"组织承诺"与"离职倾向"相关性初探

企业人力资源水平的高低是企业升级与提高竞争力的重要指标，而如何留住人才，特别是如何留住核心员工和能力强的员工则是企业人力资源管理的关键因素。因此，提高员工的组织承诺与工作投入程度，进而降低员工的离职倾向，是当今人力资源管理的重要课题之一。     

企业中知识型员工的监管博弈分析

知识型员工作为掌握科学技术的人才，是当今以及未来时代竞争的焦点。如何有效地管理知识型员工已成为企业人力资源管理的重心。本文在系统分析知识型员工特征的基础上，运用博弈论的方法构建了企业中知识型员工监管博弈模型，依据模型对企业中知识型员工的战略选择行为进行了博弈分析，并提出改进管理知识型员工的四条对策。     

知识型企业人力资源管理创新模式研究

在当今知识经济时代,知识成了最主要的生产要素,谁拥有知识,谁能高效地利用知识,谁就拥有财富和权力.在这样的环境下,知识型企业应运而生.知识型企业是由知识型员工构成的知识联合体,其人力资源管理愈加受到重视.知识型员工有着与一般员工不同的特点,如何构建一个有效的人力资源管理模式,将是知识型企业成功的关键.本文通过对知识型企业员工特点的分析,探讨了知识型企业人力资源管理创新模式.     

知识型员工流失风险管理

随着知识经济时代的到来,掌握最有价值的知识资本的知识型员工日益成为企业提升竞争力的宝贵资源。在人员流动日益频繁的今天,如何降低知识性员工流失给企业带来的损失是企业人力资源管理中的一大难题。本文从分析知识型员工的特点、流失原因以及给企业带来的风险入手,从风险的防范与控制两方面提出了如何有效管理知识型员工流失风险的具体措施。     

浅析我国中小企业对知识型员工的激励方法

在人力资本和知识资本成为企业竞争优势资源的知识经济时代,我国中小企业如何激励知识型员工,吸引留住知识型人才,使充分发挥其能力,对我国中小企业在激烈的竞争中赢得竞争力至关重要。本文通过对知识型员工的特点及其需求因素分析,探讨我国中小企业对知识型员工激励的方法。     

如何管理知识型员工

近年来,全国各地供电企业都在致力于学习型、创新型、知识型企业以及数字化电网的建设,各类高新技术和信息化手段不断应用到企业管理和电网建设上,致使企业的科技水平和信息化水平迅速提升,对员工的素质要求也日益提高。因此,一些受过高等教育的高素质人才正源源不断地注入到供电企业,同时,企业原有的员工也都纷纷利用业余时间,利用各种学习途径继续参加深造。目前,知识型员工在供电企业中已占有相当大的比例。从而,对知识型员工的管理也已经成为了供电企业人力资源管理中重要的课题之一,或者说对高素质人员的管理——知识型员工的管理是我…     

如何管理知识型员工

近年来，全国各地供电企业都在致力于学习型、创新型、知识型企业以及数字化电网的建设，各类高新技术和信息化手段不断应用到企业管理和电网建设上，致使企业的科技水平和信息化水平迅速提升，对员工的素质要求也日益提高。因此，一些受过高等教育的高素质人才正源源不断地注入到供电企业，同时，企业原有的员工也都纷纷利用业余时间，利用各种学习途径继续参加深造。目前，知识型员工在供电企业中已占有相当大的比例。从而，对知识型员工的管理也已经成为了供电企业人力资源管理中重要的课题之一，或者说对高素质人员的管理——知识型员工的管理是我们供电企业当前的迫切需要。     

中小民营企业知识型员工离职原因的实证研究

知识型员工是企业的核心资源,且具有流动性强的特点.如何吸引知识型员工是广大中小民营企业十分关心的问题.本文利用实际调查的数据,用Logit模型分析了影响中小民营企业知识型员工离职的企业内部因素.研究结果表明,薪酬、发展前景、人际关系、企业制度、企业的人性观是最重要的五个影响因素.因此,中小民营企业应用良好的发展前景、合理的薪酬制度、和谐的工作环境、规范科学的企业制度、持续的成就激励和精神激励来增强企业对知识型员工的凝聚力,降低其离职率.     

如何管理知识型员工

近年来,全国各地供电企业都在致力于学习型、创新型、知识型企业以及数字化电网的建设,各类高新技术和信息化手段不断应用到企业管理和电网建设上,致使企业的科技水平和信息化水平迅速提升,对员工的素质要求也日益提高.因此,一些受过高等教育的高素质人才正源源不断地注入到供电企业,同时,企业原有的员工也都纷纷利用业余时间,利用各种学习途径继续参加深造.目前,知识型员工在供电企业中已占有相当大的比例.从而,对知识型员工的管理也已经成为了供电企业人力资源管理中重要的课题之一,或者说对高素质人员的管理--知识型员工的管理是我们供电企业当前的迫切需要.……     

留住知识型人才的对策

随着知识经济时代的到来，拥有高素质的知识型人才，将是决定一个企业在市场竞争中成败的一个关键因素。而对于国有企业，由于历史传统和企业长期在计划经济体制下形成的人事管理的思想和方法，使国内大多数企业的人力资源管理工作，无论是在理念上还是在操作上都存在许多问题，导致了知识型员工的大量流失。如何留住知识型人才，是目前需要研究解决的重要课题。     

Heterogeneity in turnover: The effect of relative compensation dispersion of firms on the mobility and entrepreneurship of extreme performers

We explore the strategic implications of firm compensation dispersion on the heterogeneous turnover outcomes of employee mobility and entrepreneurship. We theorize that individuals' turnover decisions are affected by the interaction of individual performance with the firm's compensation dispersion relative to its competitors. We test our theory using linked employer-employee data from the legal services industry. We find that individuals with extreme high performance are less likely to leave firms that offer higher compensation dispersion than competitors, however, if they do leave these employers, they are more likely to create new ventures. In contrast, employees with extreme low performance are more likely to leave firms with more compensation dispersion than competitors, and these individuals are less likely to engage in new venture creation. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Should auld acquaintance be forgot? the reverse transfer of knowledge through mobility ties

While mobility's effect on knowledge transfer to firms that hire mobile employees is well demonstrated, we choose to explore mobility's effect on knowledge transfer to firms that lose these employees. Focusing on this ‘outbound mobility’ allows us to isolate effects of social mechanisms associated with mobility. We find that semiconductor firms losing employees are more likely to subsequently cite patents of firms hiring these employees, suggesting that mobility‐driven knowledge flows are bidirectional. In addition, the outbound mobility effect is pronounced when mobility occurs between geographically distant firms, but attenuates for geographically proximate firms since other redundant knowledge channels exist within regions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Which boundaries? How mobility networks across countries and status groups affect the creative performance of organizations

Research summary : Losing key employees to competitors allows an organization to engage in external boundary‐spanning activities. It may benefit the organization through access to external knowledge, but may also increase the risks of leaking knowledge to competitors. We propose that the destination of departed employees is a crucial contingency: benefits or risks only materialize when employees leave for competitors that differ from the focal organization along significant dimensions, such as country or status group. In the context of the global fashion industry, we find that key employees' moves to foreign competitors may increase (albeit at a diminishing rate) their former employers' creative performance. Furthermore, firms may suffer from losing key employees to higher‐ or same‐status competitors, but may benefit from losing them to lower‐status competitors. Managerial summary : Losing key employees to competitors can provide organizations with access to external knowledge, but increase risks of leaking knowledge to competitors. We find that an organization's access to external knowledge and its risks of knowledge leakage through employee mobility may be affected by whether its employees leave for competitors in a foreign country or in a different status group. In the context of the global fashion industry, we show that key employees' moves to foreign competitors increase (up to a point) their former employers' creative performance. Furthermore, firms may suffer from losing key employees to higher‐ or same‐status competitors, but benefit from losing them to lower‐status competitors. Hence, executives in creative industries and possibly beyond could welcome losing employees to competitors in foreign countries or to lower‐status competitors. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

建立负企业所得税制度 促进中小企业自主创新

如何突破为数众多的中小企业自主创新的瓶颈,增强中小企业自主创新的动力和能力,把自主创新的＂国家意志＂转变为中小企业的＂自主行为＂,已成为学术界和政府部门目前所关注的一个重要的研究课题。文章在剖析企业自主创新特点的基础上,阐述了我国目前的中小企业自主创新的特征以及＂负企业所得税＂税式支出的概念和运作机制,进而论证了＂负企业所得税＂税式支出对中小企业自主创新的激励效应。     

高绩效工作系统、工作倦怠对员工离职倾向的影响研究

本文基于员工感知的视角，以工作倦怠作为中介变量，探索员工感知的高绩效工作系统对离职倾向的影响机制。通过来自企业256 个有效样本的实证研究发现，员工感知的高绩效工作系统与离职倾向显著负相关；工作倦怠及其子维度情感耗竭、玩世不恭与离职倾向显著正相关，而子维度成就感低落与离职倾向相关性不显著；工作倦怠在员工感知的高绩效工作系统与离职倾向之间起部分中介作用；员工感知的高绩效工作系统可通过影响员工的情感耗竭、玩世不恭情绪，间接对离职倾向产生影响，而成就感低落的中介效应不显著。     

A resource‐based perspective on human capital losses,HRM investments,and organizational performance

Reversing the focus on human capital accumulations in the resource‐based literature, the authors examine the issue of human capital losses and organizational performance. They theorize that human capital losses markedly diminish the inimitability of human capital stores initially, but that the negative effects are attenuated as human capital losses increase. They argue further that these effects are more dramatic when human resource management (HRM) investments are substantial. As predicted, Study 1 shows that the human capital losses (voluntary turnover rates)‐workforce performance relationship takes the form of an attenuated negative relationship when HRM investments are high. Study 2 shows stronger curvilinear effects of voluntary turnover rates on financial performance via workforce productivity under these conditions. Implications for resource‐based theory and strategic HRM are addressed.     

Do Broad‐based Employee Ownership,Profit Sharing and Stock Options Help the Best Firms Do Even Better?

This article analyses the linkages among group incentive methods of compensation (broad‐based employee ownership, profit sharing and stock options), labour practices, worker assessments of workplace culture, turnover and firm performance in firms that applied to the ‘100 Best Companies to Work For in America’ competition from 2005 to 2007. Although employers with good labour practices self‐select into the 100 Best Companies firms sample, which should bias the analysis against finding strong associations among modes of compensation, labour policies and outcomes, we find that employees in the firms that use group incentive pay more extensively participate more in decisions, have greater information sharing, trust supervisors more and report a more positive workplace culture than in other companies. The combination of group incentive pay with policies that empower employees and create a positive workplace culture reduces voluntary turnover and increases employee intent to stay and raises return on equity.     

Why do off‐shored Indian call centre workers want to leave their jobs?

Employee turnover is a major problem in off‐shored Indian call centres. Agents who service Western customers often face hostility and racial abuse because of who they are and where they are located. A substantial part of job‐related training focuses on teaching employees to manage their identity and modify their accent. Based on a sample (n = 211) of Indian call centre workers servicing international customers, we explore these issues and investigate how they affect employee turnover intentions. The study utilises Taylor and Bain's (2005) distinction between factors particular to the Indian context and those more generic to the call centre labour process to better understand the drivers of turnover. We found that a number of distinctive factors including accent modification difficulty, stigma consciousness, racial abuse and perceived favouritism were associated with turnover intentions. The study also revealed that certain job‐related factors related to intentions to leave, including routinisation and poor promotional opportunities.     

Unwilling to leave the good Samaritans: How peer interpersonal-oriented citizenship behaviors retains “me”

An emerging body of turnover literature has adopted a relational perspective with a focus on peer influence. In this study, by drawing on the social information processing perspective, we attempt to explain how and when other team members’ interpersonal-oriented citizenship behavior (ICB), as symbolic cues, reduced focal member’s turnover intention. Based on a sample of 462 employees across 80 teams from 13 Chinese organizations, we found the symbolic cues of peer ICB enhanced team cohesion and then reduced focal employees’ turnover intention. In addition, servant leadership weakened the negative effect of peer ICB on turnover intention through team cohesion. These findings expand current theorization of the relational perspective and knowledge about how and when peer interpersonal citizenship behavior thwarts focal employee turnover intentions.

     

Antecedents and Outcomes of Employees' Trust in Chinese Joint Ventures

In this study we investigate the antecedents and outcomes of employees' trust in their supervisors and organizations in Chinese joint ventures. We develop a model that links trust, job security, and subordinate-supervisor guanxi. The model considers job security as an antecedent of trust in the organization and subordinate-supervisor guanxi as an antecedent of trust in supervisors. It further suggests that the turnover intention of employees is affected by their trust in their organization, and that their organizational citizenship behavior is affected by their trust in their supervisors. We use a data set consisting of 295 employees collected in four joint ventures in Southern China to test the hypotheses. The results of our LISREL and OLS regression analyses support the proposed model. Job security and subordinate-supervisor guanxi are found to affect employees' trust. In addition, trust in the organization has a stronger effect on turnover intention than does trust in one's supervisor. Trust in supervisors significantly affects the organizational citizenship behavior of employees. These findings have practical implications for the management of workers in Chinese joint ventures.