纳米技术在聚烯烃中的研究进展

综述了聚烯烃纳米复合材料的优点、使用价值和近年来国内外聚烯烃纳米复合材料的研究进展，并介绍了无机粒子／聚烯烃复合材料和粘土／聚烯烃复合材料，重点阐述了粘土与聚乙烯、聚丙烯纳米复合材料的制备方法及粘土／聚烯烃纳米复合材料插层热力学分析，对目前聚烯烃纳米复合材料存在问题及发展前景进行了探讨。     

Healthy Investments in Investing in Health

This article discusses socially responsible investing (SRI) and tobacco. SRI allows investors, both institutional and individual, to express their concerns and make their social and ethical stands known to the companies they invest in and patronize. The tobacco industry is active in every country on the globe and generates huge profits, while tobacco use is responsible for 4 million deaths every year.The authors explore past and current views on investment in tobacco, partly based on a survey conducted by the Tobacco Free Initiative of the World Health Organization (WHO). There is clearly a trend toward divestment from tobacco for both ethical and financial reasons. Tobacco-free investments can be both ethically sound and financially profitable.     

Developments in Consumer Protection in India

This paper surveys the major developments in the field of consumer protection in India since 1984, when the statutory provisions for regulating unfair trade practices were incorporated for the first time.Among the developments described in the paper is the strengthening of provisions for consumer protection through amendments to the Act regulating restrictive and monopolistic trade practices (the MTRP Act). Public-sector undertakings and co-operative societies have been brought within the purview of the Act, and consumers have obtained the right to participate in inquiry proceedings before the MRTP Commission.Consumers and their associations have been given the right to seek redress of grievances arising out of the violation of certain pieces of legislation, including the Drugs and Cosmetics Act. The Consumer Protection Act, 1986, was enacted in order to provide speedy and inexpensive redress of consumers' grievances. Redress can now be sought before any consumer court also for negligence or deficiency in medical services.The Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986, has strengthened the measures for the standardisation and quality control of manufactured goods.A Consumer Welfare Fund has been set up to provide financial assistance to voluntary consumer organisations and for the general development of consumer movement in the country. A spurt in voluntary consumer organisations in different parts of the country can also be observed.Other developments include the establishment of a separate Department of Consumer Affairs in the Union Government and the setting up of a Consumer Product Testing Laboratory.     

关于我国资产证券化若干问题的探讨

资产证券化是一项复杂的金融工具创新,引进和实施这种新型的融资工具需要大量的配套工作。我国实施资产证券化需要解决特设机构的设立、基础资产的选择、破产隔离、信用增级、会计处理、税收政策以及立法和监管等方面的问题。     

Economic Keywords in 2007 in China

RMB exchange rate The exchange rate of Renminbi,the Chinese currency, witnessed an appreciation of around six percent to one U.S. dollar this year. On December 13, the central parity rate stood at RMB 7.3568 against one dollar,according to the Chinese Foreign Exchange Trading System, breaking the 7.36 mark.     

Conflict in Supplier–Retailer Relationships in the Brewery Industry in Cameroon

The authors develop a theoretical framework to explain conflict in supplier–retailer relationships. In addition to traditional influence strategy variables, the framework links conflict to retailer dependence and supplier formalization. The framework is empirically tested in the Cameroonian brewery industry. The findings support the view that channel conflict is inversely related to retailer dependence and supplier formalization. Contrary to expectations, the use of noncoercive influence strategies (information exchange and recommendations) has no significant effect on conflict, while, as expected, the use of coercive influence strategies (threats and promises) increases conflict.     

粤北山区砖园仓储粮机械通风应用研究

在砖园仓机械通风应用试验中,正确运用理论计算,精确得出通风技术数据,依此设计通风系统,结果表明：在实仓运行中,检测的主要技术参数和设计值基本相符,经136h通风,粮温从38℃降至13℃,吨粮降温耗电0.011℃,降温好、电耗低,证明设计方法正确,符合南方稻谷产区,解决了基层普遍存在的砖园仓机械通风盲目设计问题,为规范设计作出了示范,验证了粮层压力正确计算方法。     

Recent advances in reinforcement learning in finance

The rapid changes in the finance industry due to the increasing amount of data have revolutionized the techniques on data processing and data analysis and brought new theoretical and computational challenges. In contrast to classical stochastic control theory and other analytical approaches for solving financial decision-making problems that heavily reply on model assumptions, new developments from reinforcement learning (RL) are able to make full use of the large amount of financial data with fewer model assumptions and to improve decisions in complex financial environments. This survey paper aims to review the recent developments and use of RL approaches in finance. We give an introduction to Markov decision processes, which is the setting for many of the commonly used RL approaches. Various algorithms are then introduced with a focus on value- and policy-based methods that do not require any model assumptions. Connections are made with neural networks to extend the framework to encompass deep RL algorithms. We then discuss in detail the application of these RL algorithms in a variety of decision-making problems in finance, including optimal execution, portfolio optimization, option pricing and hedging, market making, smart order routing, and robo-advising. Our survey concludes by pointing out a few possible future directions for research.     

2007年网络营销五大趋势

到今年3月份．中国互联网在商业领域的应用已经整整十年。这十年间尤其是后五年，网络技术的发展为网络营销提供了越来越大的探索空间．2007年的网络营销蓬勃发展的态势无疑可以用”井喷“来形容。任何媒体的发展都需要有大事件来激活，以使其能量深度激发，而07年及07后可以成为引发网络营销全面跃升的大事件，毫无疑问是奥运会。所以．在探讨2007年的网络营销趋势时，站在体育营销的基点才不会迷失方向．除此之外也会有一些新的趋势。     

Determinanten der Verweildauer in Arbeitslosigkeit in Deutschland

Die hohe und andauernde Arbeitslosigkeit geh?rt zu den dringendsten wirtschaftspolitischen Problemen in Deutschland. Ist die Fixierung auf die absolute H?he der Arbeitslosigkeit berechtigt? Welche Rolle spielen die Str?me und Bewegungen auf dem Arbeitsmarkt? Welches sind die Determinanten der Verweildauer in Arbeitslosigkeit?     

Trends in Executive Education in Business Marketing

ABSTRACT

Business marketers in the 21st century are grappling with the harsh, tough demands of a consolidated customer base, rapid product and service commoditization, complex channel structures, and hyper-competition in a rapidly evolving, information-intensive global economy. Across the globe, firms concerned with developing managerial talent to respond to these trends are demanding and expecting changes in the executive education programs offered by business schools. We consider in this paper a number of recent trends and changes in customer expectations, program format, content development and delivery, and program marketing that we have observed in executive education in the field of business marketing.     

Organizational cynicism in multinational corporations in China

Organizational cynicism is a pejorative attitude toward the employing organization induced by mistrust, disillusion, and various negative experiences. Based on cognitive dissonance theory we develop and test a theoretical model of how perceived cultural differences lead to organizational cynicism which in turn results in greater turnover intentions among host country nationals (HCN) employed in foreign subsidiaries of multinational corporations. Furthermore, we argue that the negative effect of perceived cultural differences can be mitigated by localization, i.e. replacement of expatriates by local staff. Survey results from HCN employees in foreign subsidiaries in China confirm the expected relationships.     

Injuries in different socio-economic groups in Finland

Introduction. Suicides are a hidden and unrecognized epidemic in the Indian region, affecting predominantly younger age groups. Information on causative risk factors and mechanisms is not available in the country, which is crucial for designing intervention programmes.

Objectives. To identify and quantify risk factors for completed suicides in the city of Bangalore.

Methods. A case–control study was conducted with the families of 269 completed suicides and 269 living controls within the broader population of the city using psychological autopsy methods.

Results. The study has shown that several factors in the areas of family, marriage, education, occupation, general health, mental health and absence of protective factors contribute significantly for suicides. The cumulative and repetitive interaction of several factors in a complex manner results in suicides. The significant factors were presence of previous suicidal attempt in self (odds ratio (OR) = 42.62), interpersonal conflicts and marital disharmony with spouse (OR = 27.98), alcoholism in self (OR = 23.38), presence of a mental illness (OR = 11.07), sudden economic bankruptcy (OR = 7.1), domestic violence (OR = 6.82) and unemployment (OR = 6.15). Individuals completing suicides did not have a positive outlook towards life, problem-solving approaches and coping skills.

Conclusion. The observed findings are at variance with suicidal causation in the West in some areas operating in a different sociocultural and economic environment. The intervention strategies should include prioritized macro and micro level efforts aimed at individual, family and society.     

河南农村金融改革初探

河南省农业现代化发展亟需金融支持,但是正规金融体系支农服务不到位、民间资本支农服务渠道不顺畅、农村资产入市缺乏盘活机制。推动农村金融改革,河南省政府应以农村产权制度改革为重点,积极推进改革试点工作,大力发展农村金融市场;完善农村金融组织体系,加快农村金融产品创新;加大金融惠农支持政策,提高农村金融服务水平;构建与河南省情相适应的多层次、多元化农村金融体系,使金融业成为推动河南农村经济发展的主要动力,实现农村金融改革的稳定有序发展。     

Surveillance-based injury epidemiology in schools in Germany

The two objectives of this article are: a) to describe the German School Injury Surveillance System and b) to determine major trends and patterns of different school-associated injury indicators. The database covers all children and adolescents from nursery school through university during their time at school and day care, including their way to and from school. Presently, this results in 17.5 million insured young persons, or 21.2% of the German general population. The surveillance system includes two main informational sources: school accident and medical accident reports.In 2003 over 1.5 million school-related injuries received medical attention in Germany. This is an incidence rate of about 86 injuries per 1000 students. Between 1975 and 2003, the mortality rate declined from 23.4 to 7.7 per million. This is a drop of 67% in about 30 years.     

Willingness-to-engage in technology transfer in industry-university collaborations

Formal collaboration between universities and industries is a recent phenomenon. Currently the role of an industry-university collaboration (IUC) is to close the gap between industry and academia. This study aims to analyze the willingness to engage in technology transfer (TT) in IUCs from the three vantage points of the technology transferor (university), the technology transferee (industry), and the TT intermediary institute. This study mainly observes the pairwise relationships between influencing variables and sub-variables and willingness to participate in TT in an IUC. From the vantage point of universities, this study shows that the “transferor's incentive” and “capability of transferor” variables positively influence willingness to participate in TT in an IUC. From the vantage point of industry, the results indicate that “capability of transferee” and “incentive for establishing technological resources” have major influences on willingness to participate in TT in an IUC. From the vantage point of TT intermediary institutes, the results show that “intermediary's fundamental resources” and “intermediary's transferring process” have a positive impact on willingness to participate in TT in an IUC.     

西部开发中的EPD教育问题

EPD教育是人口、环境、健康与发展教育的总称。本文重点论述了EPD教育的概念、内容和目的 ,提出在西部开发规划中 ,应同时启动EPD教育的意义 ,同时 ,对西部开发中EPD教育的可行性做了初步的分析     

National differences in telecommunications R&D in Europe

The isolation of national telecommunications markets in the past has meant that pronounced differences remain among the R&D systems operating in the countries of the European Community. The intended opening up of public procurement markets by the end of 1992 could therefore lead to substantial distortions of competition among equipment manufacturers if considerable structural changes do not take place.