young adults. Data are from a nationally representative survey of students in U.S. colleges and universities. Separate estimates are obtained for underage male and female students, as well as for older male and female students. The estimates indicate that the drinking practices of male college students are generally insensitive to the price of beer. However, underage drinking and binge drinking by female students do respond significantly to price, although both are relatively inelastic. The results also show that strong drunk driving policies targeting youths and young adults significantly reduce drinking and binge drinking by male students. Similarly, these policies reduce drinking among female college students but appear to have little impact on their binge drinking. Instead, the results indicate that many elements of campus life (including participation in a fraternity or sorority, living on campus, and the ready availability of alcoholic beverages) are among the most important determinants of drinking and binge drinking among college students.     

香港与内地经济一体化:CEPA对两岸经贸合作的启示

以全球化下的区域经济一体化趋势为背景,回顾与总结自内地改革开放20多年来,香港与内地、特别是珠江三角洲区域经济一体化,以及内地与台湾经济互动的进程、融合的程度,比较分析两者的特点,从而揭示香港与内地经贸合作由民间自发行为转变到政府之间机制性合作,特别是更紧密经贸关系(CEPA)的建立,对海峡两岸经贸合作机制的启示。     

穗、深、港港口和航空物流对经济增长的作用

港口物流和航空物流是现代物流产业的重要组成部分,与经济发展具有密切的关系.应用Granger因果关系检验法检验广州、深圳和香港1990-2007年间的港口和航空物流增量与当地和包括港澳在内的大珠三角城市群GDP之间增量的因果关系,从定量角度分别研究了广州、深圳和香港港口和航空物流业对城市和区域经济增长的作用,运用回归模型确定港口物流和航空与经济增长之间的数量关系,发现它们呈非线性的三次曲线关系,然后采用边际效应和弹性分析分别计算出三地港口和航空物流业的单位增长给当地和区域经济带来的增长额度,最后提出协调区域物流产业.促进区域经济发展的若干对策建议.     

香港引入核电及天然气发电的前因后果

香港无能源生产,所耗用之能源皆需进口;由于香港基本上为一个大都市,因而电力在能源经济中扮演举足轻重的角色,战后香港每年耗能的一半以上用于发电,近年电力的销售金额为各项能源之冠,１９９６年占总销售量的５７％,１９９４年香港开始引入广东大亚湾的核电,１９９６年由海南省的崖城天然气田输入天然气作发电之用,本文主要剖析引入电及天然气的前因后果。     

深港生产性服务业合作发展

通过对深港两地合作历史的回顾以及对两地经济现状的分析,提出了深港合作发展生产性服务业应采取的对策.合作发展生产性服务业不仅是保持和实现香港经济平稳、健康、持续良好发展的需要,也是改变深圳经济增长方式、准确定位深圳产业发展和产业结构调整方向的必然需求.深港两地的城市特点:地理区位、市场机制、工业基础和既定的贸易伙伴关系网络等因素决定了深港两地应该以服务业尤其是生产性服务业为未来产业的主要发展方向.     

EQUALITY AND EFFICIENCY: ANTIDISCRIMINATION POLICIES IN THE LABOR MARKET

Some have criticized government antidiscrimination programs for causing efficiency losses both by devoting public resources to monitoring and enforcement and by distorting personnel decisions. This paper examines the efficiency consequences of such programs when discrimination is caused by a market failure and when regulators are imperfectly informed about individual firms' personnel policies.
This paper outlines a simple model of "statistical discrimination" and shows that an equal opportunity rule, which constrains employers from offering different wage schedules to different groups, will improve the efficiency of this economy. Employers will attempt to evade such regulation, and the paper describes an evasion strategy in which employers search for worker "qualifications" that can act as proxies for race or sex. The paper discusses problems involved in monitoring and enforcing compliance, and considers two possible responses by the regulatory agency. The first is analogous to "disparate impact" judgments in which the type of information that employers can use in personnel decisions is regulated. The second is an affirmative action-type policy that monitors the outcomes, rather than the process, of hiring and compensation decisions. Affirmative action policies have some advantages since they permit employers to use information more efficiently than do policies that attempt to regulate personnel decisions directly. However, affirmative action policies are likely to lead to charges of preferential treatment.     

我国乡村旅游可持续发展问题与对策研究

乡村旅游是生态旅游与农业旅游结合而演化出来的一种新型旅游方式。生态旅游既包含自然生态旅游，也包含人文生态旅游，旅游者选择这种旅游方式的原始动机是对大自然和先祖生活方式的双重回归。乡村旅游在我国刚刚起步，存在着投资与经营规模小、地区分布与组织形式散、项目低水平重复设置、市场竞争秩序乱的局面，以及活动项目形式单一、环境卫生面貌亟待改善、接待设施城市化、利益分配不均导致市场信誉不良等问题。要解决这些问题加强引导、科学规划、合理布局；质量管理、服务指导、监督保障；规范经营、保持特色、提高质量；产品创新、机制创新、组织创新。     

MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION POLICIES IN THE EMU: SPILLOVERS, ASYMMETRIES AND INSTITUTIONS

This paper studies the institutional design of the coordination of macroeconomic stabilization policies within a monetary union in the framework of linear quadratic differential games. A central role in the analysis plays the partitioned game approach of the endogenous coalition formation literature. The specific policy recommendations in the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) context depend on the particular characteristics of the shocks and the economic structure. In the case of a common shock, fiscal coordination or full policy coordination is desirable. When anti‐symmetric shocks are considered, fiscal coordination improves the performance but full policy coordination does not produce further gains in policymakers' welfare.     

河南省小城镇发展与建设的政策研究

本文在对河南省小城镇广泛调查的基础上,剖析了小城镇发展面临的挑战和机遇,讨论了小城镇在全省现代化进程中的定位问题,提出了集中发展小城镇和重塑小城镇政府管理职能的建议,并对小城镇建设与发展的土地、户籍、财政金融、产业优化等方面的政策进行了研究。     

宏观调控与中国的房地产——专访著名经济学家徐滇庆

资本市场只有5个投资渠道,证券、债券、房地产、期货和外汇.徐滇庆称,目前国内债券市场规模太小,期货市场几乎等于没有,而外汇尚未开放,只剩下股市和房地产,它们必将成为海外资金下一步的炒作对象