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1.
Primary data from 262 pastoral households in Inner Mongolia are analyzed to determine the effects of a subsidy for grassland protection on livestock numbers, grazing intensity, and herders’ income. Econometric models are estimated to determine the effects of the subsidy on each component of the intensity ratio (sheep-equivalent livestock units and grassland). Results suggest the subsidy increased the quantity of grassland controlled by the household. However, the effects on livestock units are mixed, with two of the four studied prefectures (Ordos and Ulanqab) showing a positive response, and two (Hulunbuir and Xilingol) showing a negative response. Inserting the parameter estimates from the livestock, grassland, and income functions into a structural model of grazing intensity, results suggest each 1% increase in subsidy reduces grazing intensity by between 0.168% and 0.532% depending on the prefecture, and increases herders’ income by between 0.144% and 0.670%. By way of comparison, each additional year of education increases herders’ income by 8.7% and reduces grazing intensity by 3.6%. Thus, education is not to be overlooked as a policy tool for achieving conservation goals.  相似文献   

2.
应用广义数据包络分析(G-DEA)方法,对内蒙古12个盟市2000~2012年的林业生产效率进行了测算和评价。经测算,中西部盟市的林业生产综合效率和纯技术效率比东部区盟市的要高;从2000年开始,林业生产的综合效率和技术效率经历了一个逐步降低到平稳发展的过程。最后,在从林业生产的区域特点、林分构成、林业政策等方面分析测算结果基础上,提出建议:在制定林业生产政策时,要考虑各盟市的区域生态特点及林业生产状况。东部地区应该以森林抚育、树种更新为基本目标,发展珍贵苗木及林下经济;中西部地区,应以荒漠化治理和生态建设为主。  相似文献   

3.
    
This paper contributes to the growing literature on land use policies designed to prevent livestock overgrazing. It offers a straightforward factor-income approach to calculating payments for ecosystem services (PES) to livestock producers who reduce or suspend grazing for the purpose of grassland restoration. Our approach requires only cross-sectional farm-level accounting data and is thus feasible where policies have either not yet been applied or specialized data is sparse, as is common in many developing regions. We apply and validate this approach with empirical analysis of sheep and goat herders in the Ulanqab prefecture in Inner Mongolia, China where herders currently receive payments in exchange for reduced grazing intensity on vulnerable land. However, observed stocking rates are still commonly higher than recommended. Our results suggest payments are currently insufficient to offset the financial loss incurred by herders who reduce their grazing intensity, a finding consistent with previous studies. Using an approach we refer to as the factor-income method, we estimate and validate new levels of recommended payments. This demonstrates how future payments could be tailored to meet the financial needs of individual herding communities using basic farm-level data.  相似文献   

4.
国家地质公园发展速度迅速,近年来暴露出其管理体制和运营模式的多种不足之处。通过对内蒙古赤峰市地质(矿山)公园管理体制与建设现状调研,分析赤峰市域范围内所有地质(矿山)公园在公园管理、资金使用、运营等方面的问题,提出适合其长远发展的管理及运营建议。在此基础上,尝试性地探究了适合国家地质公园发展的管理及运营模式。  相似文献   

5.
[目的]荒漠化是内蒙古最为严重的生态环境问题之一,结合自然和人为因素数据分析其荒漠化的驱动力,同时探讨水土保持措施,以期为内蒙古荒漠化治理提供一定的指导。[方法]通过皮尔森相关系数法分析内蒙古地区自然因素和人为因素与荒漠化的密切程度及相关性方向。[结果]蒸发量与荒漠化显著正相关,是荒漠化的主要自然驱动力。人为因素中人口在1980~2000年与荒漠化显著正相关,在该时间段内是内蒙古主要的人为驱动力;GDP在1900~2010年与荒漠化极显著正相关,在该时间段内是内蒙古主要的人为驱动力;牲畜数量在1980~1990年与荒漠化显著正相关,在该时间段内是内蒙古主要的人为驱动力。此外,在降水量相对较高的半干旱及半湿润地区选取适宜的植被,在降雨量极少且蒸发量高的干旱半干旱荒漠化区域采用节水灌溉起到水土保持的作用。[结论]内蒙古荒漠化是自然因素和人为因素共同作用的结果,探讨其主要的驱动力,并结合内蒙古的区域特点,促进其荒漠化的进一步治理。  相似文献   

6.
通过单因素和正交试验研究了蓝靛果忍冬(Loniceracaerulea)在内蒙古东北部高海拔地区的扦插繁育技术。结果表明:最佳处理组合为混合基质(珍珠岩:草炭=1:1)、复合激素(IBA:=1:1)浓度300ppm、速蘸时间4s,生产操作时采用速蘸2s的操作可获得最高的效率。蓝靛果忍冬扦插的平均生根率可达到85%以上,最高可达到94.5%,苗木平均高度当年秋季可达到45cm以上。  相似文献   

7.
    
Grassland rental markets function as a venue for balancing production factors of herder households. This paper jointly determines the socioeconomic factors affecting herders’ grassland rent-in and rent-out behaviors by applying Bivariate Probit Model with clustering standard errors on 422 households’ data from Eastern Inner Mongolia. Results reveal that imbalances in “people-grassland (grass)-livestock-productive assets” are the major determinants of the herder households’ participation in grassland rental markets. Given other factors, an increase of 10 thousand yuan in a household’ productive assets renders an increase/decrease in their rent-in/rent-out participation likelihood by 1.0% and 2.0%, respectively; an increase of 100 standard sheep unit may bring about 4% increase in rent-in participation and 0.6% decrease in rent-out participation; an increase of 100 hm2 in hayfields may decrease and increase the likelihood of rent-in and rent-out participation by 13% and 3%, respectively; an increase of 1.0% in ratio of non-livestock income may decrease propensity of rent-in by 0.34%, and increase propensity of rent-out by 0.2%. In addition, the education and Chinese level of household head, and the available family labor encourage participation in grassland rent-in market. Main findings help facilitate better allocation of herders’ livelihood assets by participating the functional grassland rental markets.  相似文献   

8.
目前内蒙古农业现代化正由起步阶段步入农业现代化快速发展阶段。通过与全国现代农业发展水平的定量比较,分析判断目前内蒙古现代农业发展水平与全国平均水平基本一致,2003~2008年内蒙古现代农业综合发展速度比全国平均速度快1.28个百分点。内蒙古农业现代化发展应该在协调推进农业现代化、农村工业化和城镇化的前提下,实施\"收缩集中,集约发展\"战略。  相似文献   

9.
切实加强林区生态保护,转变林区发展方式,从以生产木材为主向以保护生态为主转变,必须走出一条在保护中发展、在发展中保护的林区发展之路。阐述了发展森林经济的概念、必然性、原则、发展方式,提出了林区发展森林经济要树立现代工业化的经营理念,要注重人才培养,加强森林文化研究,要融入地方经济的发展等措施。  相似文献   

10.
The issue of what to promote in total factor productivity (TFP) in urban areas has been widely discussed in academia and housing prices and population density are confirmed to be two of the most essential driving factors. However, research into the interaction of housing prices and population density with TFP has been neglected, with no previous studies taking spatial factors into consideration, which may bias the results. From this perspective, using spatial panel data models and employing instrumental variables to solve the endogenous problem, this study examines the impact of housing prices on TFP through the mediating effect of population density for 283 Chinese cities during the period 2000–2013, and confirms that the mediating effect accounts for 18.70 % of the total effect. The results show the positive and significant association of housing prices with TFP and the inverted U-shape of population density. The underlying logic is that housing prices change population density by attracting people with high purchasing power and discouraging those unable to afford housing, whereas increased density helps to promote productivity since the settled inhabitants always have highly developed work skills and are well educated. The influencing mechanism of housing prices on TFP through population density is analyzed, namely the spillover effect. We find that the spillover effect exists in the eastern and central regions, as well as first, second, and third tier cities, while for western regions and fifth tier cities, population mobility and increased in housing prices slows their economic development. There is no evidence of any spillover effect in fourth tier cities. A discussion and suggested policy implications are also provided.  相似文献   

11.
内蒙古玉米干旱风险区划方法研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
针对目前内蒙古地区农业保险业的现实需求,特别是农业可持续发展、农业防灾减灾等的重大科技需求,急需开展农业气象灾害影响评估技术服务,实现对农业气象灾害风险的定量分析和动态评估。为了填补内蒙古干旱风险区划研究的空白,文章针对内蒙古玉米的作物特性进行研究,利用119个气象站点1960~2013年的温度、降水、日照、相对湿度、风速等观测资料,综合考虑了致灾因子和承载体的地域特性,建立了内蒙古玉米气候区划、气象干旱、农业干旱、气候生产潜力、气候适宜性5个方面的干旱风险评估指标。利用GIS的空间分析功能,对各指标进行重分类和叠置分析,确定内蒙古玉米干旱风险动态评估分级指标体系,对内蒙古2011~2013年玉米干旱进行了风险评估模拟。评估结果与内蒙古2011~2013年玉米实际年景十分相符,证明了该风险区划方法在内蒙古地区的可行性,可以为有关部门控制农业气象灾害的发生、防御或减轻灾害对农业生产的危害、制定救灾措施、农业灾害保险政策、进行风险转移提供科学依据,进而最大限度地减轻灾害造成的不利影响。  相似文献   

12.
[目的]现代农业发展是新时代背景下我国社会经济发展到一定阶段的必然选择,通过对内蒙古自治区现代农业发展水平进行评价分析,能够为其今后社会经济发展和精准扶贫提供更为有效的理论依据。[方法]以内蒙古自治区为例,构建基于熵值-TOPSIS模型的现代农业发展评价体系,通过分析2010—2018年内蒙古自治区现代农业发展总体得分值变化趋势和达标率变化趋势,评价该区域现代农业发展水平,同时结合资源指标、经济指标、科技指标和可持续发展指标等多指标要素综合分析,探究内蒙古自治区现代农业发展水平影响因素。[结果](1)2010—2018年内蒙古自治区现代农业总体发展水平呈现上升趋势,整体发展态势较好。(2)内蒙古自治区现代农业发展资源指标、经济指标、科技指标和可持续发展指标均有较大幅度提升,但仍需进一步加强各指标的投入,尤其是科技指标的投入。[结论]内蒙古自治区现代农业发展要实现进一步发展,需要加大各指标投入,加强现代农业发展支持力度,实现该区域现代农业高效可持续发展。  相似文献   

13.
[目的]立足于草原牧区的贷款现状,以家庭为单位,探究牧户贷款偿还率的影响因素,为如何提高牧户贷款偿还率提供一些思考和建议。[方法]文章基于内蒙古草原牧区的调研数据,采用双截尾Tobit模型,分析牧户贷款偿还率的影响因素。[结果]牧户家庭人口数、距主干道路距离、年度支出、贷款金额和贷款利率因素与牧户贷款偿还率具有显著的负相关; 牧户拥有的草场面积、活羊价值、活牛价值和年度收入因素与牧户贷款偿还率正相关; 而户主的年龄、性别、文化水平、机械设备价值和房屋价值因素对牧户贷款偿还率影响不显著。[结论]为提升牧户贷款偿还率,提出如下建议:倡导牧户有计划地合理安排生产性支出和生活性支出,在生产与消费之间、生活与发展之间建立良性循环关系; 多举措降低贷款利率,减轻牧户部分利息负担; 在发挥传统牧业优势的同时,创造现代牧业优势并提高市场份额,发挥传统优质产品在现代经济中的溢出效应以提升牧户收入。  相似文献   

14.
Land greening in China is regarded as contributing a great deal to greening of the Earth. The phenomenon is mainly attributed to climate change, arising atmospheric CO2 and ‘Grain for Green’ (GFG) land management policies. However, limited knowledge is known how much land greening is from contributions of the GFG practice. Therefore, the study took the typical region of the GFG practice, the Loess Plateau, as the study area, and used 1982–2015 satellite-observed GIMMS3g normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data, ERA-Interim climatic variables (precipitation, temperature and solar radiation) and atmospheric CO2 concentration data with the help of a developed TPRC-based NDVI model to derive GFG-induced NDVI after 1999. Furthermore, this study tracked the spatial-temporal dynamics of GFG-induced NDVI and assessed contributions of the GFG practice to regional vegetation changes. Results showed that satellite-observed NDVI and TPRC-based NDVI both exhibited an increasing spatial pattern from the northwestern to southeastern Loess Plateau, but their greening trends were separately 0.0022 and 0.0009 per year in 1982–2015 (p < 0.05). Note that the satellite-observed greening trend was much steeper with a slope of 0.0056 per year after 2006 (p < 0.05). The subsequent analyses documented that GFG-induced land greening were largely responsible for the steep trend. In space, evident greening patterns began to be observed in the central Loess Plateau from 2006 to 2008, afterwards expanded towards eastern and southwestern Loess Plateau. In 2011–2015, the increase magnitude of GFG-induced land greening in the Loess Plateau averagely accounted for 8.5 % in comparison to estimated TPRC-based NDVI, but in six natural zones were various, ranging from 3.2%–15.7%. In some regions of central Loess Plateau, GFG-induced NDVI contributed even more than 20 % to vegetation increase. This study highlights that land use management contributes more to land greening dynamics over the Loess Plateau compared to climate change and arising atmospheric CO2 concentration. These findings likely provide some valuable information for curbing or enhancing specific-location vegetation changes in future regional land management and planning.  相似文献   

15.
基于Heckman模型的牧户草原流转决策研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
[目的]探析草原流转决策的影响因素,从而推动草原有序流转,进而实现牧业提效、牧民增收和牧区的生态安全。[方法]利用锡林郭勒盟209份入户调研数据,使用Heckman模型从牧户流转意愿与流转行为相互依赖的角度研究草原流转的决策问题。[结果]在牧户流转意愿影响因素中,牧户的边际产出对其有促进作用,说明牧户间草原边际产出差距越大越愿意流转; 牧户有草原证对其有促进作用,牧户间有草原纠纷对其有抑制作用,说明交易成本越低越愿意流转。在流转意愿影响流转行为的基础上,兼业对草原流转规模影响较大且产生不利影响。兼业户与非兼业户相比,草原流转规模平均缩小41%。[结论]要提升牧户的草原流转意愿,需要拉大牧户间的草原边际产出水平和降低牧户间流转的交易成本; 要扩大草原流转规模,需要减少兼业户的数量和规范草原流转价格。通过草原流转市场本身建立起有效的牧业进入与退出机制,以便在城乡之间架起一座桥梁,实现转出牧户的市民化和转入牧户草原畜牧业经营的规模化和现代化。  相似文献   

16.
内蒙古国有林区产业结构变动对经济增长影响分析   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
产业结构变动与经济增长有着密切的关系,通过调整产业结构,促进产业发展,是当前内蒙古国有林区经济和社会发展所需。特别是对于林区天然林资源保护和林区经济的持续稳定发展至关重要。本文通过对经济增长指标的分解,阐明林区产业结构和产业发展与经济增长之间的关系,并针对产业结构调整和各项产业的发展提出相应的对策建议。  相似文献   

17.
加快防沙治沙进程 构筑北方生态屏障   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
内蒙古自治区境内沙化土地面积4160万hm2,做好防沙治沙工作意义重大。内蒙古自治区采取坚持依法防治、综合防治、实行防沙治沙多措并举,坚持科学防治、确保工程质量和效益,坚持产业兴林、促进发展增收,防沙治沙取得令人瞩目的成绩,沙化土地治理取得重大进展,沙区农牧业生产方式得到根本改变,推动了沙产业的快速发展。  相似文献   

18.
介绍了内蒙古毛乌素生物质热电厂及能源林基地建设的具体实践,探索出沙区资源高效利用、沙区群众和谐致富、沙区产业健康发展三位一体的长效机制,吸引金融资本和国际资本进入荒漠化治理领域,为生态建设产业化、产业发展生态化提供了成功范例。  相似文献   

19.
内蒙古林区经济增长的影响因素及对策   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在对林区经济增长问题加以分析的基础上,运用柯布道格拉斯生产函数和索洛经济增长方程,从时间序列数据角度进行测算,通过分析林区的各产业发展情况,建立了内蒙古林区经济增长的函数模型,利用Eviews软件对数据进行处理,了解资本、劳动、科技等要素对林区经济增长的不同影响,掌握经济增长的内在规律,进而提出适合国有林区实施可持续发展的新思路。  相似文献   

20.
内蒙古农业资源配置效率分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
随着城镇化、工业化进程的推进,农业资源日益稀缺,但农产品的需求不断增加。内蒙古是我国 重要的农畜产品生产基地,提高农业资源配置效率是内蒙古农业发展中的重要课题。该文运用数据包络分 析方法,从不同层面对内蒙古农业资源配置效率进行了分析。结果显示: 2007年后内蒙古农业持续快速发 展需要新的力量来促动;内蒙古中西部生态环境脆弱地区急待新的农业技术来克服资源约束的瓶颈;在土 壤改良技术、节水灌溉技术、农机应用与维护技术、测土配方施肥技术方面加大技术创新与推广力度,对 提高内蒙古农业资源配置效率具有重要现实意义。  相似文献   

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