让就业有利可图--完善上海城市最低生活保障制度研究

随着低保制度建设的逐步深入,有劳动能力者及其家庭已成为主要的低保群体,如何鼓励他们积极觅职、实现自立是今后完善低保制度的过程中需要重点解决的课题.分析表明,现行的社会救助标准体系中可能存在一些不利于低保家庭退出救助的因素,如低保的替代率、救助标准抵扣和渐退措施、低保附带福利、工作成本以及工作的稳定性等都会影响低保家庭是否会退出低保.本文以上海城市最低生活保障制度为例,参照国际经验,对这些问题进行深入分析和探讨,并提出相应的对策建议.     

内蒙古地区城乡低保制度救助力度实证分析

低保制度是社会救助制度的核心和基础,经过十多年来的发展,其在保障城乡困难群体的基本生活、维护社会稳定方面发挥了不可替代的作用,但同时存在着救助标准偏低、覆盖面偏窄制度分割等问题。本文引入低保救助力度系数,对内蒙古地区城乡低保制度救助力度进行研究。     

低保制度是近贫人口的福利悬崖吗?——基于贫困脆弱性视角的实证研究

未能获得低保救助但贫困脆弱性较强的近贫人口,未来陷入贫困的可能性较大,且与低保家庭相比,还可能存在救助性福利缺失的悬崖效应。本文使用2014年中国家庭追踪调查数据,基于贫困脆弱性视角测量近贫人口的贫困程度,采用倾向得分匹配法探究低保制度是否对低保家庭与近贫人口的贫困脆弱性产生悬崖效应,并分析由悬崖效应引起的救助性福利缺失是否造成近贫人口对低保制度参与权与福利加成的不平等。结果显示:以各地区低保线为基点,近贫人口家庭人均收入高于低保线的部分累加至最低工资线与低保线差值的0.2至0.25倍的区间时,存在显著的悬崖效应与救助性福利缺失,参与权与福利加成方面存在不平等。因此,应将贫困脆弱性纳入到现行低保救助判别机制之中,以此完善对未来陷入贫困可能性的测量与识别;同时将存在救助性福利缺失的近贫人口纳入到低保制度,以此化解悬崖效应引起的不平等。     

浅析农村低保边缘救助

农村低保边缘救助,是对农村最低生活保障制度的一个补充。低保边缘不同于低保,低保边缘的资金、医疗救助享受者为大病患者本人,家庭其他成员并不能享受。低保边缘救助需要申请人本人患有规定的13种大病中的一种,并且家庭成员人均收入低于最低生活保障标准2倍以内。由于农村低保边缘救助对象的界定加入了更多的元素,给农村低保边缘救助的审批也带来了更多的难点。     

城市低保家庭子女教育救助研究

近几年，中国的城市家庭之间贫富差距日益家的，贫困家庭的贫困问题也随之严重，中国城市出现了低保群体。研究解决低保贫困家庭问题已然成为中国构建和谐社会的当务之急。教育是帮助低保家庭脱离贫困的重要手段，但是由于各种原因，低保家庭子女的教育状况不甚理想，城市低保家庭子女需要教育的救助。因此，研究和解决城市低保家庭子女教育救助问题，理应成为中国当今社会关注的重点。本文以教育学与教育经济学为理论根据，以城市低保家庭子女的教育救助问题为研究的对象，阐述了城市低保家庭子女的教育救助现状，并分析了城市低保家庭子女的教育救助面临的困境，最后探讨了解决城市低保家庭子女的教育救助困境的方法。     

阜新市城市低保边缘户社会救助匮乏问题研究——基于低保群体的对比分析

阜新市经济转型以来，城市低保边缘户大量涌现，该群体是指非农业人口中家庭人均收入高于当她城市低保标准，但由于未充分享受长期性救助政策，实际生活水平低于城市低保对象，处于相对贫困状态的城市居民家庭。中国社科院社会政策研究院研究员唐钧等专家学者已经开始关注和研究城市低保边缘户的相关社会救助问题，但其研究限于宏观层面，对某一地区或城市低保边缘户社会救助匮乏问题的研究还不多见。在阜新市经济转型的大背景下，笔者通过实地调查研究，对阜新市城市低保边缘户社会救助匿乏问题展开研究。     

北京市农村低保工作调研报告

本文对调查掌握的北京市农村低保工作情况作了较全面地阐述,并提出了几点工作启示。主要内容:北京市农村最低生活保障工作基本情况和工作进展情况;存在的问题及下一阶段的主要措施。几点启示:建立低保制度与配套的其它专项社会救助制度联动的社会救助机制,有利于全方位扶贫济困;注意处理好低保与促进就业的关系:足额的财政救助资金预算是建立以低保为基础的社会救助制度的基本保证。     

村庄社会中农村最低生活保障政策执行效果研究——基于对九江市L乡实地调研

自农村低保政策在江西省实施的以来,对保障农村人口基本生活条件发挥了重要的作用,然而,在实施过程中也产生了执行中的诸多乱象,农村低保乱象的发生既有制度本身的缺陷,也有社会环境和政策执行问题。我国应着力完善农村居民保障措施,实现保障措施多元化,缓解低保的压力,解决因病致贫现象;进一步完善新农合政策,解决实际操作中存在的报销难问题;解决因老致贫现象,提高新农保的养老保障作用;重视集体补贴在新农保补贴中的作用,借助中央发展农村经济的机遇,发展农村优势产业;关注社会救助领域,医疗救助、教育救助、住房保障等社会救助政策向低收入家庭倾斜的同时需要加快推进低收入家庭瞄准工作,防止低保福利关联产生的负激励效应。     

澳大利亚社会保障制度对我国低保制度建设的启示

澳大利亚是典型的福利国家,其福利制度以救助型社会保障为主。经过一百多年的发展,澳大利亚已经形成了以家庭经济状况调查为基础、以社会救助为核心的较为完善的社会保障体系。其中,以家庭经济状况调查制度为典型代表的制度体系对当前我国低保制度中存在的如救助理念落后、家计调查缺乏专业性、法制建设滞后等问题具有一定的借鉴意义。     

对最低生活保障制度的透视与展望——以我国中小城镇为例

本文阐述了中小城镇低保制度存在的救助标准偏低、产生负激励效应、低保人员自助能力极度弱化、低保对象生活水平同低保标准反向变动等问题,并分析产生这些问题的原因,进一步提出完善政策的对策建议。     

Public Financial Expenditure——A Reflection of the Livelihood Improvement

In recent years.China's public finance put social construction high on the agenda and attaches more importance on livelihood insurance and improvement.The 2003-2007 public financial expenditure reflects a fact that the government isputting more emphasis on livelihood andissues concerning the people.     

Voices from the MPC and CPPCC

"Crucial for economic growth.energy utilization has its role in all economic sectors and every aspect of people's daily life.Now we are in dire need of a new profession,namely energy manager.We not only need to have passion and responsibility,but also a scientific approach to conserve energy and cut emissions.APpropriate legislation should be in place.and a special profession should be introduced to ensure the implementation of these laws and regulations."     

Slowdown Trade Surplus Growth

According to Ma Kai＇s economic planning report submitted to the NPC session on March 5th,（Ma Kai is the Minister in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission）,the government has listed the slowdown in trade surplus growth and the steady expansion of external investment as major tasks for 2008.     

Ouyang Riping： A Hero Besides Entrepreneur

A bout fifty years ago. a baby＇s cry broke the sky of quietness, in a small and beautiful town of Hunan province, which surroundcd by green hills and clear water. Though his .birth brought his family great happiness and hope just as any new life, nobody knew that the little boy would get great achievement when he grow up. even start his business oversea, and earn international honor. Let＇s share with you the entrepreneur Ouyang Riping＇s story, which may insights thcsc people who want to succeed and complete oneself in favorite condition or adversity rather leave things to so-called fate.     

Belarus, A Chinese Fort in Europe

＂In recent years, we＇ve found increasing interest from Chinese investors in the Belarus economy. Please let China know, Belarus is always ready to be a true friend to China. We have built a fort in Europe for China,＂ the President of Belarus, Alexander Lukashenko told Zhou Xiaochuan, President of the Bank of China, during his visit to the capital of Minsk, on January 8th, he expressed his high praise and firm confidence in the development of Sino-Belarusian relations.     

What＇s Behind Spring Festival？

Similar to what the Christmas Day means for the westerners,the Spring Festival is the most important celebration for Chinese people.This big event according to Chinese traditional lunar calendar relaxes and pleases the whole country as the happiest gathering time of the year.National-wide crusade for going back home,too-difficult-to-get train tickets,generous family-going-out shopping,Miaohui laundering,New Year Eve reunion dinner,visiting friends and relatives,watching annual TV gala......each piece of clue reminds us of the smell of Chinese Spring Festival.     

KEY WDRDS for Foreign Investment in China

FDI(Foreign Direct Investment),a component of a country's national financlal accounts,is investment of foreign assets into domestic structures,equipment,and organizations.It does not include foreign investment into the stock markets,concession and subcontract.FDI iS thought to be more useful to a country than investments in the equity of its companies because equity investments are potentially "hot money"which can leave at the first sign of trouble,whereas FDI is durable and generally useful whether things go well or badly.     

Brown＇s Blossom in Britain-China

The overall strategic relationship between U.K. and China is ＂better than ever＂, China- Britain relations have maintained good momentum, with increased high-level exchanges and the reinforcement of strategic mutual trust, with more room for growth in the future.     

Challenge and Opportunity Go Hand in Hand——What Global Economic Agitation Brings to the China's Economy?

Domino effects of the global finance agitation As the origin of the subprime crisis,US financial institutions lost USS45 billion last year,accounted for over half of the total US,EU & Japan loss.Since January 15th,Chtigroup released its financial statement of the 4th quarter,showing a net deficit of USS9.83 billion,which marked the hisoric high of its quarterly deficit.     

Consumption, New Protagonist in 2007 GDP

Not long ago, the National Bureau of Statistics released its 2007 Macro Economy Index. Social consumption retail sales reached RMB 8.9 billion, increased by 16.8 percent over the previous year, or 3.1 percentage points higher; the whole investment in social fixed assets was valued RMB 13.7 billion, a year-on-year increase of 24.8 percent, that is 0.9 percentage points higher; and trade surplus amounted to RMB 24.7 billion, rising by 47.7 percent compared with the same period last year, 26.3 percentage points falling over the increasing speed last year. According to preliminary estimates, GDP for the year was RMB 24.67 trillion, up by 11.4 percent from the previous year,