Improving agility and resilience of automotive spares supply chain: The additive manufacturing enabled truck model

The global supply chain disruption by the COVID-19 pandemic is difficult, if not impossible, to estimate as over 94% of the top 1000 fortune companies were badly affected. The need for building resilient supply chains to mitigate the effect of such disruptions is rising rapidly than ever before across the global business spectrum. Building resilience in the automotive spare parts (ASPs) supply chain is critically important as any disruption to automotive spares supply chain will affect the operations of the logistics sector, the backbone of global supply chains. This research work contributes to improving the resilience of the automotive spare parts supply chain by proposing a Viable Supply Chain (VSC) framework design that incorporates Additive Manufacturing (AM) enabled trucks in the automotive spares supply chain network. Based on the proposed model, conceptual case models are developed and tested with proposed AM enabled truck manufacturing closer to end customer. A heuristic approach called shortest time heuristic is also proposed to solve the routing and scheduling of an AM enabled truck to deliver customers’ orders of the spare parts through an online platform. Importantly, the study demonstrate how additive manufacturing can help the ASPs industry to switch from the existing practice of make-to-stock to a more efficient inventory management and cost saving make-to-order model while also achieving resilience and sustainability in by providing a source of spares support for discontinued models of vehicles.     

供应链采购与传统采购的比较分析

采购作业是企业运营管理工作中的重要一环，在采购环节所形成的成本是企业生产成本的重要组成部分，是企业降低成本的重要领域文章运用比较的方法．分析了供应链采购与传统采购的不同特点,指出供应链采购能改进与供应商的关系，减少传统采购中许多不增值的作业,是企业降低成本、增加效益的重要方法。     

浅议绿色供应链管理及其业绩评价

传统的供应链被定义为企业从原材料和零部件采购，运输，加工制造，分销直至最终送到顾客手中的这一过程被看成是一个环环相扣的链条，在传统供应链中加入“绿色”概念就形成了绿色供应链。本文讨论了由于环境因素导致传统供应链的扩展及绿色供应链与传统供应链的区别，并介绍了一些绿色供应链的业绩评价指标。绿色供应链能够实现经济效应和环境效应双重目的，具有很大的现实意义。     

制造业数字化供应链的构建路径

探讨了制造业数字化供应链的建设思路与路径构建,提出培育数字化企业、构建数字化供应链、打造数字化生态三步走的发展思路,对可能进行数字化改造的研发设计、生产排程、库存优化、智能运输等环节进行分析,提出了制造业数字化供应链的路径构建。     

数码印刷行业服务供应链内涵及模型构建

以服务供应链为研究视角,以数码印刷行业为研究选题,系统地总结国内外服务供应链研究现状,分析数码印刷行业现状,提出服务供应链在产品推广和市场影响中的积极作用,基于这一特定行业对服务供应链的概念和模型进行再界定。     

供应链运作风险影响企业竞争能力的实证分析

以供应链运作风险为切入点,在现有文献研究的基础上,从供应风险、需求风险、制造风险和信息风险四个维度反映供应链运作风险,通过提出相关研究假设构建了供应链运作风险作用于企业竞争能力的关系模型。基于对国内制造企业的调研数据,对模型进行了验证。研究结果表明,供应链运作风险对企业的竞争能力产生了不同程度的影响。     

基于联盟链的供应链金融信息安全问题思考

"区块链+供应链金融"管理系统的基本架构对其业务运营、维护和发展至关重要。因此,基于联盟链提出关于供应链金融信息安全的问题思考,分析论证了联盟链底层技术支持下,账户及权限管理、网络环境安全、健康监控及法律效力认证等手段使信息安全风险可防可控,最后从加强技术研发、推动基础设施建设、提升从业人员素质、完善法制建设等多角度提出信息安全管理建议,达到提升区块供应链金融稳定性和运作效率的目的。     

The contingency effects of environmental uncertainty on the relationship between supply chain integration and operational performance

This paper extends prior supply chain research by building and empirically testing a theoretical model of the contingency effects of environmental uncertainty (EU) on the relationships between three dimensions of supply chain integration and four dimensions of operational performance. Based on the contingency and organizational information processing theories, we argue that under a high EU, the associations between supplier/customer integration, and delivery and flexibility performance, and those between internal integration, and product quality and production cost, will be strengthened. These theoretical propositions are largely confirmed by multi-group and structural path analyses of survey responses collected from 151 of Thailand's automotive manufacturing plants. This paper contributes to operations management contingency research and provides theory-driven and empirically proven explanations for managers to differentiate the effects of internal and external integration efforts under different environmental conditions.     

Making sustainable sourcing decisions: practical evidence from the automotive industry

Achieving environmental and sustainable performance within an organisation’s supply chain and manufacturing operations will be feasible if upstream supply partners have the same commitments in performing their operations in a sustainable manner. Given the debate above, we propose a comprehensive framework to address the sustainable supplier selection and order allocation (SSS&OA) problem. The framework developed is practical, that starts by using an audition check-list specific for each sustainability dimension (environmental, economic and social), from which the weighted values of its comprised criteria are obtained. The weighted scores of the selected sustainable suppliers are utilised by a proposed bi-objective order allocation model in order to make sourcing decisions. The strength of the proposed framework is its practical applicability to provide a solution for SSS&OA problems which is validated through a real-world application. Finally, research findings, theoretical and managerial insights and also directions for additional research are presented.     

Supply chain finance: Historical foundations,current research,future developments

It is widely agreed that supply chains encompass and integrate material, information, and financial flows across organizations. There is a robust history and continually expanding research agenda investigating supply chain management practice and theory associated with material and information flows and processes. However, the management of financial flows from a supply chain perspective and in combination with the other flows, usually referred to as supply chain finance (SCF), has been under-investigated. Our understanding of SCF approaches and solutions in purchasing and supply management (PSM) is only starting to form. The purpose of this editorial is to provide some grounding of initial studies and concepts of SCF, illustrate new and emerging thought in this discourse with articles published in this special issue, and speculate how the SCF domain may evolve in theory and practice with the advent of new digital technologies and big data analytics.     

供应商管理库存对顾客服务水平影响的研究

在知识经济时代,传统的库存管理思想已经不能满足市场发展的需要,强调供应链整体合作是库存理论的进一步发展趋势。而供应商管理库存是未来供应链库存管理的一种重要模式,受到越来越多理论界的重视和研究。而库存管理思想对顾客服务水平有什么影响,却很少有人对此做出模型研究。本文基于提前期对此展开讨论,提出供应商管理库存能够提高补给周期供给水平(CSL)和产品供给率(Fr),降低供应链中总成本,保证整条链快速响应顾客需求,提高顾客服务水平。     

Value of design for competitiveness – Introduction to the special issue

Good design is of great value today. However, in the future it will be of even greater value. The commoditization of traditional manufacturing and the increasing influence of 3D printing is driving profit out of manufacturing and into creating or owning the underlying product design. Consequently design in not only an important topic for journals on design, but also in other fields such as technology innovation management – hence this special issue in Technovation. The special issue consists of six papers covering a variety of topics including management and modularity.     

蓄电池制造业的MRP实施关键点分析与研究

目的是探究一种适合蓄电池制造企业运行MRP的方法,并且推广成功的经验。只有把MRP作为反映业务数据及时性和准确性的重要考量标准,才能从根本上做好蓄电池制造业的信息化。其中使用了MRP相关的理论：安全库存、订货点法、产能计算等等。在成功实施了MRP之后,大幅提高了企业的运作能力,降低了成本。这些都说明,使用MRP来协调企业内部供应链,的确能给企业带来很大的效益,并从根本上提高企业的竞争力。     

Assessing the performance impact of supply chain planning in net-enhanced organizations

This paper presents a conceptual framework that hypothesizes the nature of the relationships between a firm’s use of Internet-based information technology (IT), supply chain planning capability, and operational performance. Using data from 266 manufacturing sites and structural equation modeling, we show that the impact of IT on operational performance is contingent upon the intent of its use. Specifically, our results suggest that IT’s use in exploiting existing opportunities has both a direct effect and an indirect effect, mediated through supply chain planning capabilities, on operational performance. In contrast, when IT is used to explore new opportunities, it has neither a direct nor an indirect effect on operational performance. Implications of these research findings are reported.     

铁路车辆制造企业供应商管理存在问题的原因分析及解决建议

通过对铁路车辆制造企业目前供应商管理现状和存在的问题进行分析,研究铁路车辆制造企业供应链管理的模式,与优秀供应商建立长期稳定的相互支持、风险共担、同步发展的战略合作伙伴关系,实现双赢的企业管理模式。通过对供应商管理观念和方式的转变,能够有力推动企业内、外部资源互补与优化利用,实现供应链节点企业的财务状况、质量、产量、交货期、用户满意度和业绩的改善和提高,提升供应链核心竞争力,实现合作多赢的目标。     

Achieving supply chain ‘Leagility’ through a project management orientation

Many forces have combined to make today's supply chains more complex than ever before. These forces include the significant trend to out-sourcing; the growth of offshore manufacturing and procurement; the rising demand for customer-specific solutions and the globalisation of markets. The paper highlights the challenges that organisations must address in order to gain and retain competitiveness in today's markets – in particular, the need to achieve ever lower costs while simultaneously enhancing responsiveness. In other words, the need is to develop hybrid supply chains that are both ‘lean’ and ‘agile’. Using a single case study of a global telecommunications company as an example, the authors demonstrate how supply chain complexity can effectively be mastered by adopting a project management orientation and in the process enabling outcomes that are ‘leagile’, that is, both lean and agile.     

Internet-of-things enabled supply chain planning and coordination with big data services: Certain theoretic implications

Recent advances in information technology have led to profound changes in global manufacturing. This study focuses on the theoretical and practical challenges and opportunities arising from the Internet of Things (IoT) as it enables new ways of supply-chain operations partially based on big-data analytics and changes in the nature of industries. We intend to reveal the acting principle of the IoT and its implications for big-data analytics on the supply chain operational performance, particularly with regard to dynamics of operational coordination and optimization for supply chains by leveraging big data obtained from smart connected products (SCPs), and the governance mechanism of big-data sharing. Building on literature closely related to our focal topic, we analyze and deduce the substantial influence of disruptive technologies and emerging business models including the IoT, big data analytics and SCPs on many aspects of supply chains, such as consumers value judgment, products development, resources allocation, operations optimization, revenue management and network governance. Furthermore, we propose several research directions and corresponding research schemes in the new situations. This study aims to promote future researches in the field of big data-driven supply chain management with the IoT, help firms improve data-driven operational decisions, and provide government a reference to advance and regulate the development of the IoT and big data industry.     

基于物流与供应链管理模式下的质量管理

在市场经济下,一个企业的物流与供应链管理实力如同它的研发或生产实力一样,是这个企业的核心竞争力,普遍受到重视。基于物流与供应链管理模式下的质量管理势必会对传统的质量管理带来深刻的影响。作者对物资管理、物流管理和供应链管理模式进行了对比分析,对基于物流与供应链管理模式下的质量管理和传统物资管理模式下的质量管理差异进行了分析,提出了基于物流与供应链管理模式下质量管理的初步设想。     

供应链风险与生产制造领域直接损失问题研究

随着供应链风险事件的频繁发生并产生严重后果,供应链风险管理目前成为供应链研究的一个重要方向。文章研究了供应链风险的界定问题,介绍了供应链风险评估的研究现状;在分析了供应链风险性质和生产制造领域供应链运作模式的基础上,建立了直接损失评价模型。     

Creating the competitive edge: A new relationship between operations management and industrial policy

Policy interventions by governments to alter the structure of economic activity have either been dismissed or ignored by operations management (OM) scholars. However, in recent years, such ‘industrial policy’ measures have gained increasing support in developed economies, particularly in relation to manufacturing. This paper argues that contemporary manufacturing in high-cost economies is rooted in technological innovation. As such, it can be enhanced by industrial policy interventions that prevent systems failures in the process of turning technological innovation into commercially viable products. In particular, we argue that this can be achieved by establishing non-firm, intermediate research organizations and by other measures to change the institutional architecture of an economy. We disagree with claims in earlier OM literature that industrial policy is all but irrelevant to manufacturing firms and to OM. Instead, we argue that OM must broaden its conceptual scope so as to encompass active engagement with non-firm network participants such as government-supported intermediate research organizations, and that, as well as learning to be effective users of industrial policy, OM practitioners and academics should engage actively in the development of industrial policy. In this way, high-value, high-productivity manufacturing can be viable in high-cost economic environments.