5G+物联网环境下智能金融场景应用的分析与建议

数字化的金融与数字化的物品有机集成与整合,可以使物联网中物品的物品属性与价值属性有机融合,革新现有业务体系,重构物联网金融业务生态体系。基于智能金融场景应用的发展思路和关键技术分析对银行实现金融科技生态圈建设、打造数字化银行至关重要。为此,结合商业银行物联网金融场景生态进程发展情况,提出具体建议,为我国商业银行物联网环境下金融场景创新应用提供决策参考。     

物联网技术应用影响企业费用粘性吗?

物联网应用带来生产力的跨越式发展,将引起企业成本结构的系统性变化.本文基于2009～2019年间与物联网有关的公司公告,采用多时点动态双重差分方法探讨物联网技术应用如何影响企业的成本行为.研究发现:企业应用物联网技术可以通过降低调整成本与代理成本、弱化管理层乐观预期,降低费用粘性.这说明物联网技术应用显现出较强的正面效应.进一步分析发现,物联网技术应用显著降低了国有企业的费用粘性,而对非国有企业费用粘性的降低作用并不明显,说明物联网技术应用对不同产权性质企业的影响存在差异.本文的研究有利于丰富信息技术经济后果文献与费用粘性影响因素文献,对我国推行物联网技术发展具有借鉴意义.     

Making sense of the impact of the internet of things on Purchasing and Supply Management:A tension perspective

The Internet of Things (IoT) is transforming how industries operate. It impacts on firms’ supply networks, business processes and business models. This article describes how the IoT influences the Purchasing and Supply Management (PSM) function. Our findings based on interviews and workshop with more than 200 senior European purchasing managers from large corporations suggest that PSM has opportunities to support the development of IoT solutions within firms which are required to work with dynamic and complex markets. At the same time, the IoT supports the development of a more capable and efficient PSM organisation. As part of this early stage theory building effort, we outline scenarios for the future of the PSM function. This leads us to reflect on how PSM leaders manage IoT-related tensions by means of differentiation and integration tactics.     

现代电子商务给企业信息管理带来的机遇与挑战

物联网、移动互联网和云计算为现代电子商务的发展带来了不可多得的机遇。电子商务有助于企业在提高企业信息管理水平方面获得长足进步。而凭借全球最大的互联网和移动互联网网民数量,中国势必在不久的将来出现类似腾讯、百度的全球性互联网巨人。     

城镇燃气管理中物联网技术的应用

在现代互联网技术、自动化技术、智能化技术等先进科技的不断发展背景下,物联网技术应运而生且迅速发展.目前在社会中物联网技术的应用越来越广泛,作为人们日常不可缺少的燃气行业也在探索应用物联网技术,通过应用物联网技术可以有效改善和解决以往管理方式单一及设备老化等原因导致的管理效率低下及断气、停气等影响人们正常生产生活的问题....     

Internet-of-things enabled supply chain planning and coordination with big data services: Certain theoretic implications

Recent advances in information technology have led to profound changes in global manufacturing. This study focuses on the theoretical and practical challenges and opportunities arising from the Internet of Things (IoT) as it enables new ways of supply-chain operations partially based on big-data analytics and changes in the nature of industries. We intend to reveal the acting principle of the IoT and its implications for big-data analytics on the supply chain operational performance, particularly with regard to dynamics of operational coordination and optimization for supply chains by leveraging big data obtained from smart connected products (SCPs), and the governance mechanism of big-data sharing. Building on literature closely related to our focal topic, we analyze and deduce the substantial influence of disruptive technologies and emerging business models including the IoT, big data analytics and SCPs on many aspects of supply chains, such as consumers value judgment, products development, resources allocation, operations optimization, revenue management and network governance. Furthermore, we propose several research directions and corresponding research schemes in the new situations. This study aims to promote future researches in the field of big data-driven supply chain management with the IoT, help firms improve data-driven operational decisions, and provide government a reference to advance and regulate the development of the IoT and big data industry.     

基于灰色关联分析的我国物联网产业发展研究

基于当今信息产业快速发展的时代背景下,物联网技术的研发以及产业化的发展已经使其成为世界经济的新的增长点。本文运用灰色关联模型对物联网产业发展影响因素进行实证分析,对如何推进物联网产业的发展具有一定的指导意义。     

物联网行业发展分析

随着当今社会的发展,物联网及相关产业的大规模拓展的时机日渐成熟,在智能计算技术和信息采集的快速发展的当下,物联网已被我国政府列入六大战略性新兴产业。在世界范围内,物联网将被欧美等发达国家作为未来发展的重要领域。而在我国,随着互联网与移动通信网的普遍应用,物联网产业也已被提升至国家战略层面。     

物联网经济下的会计信息使用 ——以海尔共赢增值表为例

会计信息是一项重要的公司治理机制。然而,在新经济与新技术的驱动下,传统业态的模式变革对单纯财会信息的治理功能提出了挑战,管理会计信息日益受到社会各界的关注。从物联网经济的特征分析入手,系统阐述物联网技术驱动下企业商业模式变革对会计信息使用的深刻影响,突出了以海尔共赢增值表为代表的管理会计信息载体在物联网经济下企业内部治理实践中的重要作用,并以此为探索或践行物联网业务模式的众多企业提供一定的借鉴与参考。     

A semantic similarity analysis of Internet of Things

ABSTRACT

Internet of Things (IoT) has gradually become one of the most popular topics among both academia and industry, and it is considered as a crucial part of future Internet. However, very few objective and systematic review was conducted to address high-value articles and summarize the intellectual components from journals for examination and identification of the intellectual core and structure of IoT. Therefore, this study conducted a co-citation analysis for IoT by using 68 high-value articles retrieved within 1457 source papers from Web of Science online database. By using factor analysis, ten critical factors were identified, which includes (1) frameworks and challenges of IoT; (2) current situation of IoT in different applications; (3) interactions of IoT; (4) security issues of IoT; (5) application domains of IoT; (6) data management of IoT; (7) IoT in product lifecycle management; (8) enabling technologies of IoT; (9) IoT in smart cities; (10) IoT in recommender systems. Hierarchical Custer Analysis and Multidimensional Scaling were used to graphically illustrate the intellectual elements of IoT. In the current findings, fundamental elements of IoT including architectural framework, enabling technologies, network communication, data management, and IoT interactions were discussed with a series of challenges for wider and deeper IoT applications.     

The influence of the Industrial Internet of Things on business models of established manufacturing companies – A business level perspective

The emergence of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) poses a large impact on established business models of manufacturing companies. This study aims at analyzing the influence of the IIoT on these business models from a business level perspective. In particular, it focuses on the interrelationships between business model component changes. While the sparse body of extant management literature examines just a subset of business model elements as affected by the IIoT, a framework comprising an entire set of elements is provided. Besides, their direct and indirect interrelationships, and the most important changes in each of the elements, are investigated. For this purpose, an exploratory multiple case study approach is employed, which is based on relevant IIoT-related experiences of 76 German manufacturing companies. By triangulating data from semi-structured expert interviews and archival company material, the study provides in-depth insights and a better understanding of IIoT-driven effects on manufacturing business models. It contributes to extant management literature by revealing the value proposition, internal infrastructure management, and customer relationships predominantly influenced by the IIoT. Moreover, it is shown that IIoT-triggered business model changes are offer-driven, particularly by production and process optimization within customers' production systems. These value proposition changes result in subsequent modifications of the remaining business model elements.     

Digital sand: The becoming of digital representations

The versatility of digital technologies relies on a capacity to represent and subsequently manipulate algorithmically selected physical processes, objects or qualities in a domain. ‘Organizationally real’ digital representations are those that, beyond the mere capacity to, actually get woven into everyday work practices. Empirically, we draw on a four-year case study of offshore oil and gas production. Our case provides a vivid illustration of Internet of Things (IoT) based visualizations and data driven predictions characteristic for efforts of digitally transforming industrial process and manufacturing enterprises. We contribute by identifying and discussing three mechanisms through which digital representations become organizationally real: (i) noise reduction (the strategies and heuristics to filter out signal from noise), (ii) material tethering (grounding the digital representations to a corresponding physical measurement) and (iii) triangulating (in the absence of a direct correspondence, corroborating digital representations relative to other representations).     

Big Data,Official Statistics and Some Initiatives by the Australian Bureau of Statistics

Official statisticians have been dealing with a diversity of data sources for decades. However, new sources of data in the Big Data domain provide an opportunity to deliver a more efficient and effective statistical service. This paper outlines a number of considerations for the official statistician when deciding whether to embrace a particular new data source in the regular production of official statistics. The principal considerations are relevance, business benefit, and the validity of using the source for official statistics in finite population inferences or analytic inferences. The paper also describes the Big Data Flagship Project of the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), which has been established to provide the opportunity for the ABS to gain practical experience in assessing the business, statistical, technical, computational and other issues in using Big Data. In addition, ABS participation in national and international activities in this area will help it share experience and knowledge, while collaboration with academics will enable ABS to better acquire the capability to address business problems using the new sources of data as part of the solution.     

How supply chain strategies moderate the relationship between innovation capabilities and business performance

The purpose of this paper is to study how the fit between innovation capabilities and supply chain (SC) strategies affects business performance. An empirical study based on a sample of 329 companies from Portugal and Brazil was performed to test a theoretical model based on the resource-based view. Linear and hierarchical regression analyses are conducted to test the hypotheses. The different combinations of core and supplementary innovation capabilities and lean and agile SC strategies are empirically tested and discussed. Data reveal that core and supplementary innovation capabilities positively impact on business performance and that SC strategies moderate the relationship between innovation capabilities and business performance. The analysis also shows that the combination of an agile SC strategy and supplementary innovation capabilities offers the greatest opportunities to improve business performance. The results of this study could help managers to choose the most appropriate SC strategy, thus contributing to increasing the impact of innovation capabilities on business performance. This study contributes to the knowledge concerning the consequences of adopting different innovation capabilities and SC strategies on business performance.     

On the formal definition of the systems’ interoperability capability: an anthropomorphic approach

The extended view of enterprise information systems in the Internet of Things (IoT) introduces additional complexity to the interoperability problems. In response to this, the problem of systems’ interoperability is revisited by taking into the account the different aspects of philosophy, psychology, linguistics and artificial intelligence, namely by analysing the potential analogies between the processes of human and system communication. Then, the capability to interoperate as a property of the system, is defined as a complex ability to seamlessly sense and perceive a stimulus from its environment (assumingly, a message from any other system), make an informed decision about this perception and consequently, articulate a meaningful and useful action or response, based on this decision. Although this capability is defined on the basis of the existing interoperability theories, the proposed approach to its definition excludes the assumption on the awareness of co-existence of two interoperating systems. Thus, it establishes the links between the research of interoperability of systems and intelligent software agents, as one of the systems’ digital identities.     

A reference architecture for IoT-based logistic information systems in agri-food supply chains

ABSTRACT

Logistics in the food and agribusiness industry must address perishable products, unpredictable supply variations and stringent food safety and sustainability requirements. The Internet of Things (IoT) could contribute significantly to solve these challenges because it allows for remotely controlling the location and conditions of shipments and products. This paper develops a reference architecture for IoT-based logistic information systems in agri-food supply chains. It proposes a hybrid solution that combines the IoT and cloud computing. The architecture supports the provision of affordable tailor-made solutions by utilising technology enablers of the European Future Internet programme and by facilitating the reuse of domain-specific functionalities.     

A systematic review of a digital twin city: A new pattern of urban governance toward smart cities

Many countries and governments consider smart cities a solution to global warming, population growth, and resource depletion. Numerous challenges arise while creating a smart city. Digital twins, along with the Internet of Things, fifth-generation wireless systems, blockchain, collaborative computing, simulation, and artificial intelligence technologies, offer great potential in the transformation of the current urban governance paradigm toward smart cities. In this paper, the concept of a digital twin city (DTC) is proposed. The characteristics, key technologies, and application scenarios of a DTC are elaborated upon. Further, we discuss the theories, research directions, and framework regarding DTCs.     

The digital transformation of business models in the creative industries: A holistic framework and emerging trends

This paper examines how digital technologies facilitate business model innovations in the creative industries. Through a systematic literature review, a holistic business model framework is developed, which is then used to analyse the empirical evidence from the creative industries. The research found that digital technologies have facilitated pervasive changes in business models, and some significant trends have emerged. However, the reconfigured business models are often not ‘new’ in the unprecedented sense. Business model innovations are primarily reflected in using digital technologies to enable the deployment of a wider range of business models than previously available to a firm. A significant emerging trend is the increasing adoption of multiple business models as a portfolio within one firm. This is happening in firms of all sizes, when one firm uses multiple business models to serve different markets segments, sell different products, or engage with multi-sided markets, or to use different business models over time. The holistic business model framework is refined and extended through a recursive learning process, which can serve both as a cognitive instrument for understanding business models and a planning tool for business model innovations. The paper contributes to our understanding of the theory of business models and how digital technologies facilitate business model innovations in the creative industries. Three new themes for future research are highlighted.     

Commercializing inventions resulting from university research: Analyzing the impact of technology characteristics on subsequent business models

One of the key challenges in commercializing inventions arising from academic research is deciding on an appropriate business model for transferring the invention from the academic world to the commercial world. However, there is little empirical evidence to suggest which model to choose. This study attempts to address this gap by examining how characteristics of technologies affect the selection of business models.We consider four characteristics of technology: patent or other legal protection, specialized complementary assets, commercial uncertainty and technological dynamism. We relate these characteristics to the choice of three basic business models for commercializing inventions. Data for this study were gathered for 42 commercialized inventions.We found evidence that greater patent or other legal protection for the technology was associated with a greater likelihood that the technology was commercialized by transferring limited rights to the technology to existing firms. We also found evidence that greater commercial uncertainty was associated with a greater likelihood that the technology was commercialized by creation of a new firm or transfer of the rights to the technology to an existing firm. We did not find evidence of a relationship between the importance of specialized complementary assets or technological dynamism and the business model used.