税收、政府支出与中国经济增长的协整分析

本文以我国1979-2004年数据为基础, 运用协整分析、向量自回归、误差修正模型和格兰杰因果检验理论的分析框架, 研究了我国税收和政府支出对经济增长的短期影响与长期关系.研究结果表明,我国经济增长与税收、政府支出之间存在长期稳定的均衡关系;在长期,政府支出与经济增长是正相关的,而税收与经济增长负相关;在短期,滞后两期的政府支出是经济增长的原因.     

基于VEC的城市化需求潜力与效益分析

本文从定量角度,采用协整检验和向量误差修正模型,分析城市化与居民消费、投资间的相互关系以及城市化的需求潜力与效应对我国经济增长的贡献.实证分析结果表明,城市化与投资、消费存在长期稳定均衡关系,城市化是消费、投资增长的格兰杰原因,城市化短期内对消费和投资产生波动性影响且作用较小,但长期却能够通过需求累积效应促进消费扩大和投资增长.     

地区金融发展与经济增长的互动关系研究——以陕西为例的实证分析

文章以陕西为例对地区金融发展和经济增长间的互动关系进行了探讨。构建向量误差修正模型,运用格兰杰因果检验法对陕西金融发展和经济增长的动态关系及双向因果关系进行了实证分析。研究结论是二者存在单向因果关系,陕西尚未进入金融发展和经济增长的互动阶段。     

西部地区产业结构与居民消费结构、经济增长的动态关系——基于甘肃省的实证分析

文章以甘肃省1980—2014年的相关数据为研究对象,建立了向量自回归模型和向量误差修正模型,通过协整检验、格兰杰检验和方差分解,实证分析了产业结构与居民消费结构、经济增长之间的动态关系。结果表明:甘肃省产业结构与经济增长之间存在双向作用机制;居民消费结构对产业结构的影响显著,但居民消费结构与经济增长之间的因果关系不显著。     

政府、居民消费与中国经济增长的因果关系

本文运用协整、格兰杰因果检验和向量自回归模型,利用1978—2006年的年度经济数据对我国政府消费、居民消费和经济增长的关系进行层次递进的实证分析,实证结果表明：我国居民消费、政府消费和经济增长之间存在长期均衡关系,居民消费增长是经济增长的因果原因,政府消费增长是居民消费增长的因果原因。     

西部地区外国直接投资与经济增长关系的实证分析

本文运用协整和因果关系检验理论,对西部地区从1979年到2005年的外国直接投资与经济增长数据进行实证检验.结果发现二者之间存在长期稳定的关系,并且当滞后两期时,经济增长是外国直接投资的格兰杰原因,而外国直接投资并不是经济增长的格兰杰原因.在协整分析的基础上建立了误差修正模型,分别从长期和短期对两者之间的关系进行了定量分析,并给出了结论和政策建议.     

我国国防支出与经济增长的宏观计量模型与实证研究

文章通过一个新的宏观计量模型,综合考虑财政政策与货币政策的共同影响,利用ADF单位根检验、协整检验和向量误差修正模型(VECM)等方法对我国国防支出与经济增长的关系进行了实证研究。研究证实我国国防支出与经济增长之间确实存在长期稳定的双向变动关系,经济增长对国防支出的弹性约为0.17;但利率与国防支出、经济增长之间仅存在单向变动关系,且影响十分有限。     

公司债券市场发展与经济增长:韩国的经验研究

债券市场在经济增长中的作用长期以来被世界各国的研究所忽视.本文首次同时引入银行、债券和股票市场这三个重要的金融部门,在控制了投资、进口、出口和消费支出等重要的实质经济变量以及虚拟变量--东亚金融危机的情况下,采用协整分析、误差修正模型和Granger因果检验法,对公司债券市场发展在韩国经济增长中的作用进行了实证研究.文章发现,公司债券和股票市场发展、银行信用规模扩张对韩国的经济增长具有显著的促进作用,出口、投资、总消费支出也是其经济增长的重要源泉,然而进口和东亚金融危机却具有负面影响.文章认为韩国属于典型的"经济增长拉动型"金融发展模式.     

公共投资、政府消费与经济增长的协整分析

本文以我国1978～2003年数据为基础,运用协整分析、向量自回归、误差修正模型和格兰杰因果关系的分析框架,研究了我国政府投资和政府消费对经济增长的短期影响与长期关系.其结论是:我国经济增长与政府投资、政府消费之间存在长期的均衡稳定关系;在长期,政府消费与经济增长是正相关的,而政府投资与经济增长负相关;在短期,滞后两期的政府投资是经济增长的原因.     

中国的通货膨胀与行业经济增长——基于ECM模型的实证分析

本文通过统计描述、回归分析、格兰杰因果检验以及建立误差修正模型研究了我国的通货膨胀与农林牧渔、金融、房地产、住宿餐饮、交通运输和批发零售六大行业经济增长的关系,结果发现:通货膨胀对各个行业经济增长的影响都为负,其中对农林牧渔业的影响最大,对住宿和餐饮业的影响最小;对于农林牧渔、交通运输、住宿餐饮、批发零售行业来说,通货膨胀是经济增长的格兰杰原因,而经济增长却不是通货膨胀的格兰杰原因;当受到短期经济波动的影响时,住宿餐饮行业的稳定性最好,批发零售行业次之,而金融行业的稳定性最差.因此,为保持平稳的经济增长,政府必须采取措施控制通货膨胀,这不仅可以减少对农林牧渔业产生的影响,也有利于减轻对金融行业的冲击     

Pleasure and belief in Hume's Decision Process

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce explicitly pleasure and belief in what aims at being a Humean theory of decision, like the one developed in Diaye and Lapidus (2005a). Although we support the idea that Hume was in some way a hedonist – evidently different from Bentham's or Jevons' way – we lay emphasis less on continuity than on the specific kind of hedonism encountered in Hume's writings (chiefly the Treatise, the second Enquiry, the Dissertation, or some of his Essays). Such hedonism clearly contrasts to its standard modern inheritance, expressed by the relation between preferences and utility.

The reason for such a difference with the usual approach lies in the mental process that Hume puts to the fore in order to explain the way pleasure determines desires and volition. Whereas pleasure is primarily, in Hume's words, an impression of sensation, it takes place in the birth of passions as reflecting an idea of pleasure, whose “force and vivacity” is precisely a “belief”, transferred to the direct passions of desire or volition that come immediately before action. As a result, from a Humean point of view, “belief” deals with decision under risk or uncertainty, as well as with intertemporal decision and indiscrimination problems.

The latter are explored within a formal framework, and it is shown that the relation of pleasure is transformed by belief into a non-empty class of relations of desire, among which at least one is a preorder.     

Globalization,Neoliberalism and the attack on social security

Neoliberal political movements advocate privatization of public pension systems. Globalization imposes pressure on nations to conform to neoliberal policy views with respect to the design and structure of social insurance, including public pension systems. The paper begins with an investigation of the economic, ethical and ideological dimensions of the privatization debates in the U.S.; it argues that privatization advocates may be largely moved by ideology, since the other reasons advanced appear weak or unfounded. The second part discusses the history of Social Security, the purposes for its creation, and some of its economic effects. Differences between public and private pension systems are considered. A brief international comparison of some aspects of public pension system finance and benefit structures is presented. The final section considers the ethical, macroeconomic and distributional implications of privatization, prefunding and payroll tax funding, and argues for a pay as you go system financed with income taxes. In order to promote equity, economic security, community, and social cohesion, public pension systems should be universal in coverage. In order to reduce the inequality, income insecurity, and aged poverty generated by market economies, public pension systems ought to be progressive: benefit/contribution ratios should be inversely proportional to income, and progressive income taxes should finance the system. To promote economic growth, the systems should be financed on a pay-as-you-go basis, and should not be prefunded except for an emergency reserve. The fiscal policy recommendations partially depend upon the theory developed by Abba Lerner in the 1940s, and recently advanced by Wynne Godley and Randy Wray: Lerner's “principle of functional finance.”     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...     

Interest on reserves and inflation

The payment of interest on reserves has been a common practice in inflationary economies. This policy may seem paradoxical since it involves returning part of the seigniorage, generated by the inflation process, with the intention to finance the fiscal deficit. This paper argues that the motivation for this policy can be captured by the discretionary regime, where the policymaker pays interest on reserves because he is concerned with the erosion of real liquidity by inflation, which is in part beyond his control. However, this policy is an unlikely outcome in the commitment regime, where the policymaker is in full control of inflation.     

Perspective on the Economic Evolution of the European Union States Under the Impact of the Pandemic and Financial-Economic Crisis

The European Union,which is at the beginning of its term of office for all Member States in the European Parliament,the European Commission,its governing body a...     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长