企业数字化转型对绿色技术创新效率的影响机制研究——有中介的调节效应模型

基于2015—2021年中国A股上市公司的数据,采用固定效应模型、中介模型和有中介变量中介的调节效应模型,实证分析数字化转型对企业绿色创新效率的影响机制,重点探讨动态能力的中介作用和ESG的调节作用。研究结果表明,数字化转型显著促进企业绿色创新效率,且ESG的调节效应部分通过中介变量动态能力起作用,即存在有中介的调节效用;、相较于非高科技企业,高科技企业数字化转型对提高企业绿色创新效率更加显著;、不同区位企业数字化转型对绿色创新效率影响存在差异,效率提升程度中部＞东部＞西部。     

OFDI有助于赋能“中国智造”吗?:基于企业微观产品层面的经验数据分析

“双循环”新发展格局下中国企业智能化转型升级是学界、业界普遍关注的重点议题。文章以OFDI企业为准自然实验，利用2005～2020年上市企业产品智能化数据，运用倍差法系统探究OFDI赋能“中国智造”的作用效果与影响路径。研究发现，OFDI显著提升了企业产品智能化生产倾向性和产品智能化种类，经过一系列稳健性检验后此结果依然稳健。异质性检验结果表明，相较于民企和外企，OFDI赋能“中国智造”对国企的激励作用更为凸显；相较于新兴产业和瓶颈产业，OFDI赋能“中国智造”对成熟产业的激励作用更为显著；企业年龄与产品智能化呈现出显著的“倒U型”关系，这表明OFDI赋能“中国智造”对于处于“成长”或“成熟”期的中国企业恰逢其时。影响路径的三重差分结果表明，逆梯度下OFDI赋能“中国智造”可借助创新激励效应和成本优化效应实现；顺梯度下OFDI赋能“中国智造”的创新激励效应并不显著，但成本优化效应更为凸显。文章的研究结论对“双循环”新发展格局下中国企业创新驱动战略实施及智能化转型升级路径选择具有重要启示及借鉴意义。     

数字经济赋能城市绿色高质量发展的效应与机制研究

伴随着新一代信息技术革命的飞速发展,以互联网、大数据、区块链、人工智能为代表的数字经济蓬勃兴起,已逐渐成为推动我国经济社会进步的重要引擎。在此背景下,如何借助数字经济的发展推动中国城市走向创新驱动、绿色发展的新模式,是当前亟待进行理论阐释与实证研究的重要课题。基于此,文章使用2011—2019年中国254个地级及以上城市的面板数据,在剖析数字经济自身特征的基础上,从边际效应和作用机制两方面提出了数字经济赋能城市绿色高质量发展的理论假说,并运用多种计量模型对上述假说进行实证检验。结果显示,数字经济对于城市绿色高质量发展具有显著的促进作用,且在数字经济发展水平越高的地区,数字经济对于城市绿色高质量发展的促进作用越强,在一定程度上印证了"数字鸿沟"效应的存在。数字经济通过产业结构优化效应、创新能力激发效应和公众认知能力提升效应三重机制赋能城市绿色高质量发展。这些结论在多种内生性和稳健性检验后依然成立。本文所进行的相关研究在理论上有助于解析数字经济对城市绿色高质量发展的作用机理与特征,实践上有助于中国政府充分利用数字经济赋予的时代机遇,加快中国城市发展方式的创新驱动、绿色转型和打造创新、智慧、生态、美丽的新型城市。     

绿色金融对碳排放的影响——基于海洋经济圈的中介及调节效应

绿色金融已然是助推“双碳”战略实现的重要内容。以海洋经济圈为研究对象、数字经济为中介变量、R&D投入强度为调节变量，探究绿色金融对碳排放的影响。选取2005—2021年的数据，运用固定效应、中介效应和调节效应模型进行分析，并采用缩尾处理进行稳健性分析。结果表明，海洋经济圈绿色金融能抑制碳排放量，数字经济起了中介作用，但R&D投入强度未起到显著的调节作用。鉴于此，应持续推广绿色金融、完善数字经济体制机制及落实R&D投入。     

企业绿色创新对审计定价的影响——基于我国上市公司绿色专利数据的证据

基于2010—2021年沪深A股上市公司数据，实证分析企业绿色创新对审计定价的影响，以期为强化审计监督赋能绿色发展提供一定的理论依据与经验参考。研究发现，企业绿色创新能够提升审计定价水平，且企业可持续经营在企业绿色创新与审计定价中发挥着中介效应，是企业绿色创新促进审计定价水平提升的重要路径。进一步分析发现，机构投资者持股能够缓解企业绿色创新与审计定价的正相关关系。异质性检验发现，企业绿色创新与审计定价的正相关关系在民营企业中更显著。     

性别差异下人工智能技术冲击与工作认同

为探讨人工智能技术应用对员工工作认同的影响机制及边界条件，文章以“基于任务的模型”和自我决定理论为基础构建有调节的中介效应模型，并利用北京市100家人工智能技术应用型企业的数据进行实证检验，研究发现：人工智能技术冲击程度对员工工作认同具有显著正向影响，工作要求和工作条件感知在其中起到中介作用；性别调节了工作条件感知与员工工作认同之间的关系，即在人工智能技术冲击影响下，与男性相比，工作条件感知变化越明显，女性对工作的认同越强。     

中国服务业开放对区域创新的影响

通过使用中介效应检验法,系统考察了中国服务业开放对区域创新的影响,发现中国服务业开放有助于促进区域创新。中国服务业开放的研发资本投入效应、服务业开放的研发劳动投入效应、服务业开放对制造业进出口贸易的推动效应在服务业开放对中国区域创新的影响中存在中介效应,而服务业开放对人均GDP的拉动效应在服务业开放对中国区域创新的影响中不存在中介效应。东部地区通过服务贸易进口获得的国外研发资本存量能显著促进区域创新,而中部、西部和东北地区通过服务贸易进口获得的国外研发资本存量不能显著促进区域创新。     

人工智能对制造业高质量发展的影响研究

在新一轮科技革命和产业变革的加速演进下，人工智能作为核心驱动力能够促进制造业高质量发展。文章基于2008—2020年我国30个省级面板数据，理论分析并实证检验了人工智能对制造业高质量发展的影响。研究发现：人工智能应用能够显著促进制造业高质量发展，且能有效提升制造业发展的经济效益、创新效益、绿色效益和附加值效益；人工智能的应用存在异质性，对东部地区制造业、劳动密集型和中高技术制造业的高质量发展促进效应更为显著；机制检验表明，人工智能通过技术创新、人力资本结构优化、生产性服务业集聚推动制造业高质量发展。     

数字经济对城市绿色创新发展的影响

为研究数字经济对绿色创新发展的影响,选取2012—2021年省级面板数据构建计量模型,计算数字经济测度并研究数字经济对绿色创新的影响。研究发现：数字经济已经成为推动经济绿色发展的重要力量;数字经济对不同省份的赋能效应并不相同,表现出较强的区域异质性特征。     

绿色金融发展促进区域创新了吗？——基于政府支持行为的研究

绿色金融发展为绿色技术创新注入了新鲜血液,是区域创新的强大引擎。基于2007—2021年中国31个省（直辖市、自治区）的面板数据,探究绿色金融发展对区域创新的影响效应以及政府支持对二者关系的调节作用。研究表明,绿色金融发展总体上能够提升区域创新能力,但对原创性较强的知识创造没有显著的促进作用。进一步研究表明,政府支持的异质性方式具有不同的滞后效应,科技支持能够最快产生正向的调节效应,而教育支持与环保支持发挥作用的滞后期较长,但其影响更为持久。     

On the Major Transformation of the Asia-Pacific Regional Structure北大核心CSSCISSCI

Recent years have witnessedsignificant changes in the Asia-Pacific regionalstructure featuring the shift in power balance among related countries as well as adjust-ments in their respective regional strategies. So what is the prevailing trend in thistransformation and what kind of regional order will likely emerge in the future？ To an-swer these questions, the paper tries to explore the following dimensions： the evolvingregional context, shift in power balance and power conversion, geo-political and geo-e-conomic developments and interactions between them, and evolving regional order. Asthe study shows, the broadening of regional geographical scope, the rise in the numberof actors involved, as well as changesin the relations among them, have combined tocast a pluralistic and complex flavor to the regional structure. While the power balanceamong China, the United States and Japan shifts, and power conversion is also occur-ring. China and Japan are paying increasing attention to their security roles, whereasthe United States under the Obama administration laid more stress on expanding itsgeo-economic clout. In spite of the intensifying geopolitical competition among China,the United States and Japan in recent years, a Sino-US strategic compromise-whichholds the key to regional geopolitics-isother front, some kind of geo-economicmore likely to take place in the future. On thecooperation will probably emerge. In the longerterm, it will be the geo-economic trend thatwill prevail over the geopolitical trend inthe region. Finally, the future evolution of regional order wiI1 mainly follow the eco-nomic logic, accompanied by the dilutionof its hegemonic and hierarchical nature.Hence, a pluralistic and complex regional community will emerge.     

Organization and incentives in the age of sail

The British Navy in the age of sail was the most successful bureaucracy of its time. Its organization and incentive structures differed importantly from contemporaneous private sailing ventures, but closely resembled those of today’s large corporations. To induce efficient effort, the navy used a hierarchical tournament, in which sailors competed for higher pay that came with promotions based on relative performance. Promotion probabilities, the option value of future promotions, and the higher effort required of men in higher ranks and on larger vessels, combined to yield a highly skewed pay structure.     

The German Hanse and Bergen – new perspectives on an old subject

Abstract

The Hanseatic League and her kontors (trading posts) were an integral part of the medieval trade system in Northern Europe. Hanse merchants dominated many markets in this region and managed to maintain a monopoly-like role in towns like Novgorod and Bergen for many centuries. Consequently, one focus of historical research about the Hanseatic League lay on the mechanisms that enabled the Hanse merchants to keep that strong of a position for such a long time.

This article is part of the discussion about this topic. Based on Lübeck merchants with business interest in the Norwegian town of Bergen, the so-called Bergenfahrers (Bergen travellers), it will give new insights into the Hansards' economical and social organization. The three main points are (a) the integration of the Bergen market in the Hanseatic trade network as an intermediary trading place on the vivid East–West route of Hanse trade; (b) the importance of the Bergenfahrers within the Hanse merchants' economical, social and political networks; and (c) the structure of the Bergenfahrers network patterns in the late Middle Ages.

In addition to new insights into the important role of Bergen and the Bergenfahrers within Lübeck's and the other Wendish Hanse towns' trading system, this articles provides further proof for the usefulness of the methods of Social Network Analysis in medieval economic research.     

Financial Reporting and Trade Credit: Evidence from Mandatory IFRS Adoption*

We investigate the effect of mandatory IFRS adoption on trade credit. We document that firms in countries that adopt IFRS receive more trade credit from their suppliers, consistent with improved financial reporting quality and comparability playing a role in facilitating informal financing. This increase is larger for countries with a low level of societal trust, a poor pre‐IFRS‐adoption information environment, and stronger legal enforcement. These cross‐sectional results suggest that the conditions under which higher‐quality information is made publicly available affect suppliers' decisions to provide trade credit. This increase is also larger for firms with greater exposure to foreign markets, a finding that highlights the importance of more comparable international financial reporting standards in facilitating cross‐country trade credit. We also find that IFRS adoption has a stronger positive effect on trade credit for firms with greater liquidity needs. Finally, we find that firms in countries that adopt IFRS also extend more trade credit to their customers. Overall, our results support the notion that financial reporting can have a causal effect on trade credit.     

区域工业产业竞争力指标体系的构建及其评价方法研究

文章通过建立省级区域工业产业竞争力评价指标体系,设计竞争力模型,利用SPSS统计软件,对各省工业产业竞争力进行了评价测定。     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

文化传播中电视暴力对青少年侵犯行为的影响

伴随当代传媒产业的蓬勃发展,暴力也成为影视艺术基本的叙事类型及消费主义文化日趋盛行的现实语境。＂电视暴力＂是作为＂媒介暴力＂的一个子概念存在的;从文化传播看电视暴力,其覆盖面大,且易于接触;电视暴力对受众特别是青少年的影响巨大而深刻。要从制作者、传播者和观众三个方面的自律出发,建立适应我国国情的影视分级制。