基于区块链技术的供应链金融创新研究——以平安银行为例

基于对等传输,分布式账本,非对称加密,共识机制,智能合约等区块链技术的核心技术,重点研究了供应链金融的痛点问题,研究了供应链金融的发展和区块链技术驱动的供应链金融创新。首先,通过分析供应链金融业务的特征和区块链的技术特征,发现两者具有高度的匹配度;其次,利用区块链技术优化供应链的业务和信息互连,通过相关的信贷问题解决融资,提高监管,降低风险等,挖掘区块链技术的技术路径,解决供应链的障碍金融发展,并以平安银行为例探究区块链技术在供应链金融中的应用;最后得出结论。     

基于区块链技术的供应链金融分析

随着全球贸易和经济的不断发展,供应链金融也逐渐成为金融行业的热门领域。而区块链技术的出现,则为供应链金融的发展带来了更多的可能性。基于区块链技术的供应链金融,可以有效地改善传统供应链金融所面临的问题,如信息不对称、交易成本高、融资难等。对基于区块链技术的供应链金融进行分析,对于促进供应链金融的发展、推动金融行业的创新具有重要的意义。本文对区块链技术在供应链金融中的具体应用进行分析,探讨区块链技术在供应链金融应用中存在的问题,最后深入探究基于区块链技术的供应链金融模式,旨在为我国相关技术的发展提供参考。     

刍议基于区块链的供应链金融风险防范机制构建

文章探讨了基于区块链技术构建供应链金融风险防范机制的可行性和必要性,首先,介绍了供应链金融的基本概念和发展现状;其次,分析了当前供应链金融面临的风险问题及其原因;然后,阐述了区块链技术的基本原理和应用场景,并提出了基于区块链技术构建供应链金融风险防范机制的实现途径;最后,通过案例分析和模拟实验,验证了该机制的可行性和有效性,证明了基于区块链技术的供应链金融风险防范机制具有广阔的应用前景和推广价值。     

区块链技术下供应链节点间信任问题研究

随着《关于积极推进供应链创新与应用的指导意见》的贯彻落实,供应链已经深入国民经济和社会发展的各方面,但供应链节点间信任问题日益突出。同时,区块链技术的迅速发展,为解决供应链节点间信任问题提供了可能。在介绍区块链及其功能的基础上,构建供应链节点信任问题模型,比较应用区块链前后供应链整体绩效变化,发现基于区块链技术能促进供应链节点信息共享,降低信用成本。     

基于区块链技术的电子商务供应链管理系统研究

本文对区块链技术的电子商务供应链管理系统进行了探讨,文章从阐述传统供应链管理中存在的难题入手,进一步介绍了区块链的特点以及区块链在电子商务供应链管理中的优势,最后提出了基于区块链技术的电子商务供应链管理系统建设途径,并结合该技术在供应链管理中的实践案例展开了研究。随着信息时代的到来,许多先进科技产品及设备得以诞生,区块链作为现代经济形势下的一种新产物,也在市场经济尤其是电子商务领域得到了广泛的关注与大量的运用。     

区块链技术推动中小微企业参与供应链金融

区块链技术近年来快速发展,带动了供应链金融的快速发展。区块链技术在供应链金融中的应用大大改变了市场中交易活动的形式,或许能根本性改善中小企业目前面临的困境,帮助中小微企业参与供应链金融。本文对中小企业当下面临的融资困境及区块链在供应链金融中的应用进行了分析,具体阐述了以区块链为技术基础的供应链金融,希望对中小微企业参与市场活动有促进作用。     

区块链在供应链金融的运用

在科技的发展支持下,我国区块链技术开发和应用得到了快速地发展,特别是供应链金融的出现和发展成为区块链商业化发展最为关键的一环,拥有广阔的发展前景,且能够在一定程度上缓解中小企业融资难的问题。为此,文章在阐述区块链和供应链金融内涵的基础上,分析区块链技术在供应链金融领域的应用现状,并为如何优化区块链在供应链金融中的应用进行策略分析,旨在能够更好地促进社会经济发展。     

区块链技术对具有CSR投入的再制造供应链的影响

针对消费者对再制造产品的质量存在不确定性和企业社会责任信息不透明问题,考虑引入区块链技术,构建由单个零部件供应商、原始制造商和进行企业社会责任投入的再制造商组成的再制造供应链博弈模型,通过逆向求解法分别得到不使用区块链技术和使用区块链技术两种场景下供应链各参与方的均衡解和期望利润。进一步对比分析两种场景下的均衡解和期望利润,得到区块链技术的使用对商品价格、需求量及各参与方和整个供应链的期望利润的影响。研究发现：整体上区块链技术的使用会降低新产品的需求,增加再造品的需求,使新产品的需求向再造品转移。另外,对再制造商和整个供应链来说,区块链技术的使用总是有利的;对零部件供应商和原始制造商来说,只有再制造商不进行社会责任投入,区块链技术仅提供再造品质量信息,并在质量方差满足一定条件时,才有动机使用区块链技术。研究结论对区块链技术赋能具有企业社会责任投入的再制造供应链具有重要指导意义。     

基于区块链背景的供应链金融创新分析

区块链作为一项新兴技术,可以为供应链金融提供更加便利的服务,强化供应链结构的信用创新机制。从区块链的概念和本质出发,研究区块链在供应链金融的发展概况,分析在运用过程中遇到的瓶颈,并进一步优化改善措施。     

区块链技术在食品供应链领域的应用研究

区块链技术在信息公开、透明、共享和安全方面的特性与优势,成为改变食品供应链关系、重塑食品生态系统以及解决食品安全问题的根本性手段。 文章结合物联网技术,利用区块链数据的可追溯特性和时间戳技术建立食品供应链区块链信息共享平台监控系统,实现对食品供应链环节的全程监控,从源头保证食品来源的真实性。     

流通主导型水产加工食品供应链模式与应用

水产品精深加工是国际水产业的基本发展趋势,也是我国水产业转型升级的重要战略举措。水产加工食品的安全问题已不单是现代食品加工技术和水产加工企业社会责任的问题,而是需要从供应链的整体角度予以分析和规划。鉴于水产加工食品供应链在产品、生产和流通三个维度的特殊属性,流通段落具有主导供应链管理的特殊优势,有利于突破传统的生产主导型供应链模式的应用瓶颈。流通主导型供应链在水产加工食品领域的应用模式,包括现代批发商主导的有效型供应链、大型零售商主导的反应型供应链以及第四方物流主导的虚拟供应链等。     

Blockchain in Additive Manufacturing and its Impact on Supply Chains

Additive manufacturing (AM) appears to be a particularly attractive use case for blockchain. This research combines inductive in‐depth interviews with the Delphi method to explore what potentials blockchain technology in AM creates, which adoption barriers firms need to overcome, and how supply chains will be affected by the integration of these two potentially disruptive technologies. The results suggest opportunities that are related to intellectual property (IP) rights management, the monitoring of printed parts throughout their lifecycle, process improvements, and data security. The most important barriers for blockchain adoption in AM are an absence of blockchain‐skilled specialists on the labor market, missing governance mechanisms, and a lack of firm‐internal technical expertise. By addressing important limitations of AM, blockchain is expected to improve the competitiveness of AM in parts’ production, catalyzing the trend toward more decentralized manufacturing resulting in more agile, resilient, and flexible supply chains and reduced logistics costs. Beyond that, blockchain‐based AM platforms are expected to enhance supply chain visibility, drive supply chain digitalization, support supply chain finance, and contribute to the emergence of shared factory systems.     

Understanding Managers’ Reactions to Blockchain Technologies in the Supply Chain: The Reliable and Unbiased Software Agent

Organizations investing in supply chain information systems struggle to ensure successful adoption and implementation. Projects fail because of technical caveats, inability to meet business needs, and poor management of implementation. Implementation of blockchain technologies across a network of supply chain partners is more complex than internally focused technologies. It is necessary for partner firms to implement, contribute, and share information, and employees to actively use the capabilities of the technology to realize potential. Blockchain technologies can substitute for traditional interfirm intermediaries acting as an unbiased software agent embedded in the supply chain network. Understanding managers’ perceptions of and willingness to use blockchain technologies is crucial for successful implementation. Integrating design theory with classic diffusion processes, we conducted a scenario‐based role‐playing experiment with industry professionals to examine managers’ perceptions of blockchain technologies and willingness to use. We find that trustworthiness with regard to competence and perceived distributive justice is the focal drivers of managers’ willingness to use the technology. Additionally, both risk and interactional justice are not drivers of willingness to use blockchain technology despite significant claims to that effect. We provide implications for how managers can leverage these drivers to influence supply chain partners’ willingness to use the technology.     

海关与跨境供应链合规领域的区块链创新

来自不同国家多方参与者的信息交互造成跨境供应链数据缺乏透明度和可视性,信息协同程度较低,增大了跨境供应链合规风险。由于区块链具有数据不可篡改、不易伪造、可追溯、可审计等特点,已有海关和企业将其创新应用于跨境供应链合规领域以实现供应链信息协同。根据该领域主要区块链试点应用情况,从主导者选择、标准化、法律问题、效率与可拓展性四个方面分析了区块链应用于跨境供应链合规领域仍需解决的问题和所面临的挑战,并提出了应用区块链创新的建议。     

The Struggle is Real: Insights from a Supply Chain Blockchain Case

Despite the anticipated benefits and the numerous announcements of pilot cases, we have seen very few successful implementations of blockchain technology (BCT) solutions in supply chains. Little is empirically known about the obstacles to blockchain adoption, particularly in a supply chain's interorganizational setting. In supply chains, blockchains' benefits, for example, BCT‐based tracking and tracing, are dependent on a critical mass of supply chain actors adopting the technology. While previous research has mainly been conceptual and has lacked both theory and empirical data, we propose a theory‐based model for interorganizational adoption of BCT. We use the proposed model to analyze a unique in‐depth revelatory case study. Our case study confirms previous conceptual work and reveals a paradox as well as several tensions between drivers for and against (positive and negative determining factors, respectively) of BCT adoption that must be managed in an interorganizational setting. In this vertical context, the adoption and integration decision of one supply chain actor recursively affects the adoption and integration decisions of the other supply chain actors. This paper contributes midrange theory on BCT in supply chain management (SCM), future research directions, and managerial insights on BCT adoption in supply chains.     

Tortoise,not the hare: Digital transformation of supply chain business processes

With the rapid development of digital technologies, many supply chain professionals are wondering how to move forward. Three technologies are poised to change supply chain business processes: robotic process automation (RPA), artificial intelligence (AI)/machine learning (ML) and blockchain. Based on interviews with supply chain professionals in 14 large, mature manufacturing and service organizations, we outline the promise of each technology and forecast their broad-scale adoption potential. Organizations should take the following measures to ensure their readiness to adopt and effectively use one or more of these technologies: (1) identify a supply chain technology visionary who can lead through the maze of technologies and the changing digital landscape, (2) develop a digital technology roadmap for their supply chain processes, and (3) update foundational information systems.     

Blockchain technology for enhancing supply chain resilience

With the soaring value of bitcoin and frenzy over cryptocurrency, the blockchain technology that sparked the bitcoin revolution has received heightened attention from both practitioners and academics. Blockchain technology often causes controversies surrounding its application potential and business ramifications. The blockchain is a peer-to-peer network of information technology that keeps records of digital asset transactions using distributed ledgers that are free from control by intermediaries such as banks and governments. Thus, it can mitigate risks associated with intermediaries’ interventions, including hacking, compromised privacy, vulnerability to political turmoil, costly compliance with government rules and regulation, instability of financial institutions, and contractual disputes. This article unlocks the mystique of blockchain technology and discusses ways to leverage blockchain technology to enhance supply chain resilience in times of increased risks and uncertainty.     

Mind the gap: Tech-based dispute resolutions in global supply blockchains

Blockchain, a type of distributed ledger technology (DLT), can be used for supply chain and is commonly discussed among distribution giants and small players. Blockchain’s actual and perceived benefits, in addition to track-and-trace mandates from regulatory bodies, have driven these discussions. However, there is no mention of how existing dispute resolution processes have been overhauled in favor of blockchain smart contracts, which can be used to manage and resolve disputes. This conversation gap is critical as trust will erode if supply chain partners cannot settle disputes adequately. We highlight the importance of supply chain DLT management and suggest tactics for resolving the inevitable disputes that arise with disparate information. These guidelines, including adopting portable and enforceable contractual terms and a standardized dispute resolution process, can have practical applications beyond blockchain.     

How does the retailing industry decide the best replenishment strategy by utilizing technological support through blockchain?

Practitioners face two significant issues: product inaccuracy and transparency in supply chain management. Blockchain is a highly secure and trustworthy means of storing data. Radio frequency identification incorporation is essential if reliability is at a low level. Incorporating radio frequency identification can improve supply chain management in terms of product's visibility for the best replenishment strategy. A production and replenishment coordination via mathematical modeling is visualized through a three-echelon supply chain with a non-reliable production process, and the retailer deals with misplacement issues. The manufacturer handles the inventory flowing reversely and is responsible for proper end-of-life treatment, either repairing or remanufacturing. Repairs are sold in bulk on the secondary market, and remanufactured items are used to prevent retailers' shortages. In this model, radio frequency identification technology on the physical surface is combined with a blockchain on the cyber surface, containing all the information about the product, including its location and attributes. A comparative study is provided for the traditional supply chain with misplacement versus a blockchain-based supply chain with radio frequency identification. An analytical approach is used to arrive at the optimum policy for the practitioners, and numerical analysis illustrates the problem. Numerical experiments indicate that the technology is highly profitable for supply chain management. Radio frequency identification technology can increase profit by up to 61%. After discrepancy, holding cost is the second most sensitive parameter for the profit function. If the holding cost is higher, profit can be increased by 40% using radio frequency identification and blockchain. The negative effect of misplacement is reduced with an increasing demand rate, but the reduction rate is very slow. The choice of not adopting radio frequency identification can only be successful if demand is so high that it can reduce the effect of misplacement.     

区块链在农产品流通中的应用模式与实施

区块链技术具有信息共享、数据真实安全、信息与凭证可追溯、智能合约等特征,与农产品流通需求存在多重耦合,有助于解决农产品流通中的痛点问题,并在农产品流通中得以局部应用。不过,区块链技术在农产品流通领域的应用尚处于起步阶段,存在全产业链应用整合程度较低、数据共享与可靠性未能完全实现、农业融资区块链落地难等一系列问题。目前具备可实现条件的农产品流通领域的区块链项目,一是跨境农产品交易联盟链,能够提高交易的公平性和透明度,降低交易风险,可由核心企业、产业基金、信息技术企业等主体共同参与开发,并建立上下游产业协同关系;二是跨境农产品物流联盟链,能够实现物流全程可控与费用自动结算,需要在行业内部增强互信并建立协调与激励机制,同时融合应用多种信息技术;三是农产品溯源联盟链,能够实现从生产源头直到消费者的农产品溯源,而为确保全链共查共享和监管,需要通过制度设计来赋予链上各方信任,应用多种技术、借助线上线下共同作用来防止一切造假;四是高效传递价值的农业融资区块链,其基于智能合约的融资征信与自动履约功能可有效满足农业融资需求,降低征信成本,需要建立风险控制制度、信用自证的认证标准、技术体系以及金融业内部技术业务标准,以实现征信信息跨链共享。农产品流通领域任何区块链具体项目的实施都要遵循严谨的实施步骤,依次是判断适用性、开展区块链培训、构思理论模型、寻找内外部资源合作、开发原型和项目实施。