Timing of the Effects: A Dynamic Analysis of Pack‐Size Variety,Demand, and Cost

As an importation logistics factor, pack‐size variety (the number of different pack sizes, such as packs of 6 units and 12 units of products) is involved in a dynamic system. This system includes the forward impacts of the present pack‐size variety on the present demand and the present cost, as well as the reverse influences of past demand and past cost on present pack‐size variety decisions. Any static analysis of a segment of this system misses an important factor of these effects: the timing. In this study, I unveil the timing of these dynamic relationships among pack‐size variety, demand, and cost. The findings suggest that the effect of past demand on present pack‐size variety follows a short‐delayed and long‐lasting pattern, while the effect of past cost on present pack‐size variety follows a long‐delayed and short‐lasting pattern. These findings offer important implications for pack‐size variety decisions in industrial practices.     

Managers, investors, and crises: mutual fund strategies in emerging markets

We examine the trading strategies of mutual funds in emerging markets. We develop a method for disentangling the behavior of fund managers from that of underlying investors. For both managers and investors, we strongly reject the null hypothesis of no momentum trading: mutual funds systematically sell losers and buy winners. Selling current losers and buying current winners is stronger during crises, and equally strong for managers and investors. Selling past losers and buying past winners is stronger for managers. Managers and investors also practice contagion trading—they sell (buy) assets from one country when asset prices fall (rise) in another.     

The past,present, and future of measurement and methods in marketing analysis

Marketing Letters - The field of marketing has made significant strides over the past 50 years in understanding how methodological choices affect the validity of conclusions drawn from our...     

Naubauer,Robert G. Packaging,the Contemporary Media. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1973

Abstract

Additional advertising regulation is being proposed for both tobacco and alcoholic beverage products. The possible outcome of these proposed regulations is examined based on the effect that advertising regulation has had on tobacco consumption in the past.     

Rogers,Everett M., and Rekha Agarwala-Rogers. Communication in Organizations. New York: The Free Press, 1976

Abstract

A review of past research on the persuasive effects of source expertise and source similarity reveals inconsistent results. In an effort to provide more direction for advertisers and other communicators, insight into source effects was sought through examining the relationship between source expertise and source similarity. Results revealed that there is no underlying relationship between expertise and similarity. The presence of one source characteristic does not impact the other source characteristic. As a result, the advertiser's decision relating to what type of communication source to use remains an important one. In view of these findings and past research, future research directions are identified.     

Business history,global networks and the future of mobility

Globalisation raises serious concerns about ecological sustainability and social equality. This article proposes that business historians should write a usable past that is framed by the imperative of addressing these issues. The transport and communication networks that underpin global trade and travel offer an opportunity to narrate such a past. In particular business enterprises have historically helped to shape the ways consumers think about and realise bodily movement. By contributing to a genealogy of these mobility cultures, business historians can help to uncover the mythic traces that continued to shape contemporary public and policy understandings of global mobility.     

Different forms of corporate philanthropy,different effects: A multilevel analysis

This study investigates how different types of corporate philanthropy impact employees' life satisfaction. Grounded in signaling theory, we explore and clarify the nuances among three types of corporate philanthropy values: the absolute value of corporate philanthropy, the value of a firm's corporate philanthropy relative to its past level, and the value of corporate philanthropy relative to the firm size. Results of multilevel analyses on a large scale sample with 218 firms and 2,261 employees at two time points reveal that: the absolute value of corporate philanthropy positively influences employees' life satisfaction; the value of a firm's corporate philanthropy relative to its past philanthropy negatively impacts employees’ life satisfaction; and the value of corporate philanthropy relative to the firm size positively affects employees' life satisfaction. The results indicate that the influences of corporate philanthropy on employees' life satisfaction vary depending on the evaluation benchmarks. Firms may benefit by taking their size and past philanthropy into consideration when making corporate philanthropy investment decisions.     

Sino-Latin American Trade, Closer Tie

The financial crisis has provided a new opportunity for Sino-Latin American cooperation. In the past few years, China＇s economic ties to Latin America have witnessed comparable growth： from 1993 to 2003, China＇s trade with Latin America increased by 600 percent. Chinese president Hu Jintao set the mark for increasing trade with Latin America to US$100 billion by 2010, a goal easily met when trade surged to US$102.6 billion in 2007, which represents a 42.6 percent increase from 2006. In the first nine months of 2008, it was already up 52 percent from the same period 2007. It is widely believed that China and Latin America share the same pictures in the field of economic development, and increased relations between the two sides are mutually beneficial. Commented on the just-issued Chinese policy paper on Latin America and the Caribbean Region, the first on this topic, Jiang Shixue, vice president of the Chinese Association for Latin American Studies said the document is a clear indication that China is willing to promote Sino-Latin America ties, which will be focused on economics and trade.     

China's Telecome,Grows into Giants

Thirty years ago,backward telecommunications infrastructure and network technology fell far short of the demand to promote the fast development of all sectors in society,particularly constraining China＇s economic growth.But over the past thirty years China＇s telecom industry has developed by leaps and bounds.     

Energieversorgungsrisiken,Energiepreiskrise und Klimaschutz erfordern gemeinsame Antworten

Wirtschaftsdienst - In the past two years, the world has changed and global crises (e. g. the COVID-19 pandemic, war in Ukraine) increasingly dominate the headline. Decades of certainties no longer...     

Big data: Dimensions,evolution, impacts,and challenges

Big data represents a new technology paradigm for data that are generated at high velocity and high volume, and with high variety. Big data is envisioned as a game changer capable of revolutionizing the way businesses operate in many industries. This article introduces an integrated view of big data, traces the evolution of big data over the past 20 years, and discusses data analytics essential for processing various structured and unstructured data. This article illustrates the application of data analytics using merchant review data. The impacts of big data on key business performances are then evaluated. Finally, six technical and managerial challenges are discussed.     

Mark H. Rose, Bruce E. Seely, and Paul F. Barrett. The Best Transportation System in the World: Railroads, Trucks, Airlines, and American Public Policy in the Twentieth Century

As the mammoth title of this book suggests, the three authors,Mark Rose, Bruce Seely and the late Paul Barrett, cover publicpolicy matters that relate to the core forms of commercial transportationin the United States during the past century. In the process,they first examine railroads, indicating that progressive-erapoliticians brought about harsh statutes that damaged the earningspowers of these quasi-public corporations. Following the periodof federalization     

Populism: Root Causes,Power Grabbing and Counter Strategy

Intereconomics - The economic agenda of bringing jobs back and improving dynamics can sometimes work in the short run, if past fiscal prudence has left some space for higher government expenditures...     

Governance of the Euro Area: Fiscal Union,Debt Union,Fiscal Freedom

Over the past three years, as the euro area has struggled with high levels of sovereign debt, it has been gradually developing into a debt union. However, this is not a sustainable arrangement. This article proposes two alternatives to a debt union — a fiscal union and a monetary union with fiscal freedom — and evaluates the pros and cons of each approach.     

The interplay of international trade,economic growth and income convergence: a brief intellectual history of recent developments

The literature on the interplay of international trade, economic growth, and income convergence across economies has proliferated in the past few decades. The present essay reviews the theoretical advancements and empirical findings in this literature. The focus will be on recent developments with a few glances at the past. The essay also describes new findings and insights into the role of international trade in global income distribution. Ideas for further research are offered throughout the essay.     

Growth,innovation and international competitiveness

The past two decades have witnessed considerable shifts in the world income and technology pyramid. A major factor in this was the differing ability of economic systems to bring forth innovations under the pressure of a highly dynamic environment. This article analyses the link between innovation, international competitiveness and growth in the world economy from a Schumpeterian perspective.     

Intrinsic motivations, self-esteem, and luxury goods consumption

Despite the dramatic growth of the luxury market over the past two decades, luxury consumer research remains fragmentary and scant. To address this knowledge gap, this study investigates consumers' intrinsic motivations for purchasing luxury goods. Data were collected from 587 consumers and analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results show that consumers who are primarily intrinsically motivated tend to purchase luxury products for superior quality and self-directed pleasure. The findings also demonstrate that self-esteem, an important concept in psychology and consumer behavior but rarely studied in luxury research, relates strongly to self-directed pleasure.     

An Experimental Study of Cognitive Dissonance,Product Involvement,Expectations, Performance and Consumer Judgement of Product Performance

Abstract

This experimental study investigates the effects of cognitive dissonance, expectations, and product performance on product evaluations. The study improves upon the methodological problems of the past experimental studies. The results of a 2×2×2 factorial design suggest that product involvement acts as a moderator in the postdecisional product evaluation process. The theoretical and empirical findings suggest communication guidelines for the advertisers.     

中国：高储蓄、高投资和高增长研究

本文探讨了中国经济发展过程中长期存在的高储蓄、高投资和高增长并存的现象。文章认为：人口红利、工业化、城市化和市场化改革，是造成中国经济“三高”的实体经济因素和体制因素，这些因素并不能由宏观经济政策予以调整。文章最后提出了大力发展直接融资的改革对策。     

Nostalgia is not what it used to be: heritage films,nostalgia websites and contemporary consumers

Nostalgia is not a singular phenomenon; it is multi-layered, diversely experienced and variously exploited, as I demonstrate by briefly outlining the history of nostalgia, especially the recent shift from modern to post-modern versions of the experience. The modern, temporal version of nostalgia is founded on the unattainable distance between the past and the present; the post-modern, atemporal version erases this sense of distance. Central to the modern concept of nostalgia is the experience of wistfulness, a hopeless longing for something lost and irrecoverable. But for post-modern nostalgics, the irrecoverable is now attainable, the difference between past and present flattened out. This is partly because post-modern nostalgia re-cycles images, objects and styles associated with the relatively recent past, a prime site of such re-cycling being the Internet. I therefore look at a range of websites that use nostalgia as a central concept in their marketing and which demonstrate some of these recent shifts in the experience of nostalgia. In the final part of this article, I explore these concerns in relation to the reception of four films about the English, past released in the 2000s: Ladies in Lavender (2004), Becoming Jane (2007), Brideshead Revisited (2008) and An Education (2009). How are films mobilised for nostalgic purposes at the levels of production, marketing and consumption? How is an experience of the past built into these films? Are some of the resulting images, sounds and pasts more resistant to nostalgic uses than others? Are these films discussed by audiences in terms of nostalgia? If so, is this is a positive or negative experience? Ranging in this way across a variety of material, my article is an attempt to bring together cultural history, conceptual, formal analysis and the analysis of reception or consumption.