Machine learning algorithms for the creation of clinical healthcare enterprise systems

Clinical recommender systems are increasingly becoming popular for improving modern healthcare systems. Enterprise systems are persuasively used for creating effective nurse care plans to provide nurse training, clinical recommendations and clinical quality control. A novel design of a reliable clinical recommender system based on multiple classifier system (MCS) is implemented. A hybrid machine learning (ML) ensemble based on random subspace method and random forest is presented. The performance accuracy and robustness of proposed enterprise architecture are quantitatively estimated to be above 99% and 97%, respectively (above 95% confidence interval). The study then extends to experimental analysis of the clinical recommender system with respect to the noisy data environment. The ranking of items in nurse care plan is demonstrated using machine learning algorithms (MLAs) to overcome the drawback of the traditional association rule method. The promising experimental results are compared against the sate-of-the-art approaches to highlight the advancement in recommendation technology. The proposed recommender system is experimentally validated using five benchmark clinical data to reinforce the research findings.     

Technical and organisational aspects in enterprise resource planning systems implementation: lessons from a Spanish public hospital

Public resources should always be managed efficiently, more so in times of crisis. Due to the specific characteristics of the healthcare sector, there is a need for special attention, especially in regards to hospitals. Administrators need useful tools to be able to efficiently manage available resources, such as enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. Therefore, an analysis of the effects of their implementation and use in hospitals is valuable. This study has two purposes. One is to analyse the role ERP systems play in aiding the integration of hospital data, with focus on user satisfaction as well as possible resistance to change. The other purpose is to analyse the effects of implanting and using ERP systems in the hospital environment and identifying how certain variables influence the process, especially the existence of different organisational cultures. Results indicate that clinical information has become notably more integrated, despite the lack of flow in the economic–financial area. The heterogeneous nature of the different groups, clinical (Medical, Nursing) and non-clinical (Economic–Financial, Accounting), had a negative influence on the implementation process, and limited the integration of information as well as the system's performance.     

Development of an integrated medical supply information system

The integrated medical supply inventory control system introduced in this study is a hybrid system that is shaped by the nature of medical supply, usage and storage capacity limitations of health care facilities. The system links demand, service provided at the clinic, health care service provider's information, inventory storage data and decision support tools into an integrated information system. ABC analysis method, economic order quantity model, two-bin method and safety stock concept are applied as decision support models to tackle inventory management issues at health care facilities. In the decision support module, each medical item and storage location has been scrutinised to determine the best-fit inventory control policy. The pilot case study demonstrates that the integrated medical supply information system holds several advantages for inventory managers, since it entails benefits of deploying enterprise information systems to manage medical supply and better patient services.     

城镇居民基本医疗保险制度及其监督机制研究

选择适合我国国情的城镇居民基本医疗保险制度模式,在建立和完善城镇居民基本医疗保险制度的过程中处理好六个关系,同时建立与之相配套的有效的监督机制。     

企业绩效考核结果与薪酬挂钩策略

文章首先简要介绍了企业绩效考评和薪酬这两个方面相关的一些内容，引出绩效考评结果与薪酬的挂钩问题，得出绩效考评结果与薪酬挂钩的两种类型；其次重点阐述根据两种类型得出挂钩的两种策略：一种是绩效工资，另一种是收益分享计划。文章最后总结说明企业要根据各自不同的具体情况来选择恰当的挂钩策略。     

Materiel management and nursing: partnership planning.

An integrated materiel management system should not be developed by any one department; rather it should be a collaborative effort and partnership using the expertise available in both user and supplier areas. The keys to developing a sound system are accurate data collection, careful assessment of needs, establishment of realistic objectives, refinement of systems, and active promotion of the program throughout nursing.     

A security evaluation approach for information systems in telecommunication enterprises

In recent years, information systems in telecommunication enterprises have been characterised by boundary expansion and increase of departmental-level applications. These changes increase the complexity of security evaluation and pose new challenges to enterprises' information security. Taking into account the behaviour characters of system users, we put forward a system security evaluation approach based on access paths. This approach can help evaluators and users find out potential security risks without figuring out the boundary of systems explicitly. It has no special requirements for system scale and can be used in the evaluation of enterprise-level and departmental-level systems. This paper also presents the formal definition of access path and related evaluation rules.     

A ROle-Oriented Filtering (ROOF) approach for collaborative recommendation

In collaborative filtering (CF) recommender systems, existing techniques frequently focus on determining similarities among users’ historical interests. This generally refers to situations in which each user normally plays a single role and his/her taste remains consistent over the long term. However, we note that existing techniques have not been significantly employed in a role-oriented context. This is especially so in situations where users may change their roles over time or play multiple roles simultaneously, while still expecting to access relevant information resources accordingly. Such systems include enterprise architecture management systems, e-commerce sites or journal management systems. In scenarios involving existing techniques, each user needs to build up very different profiles (preferences and interests) based on multiple roles which change over time. Should this not occur to a satisfactory degree, their previous information will either be lost or not utilised at all. To limit the occurrence of such issues, we propose a ROle-Oriented Filtering (ROOF) approach focusing on the manner in which multiple user profiles are obtained and maintained over time. We conducted a number of experiments using an enterprise architecture management scenario. In so doing, we observed that the ROOF approach performs better in comparison with other existing collaborative filtering-based techniques.     

HRM systems between control and commitment: occurrence,characteristics and effects on HRM outcomes and firm performance

In the literature, it is often assumed that traditional, control‐oriented HRM systems are increasingly being replaced by commitment‐based HRM systems because the latter generally result in higher firm performance. However, an HRM system's effectiveness may depend on an organisation's external and internal context, and neither control nor commitment HR systems are without disadvantages. Thus, the empirical validity of this claim is not clear ex ante. This paper analyses the empirical diffusion and determinants of control and commitment HRM systems in Germany as well as their impact on HRM outcomes and firm performance. The findings indicate that between the two extreme forms of high‐control and high‐commitment HRM systems, there are two hybrid forms (long‐term‐oriented control system and regulated commitment system) that combine elements of both ‘pure’ systems. Commitment HRM systems outperform the high‐control HRM system concerning many HRM outcomes and firm performance measures. However, in direct comparison, the high and the regulated commitment HRM systems do not show substantially different outcomes, indicating that there is no one best way.     

规范工程招标投标行为的思考

本文首先对招标投标一词进行了解读并分析工程招标投标中暴露的暗箱操作、围标、串标、黑白合同等问题以及产生这些问题在制度和程序上的缺陷,最后提出了解决这些问题的相应措施和建议。     

A resilience-based model for performance evaluation of information systems: the case of a gas company

Information systems (IS) are strongly influenced by changes in new technology and should react swiftly in response to external conditions. Resilience engineering is a new method that can enable these systems to absorb changes. In this study, a new framework is presented for performance evaluation of IS that includes DeLone and McLean’s factors of success in addition to resilience. Hence, this study is an attempt to evaluate the impact of resilience on IS by the proposed model in Iranian Gas Engineering and Development Company via the data obtained from questionnaires and Fuzzy Data Envelopment Analysis (FDEA) approach. First, FDEA model with α-cut = 0.05 was identified as the most suitable model to this application by performing all Banker, Charnes and Cooper and Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes models of and FDEA and selecting the appropriate model based on maximum mean efficiency. Then, the factors were ranked based on the results of sensitivity analysis, which showed resilience had a significantly higher impact on the proposed model relative to other factors. The results of this study were then verified by conducting the related ANOVA test. This is the first study that examines the impact of resilience on IS by statistical and mathematical approaches.     

Are US multinationals adequately preparing future American leaders for global

Human resource information (HRI) is information such as head count, fluctuation, age distributions or results from employee surveys which is available to an organization. Despite being a high-priority issue for practitioners and researchers, this topic remains far from reaching a level at which the users of HRI – mostly managers and senior executives – are satisfied and perceive HRI as effective and useful for decision making. This is due to a knowledge gap regarding which relevant attributes HRI needs to possess. In order to fill this gap, we built on theoretical arguments from the information systems literature and integrated them into an HRI success model with the key variables ease of use, information quality, perceived usefulness, user information satisfaction and information use. This model was tested among 179 managers in Swiss banks, and structural equation modeling provided clear support for it. In particular, information quality was a key determining factor for both user information satisfaction and information use, and there was a weak link between user information satisfaction and actual HRI use. Both academics and practitioners might benefit from this model by achieving a deeper understanding of the key factors and interdependencies leading to successful HRI.     

谈缅甸输电线路EPC总承包工程后勤综合管理

缅甸的建设环境决定了在该国开展输电线路EPC总承包必须建立坚强的后勤综合保障系统,包括选好后勤综合管理基地,建立健全后勤综合管理组织,全面抓好后勤综合管理各项工作,尤其要加强对人、材、机的入境计划、车辆使用和信息报道等进行管理。     

谈缅甸输电线路EPC总承包工程后勤综合管理

缅甸的建设环境决定了在该国开展输电线路EPC总承包必须建立坚强的后勤综合保障系统,包括选好后勤综合管理基地,建立健全后勤综合管理组织,全面抓好后勤综合管理各项工作,尤其要加强对＂人、材、机＂的入境计划、车辆使用和信息报道等进行管理。     

节约型学校财务评价指标体系初探

在倡导建设节约型社会的今天,全国大部分高校将节约型学校建设工作提到重要议事日程,并纳入学校"十一五"发展规划,各学校通过制定节能措施、资源节约行动计划等确保节约工作落到实处。那么实现怎样的目标才算是节约型高校呢?本文结合工作实际,从财务管理角度初步设计了节约型学校财务评价指标体系,并就财务管理工作如何为评价节约型学校提供准确信息提出了建议。     

Integrated analysis of content and construct validity of psychometric instruments

Establishing adequacy of psychometric properties of an instrument involves acquisition and evaluation of evidence based on item content and internal structure. Content validity evidence consists of subject matter experts providing quantitative ratings of the extent to which items are a representative sample of targeted domain. Evidence of internal structure includes factor analytic studies and examination of item interrelationships based on item responses from participants. Although subject matter expert ratings and participant response data are traditionally analyzed separately, each serves to inform the other in important ways. We propose integrating subject matter experts’ and participants’ data seamlessly to establish a unified model of validity evidence. The approach is applied to an instrument designed to measure nursing home culture change (i.e., resident-centered care). The proposed method has been demonstrated to be useful with a posterior distribution resulting in stable estimates of psychometric parameters superior to traditional analytic approaches. To illustrate the efficacy of the methodology, we present a simulation study and discuss its place in psychometric methods.     

Can locker box logistics enable more human-centric medical supply chains?

The fast flow of goods into hospitals is often stalled by the external–internal supply chain interface (i.e. the receipts department). This issue is particularly pertinent regarding the delivery of urgent items for specific patients or in the event of low inventory levels. An unattended electronic locker bank to which individual urgent items can be delivered and subsequently collected by the ‘user’ was proposed for Great Ormond Street Hospital in London, UK. The feasibility of this concept is quantified using a hill-climbing model operating with a significant database of consignment movements and qualitatively using staff interviews. Results indicate that a locker bank measuring 4 m length, 1.7 m height and 0.8 m depth, comprising 11 partitions, would be required to accommodate all urgent consignments for any given day. Staff perceptions of the concept were positive suggesting the locker would potentially improve the speed and quality of health care delivered to patients.     

知识经济时代下高校体育教学体制构建

文章简要概述了知识经济的定义,阐述了现行的教学体系存在评价目的单一、忽视学生主观能动性、机械的考核制度等问题,结合知识经济时代的要求,给出了一些改进建议:树立以人为本,强化终身体育观念;以素质教育为指导,加大教学计划与教学模式的改革;建立科学、客观的体育考评体系。通过高校教学体系的改革适应知识经济时代的要求,促进社会和人才的全面发展。     

“ASP动态网页设计技术”项目教学法的研究与实践

项目教学法是师生通过共同实施一个完整的项目而进行的教学活动,整个教学过程中既体现教师的主导作用又发挥学生的主观能动性,充分展示现代高职教育"以实践动手能力为奉"的教学目的。本文对项目教学法与传统的教学法相比较,介绍了项目教学法,并结合实践教学,以项目为中心对ASP动态网页设计技术课程教学进行了详细的教学设计。以整体的项目为例,通过确定项目任务、项目实施方案和项目验收及综合评价过程,阐述项目教学法在ASP动态网页设计技术课程设计中的具体应用。     

Recommendation system using feature extraction and pattern recognition in clinical care systems

Medical information systems have been increasingly facilitating and improving the quality of health monitoring, disease-trend modelling and early intervention with evidence-based medical treatment by data mining and feature extraction. Such systems are part of the enterprise information system of the healthcare organisations. We proposed a new algorithm fb-kNN towards recommendation algorithms based on analysis of the patterns of diseases with patterns in human body, which was then implemented in Healthcare 4.0 for the recommendation of diagnosis and treatment. Our developed tool is a complete package solution for the Enterprise Management System (ERP) which shows improvement in healthcare, reducing chronic diseases and mortality rates.